| |||||||
Type Congenic; Mutant Strain; Species laboratory mouse Background Strain C57BL/6J Donor Strain Mixed stock Generation N87 Development
The tortoise shell mutation (Atp7aMo-to) arose spontaneously in a non-inbred obese stock in 1952 at the Jackson Laboratory. A pair of obese heterozygotes on a miscellaneous background produced a single tortoise shell appearing female which was mated to a normal appearing male sibling. A tortoise shell female offspring was mated to a C57BL/6J male and the stock was then sibling mated using tortoise shell females bred to wildtype males since tortoise shell males die before birth. The stock was at F17 in 1960. It was taken by Dr. Elizabeth Russell and then backcrossed onto the C57BL/6J background. It was cryopreserved in 1979 by mating tortoise shell females at N79-88 to C57BL/6J males. The stock was refrozen in 1984 by mating tortoise shell females at N86 from the frozen embryo repository to C57BL/6J males.
Strains carrying Atp7aMo-to allele
000623 TR/DiEiJ View Strains carrying Atp7aMo-to (1 strain)
Strains carrying other alleles of Atp7a
000535 B6.Cg-Atp7aMo-blo/J 001381 B6.Cg-Atp7aMo-pew2J/J 002062 B6C3Fe a/a-Atp7aMo-8J/J 002044 B6Ei.Cg-Atp7aMo-blo/J 002566 C57BL/6-Atp7aMo-br/J 000813 CBA/J-Atp7aMo-pew/J View Strains carrying other alleles of Atp7a (6 strains)
Congenic Nomenclature
Mammalian Phenotype Terms assigned by genotype
The following phenotype information may relate to a genetic background differing from this JAX® Mice strain.
Atp7aMo-to/Atp7a+
Background Not Specified
- cardiovascular system phenotype
- aortic aneurysm (MGI Ref ID J:5397)
- 25% of females display aortic aneurysms and 17% show S-shaped lesions (lesions/aneurysms involve the thoracic and abdominal aorta and its branches)
Atp7aMo-to/Y
Background Not Specified
- cardiovascular system phenotype
- aortic aneurysm (MGI Ref ID J:5397)
- 81% of males develop aortic aneurysms
Research Applications
This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:Atp7aMo-to related
Dermatology Research
Color and White Spotting Defects
Developmental Biology Research
Defects in Extracellular Matrix Molecules
Metabolism Research
Mouse/Human Gene Homologs
Menkes syndrome
Neurobiology Research
Metabolic Defects
| Allele Symbol | Atp7aMo-to | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Allele Name | tortoiseshell | ||
| Strain of Origin | obese stock | ||
| Gene Symbol and Name | Atp7a, ATPase, Cu++ transporting, alpha polypeptide | ||
| Chromosome | X | ||
| Gene Common Name(s) | Blo; FLJ17790; MK; MNK; Menkes protein; Mo; blotchy; br; mottled; | ||
| General Note | Atp7aMo-to, tortoiseshell, semidominant. Arising spontaneously in an obese stock, the tortoiseshell mutation was considered to be a mottled locus allele because of its interaction with other alleles at the locus and because it shows about the same linkage relation with Zic3 (bent tail) as Atp7aMo (J:13382). Heterozygous females resemble Atp7a/+ females in color. The vibrissae are slightly wavy and the coat has a slightly silky texture. The distribution of patches of wild-type and white color is different from the distribution of patches of wild-type and wavy hair, suggesting that Atp7aMo-to probably acts independently in melanoblasts and hair follicles (J:15324). Most hemizygous males die before birth (J:24988), but a few are stillborn (J:12963). Using as parent a male presumed to be chimeric for Atp7aMo-to/Y and +/Y, Grahn et al. (J:12963) showed that homozygous Atp7aMo-to/Atp7aMo-to and heterozygous Atp7aMo-to/Atp7aMo-dp females die in utero, while heterozygous Atp7aMo-to/Atp7aMo-blo and Atp7aMo-to/Atp7aMo-br females reach term, but die by 15 days of age. The elastic lamina of the aorta is defective in stillbornhemizygous Atp7aMo-to males and in 40 per cent of Atp7aMo-to/+ female heterozygotes. | ||
| Molecular Note | A spontaneous mutation that arose at The Jackson Laboratory in 1952. | ||
This strain will not have a genotyping protocol or one is not currently available.
Helpful Links
Optimizing PCR Protocols
Atp7aMo-to related
Dickie MM. 1954. The tortoise shell house mouse J Hered 45:158 & 190. [MGI Ref ID J:24988]Erdman MD; Verley FA; Bondari K. 1987. Effects of the sex-linked prenatal lethal gene tortoise (Moto) on reproduction and growth in the mouse. Growth 51(2):189-97. [PubMed: 3678930] [MGI Ref ID J:79327]
Gacheru S; McGee C; Uriu-Hare JY; Kosonen T; Packman S; Tinker D; Krawetz SA; Reiser K; Keen CL; Rucker RB. 1993. Expression and accumulation of lysyl oxidase, elastin, and type I procollagen in human Menkes and mottled mouse fibroblasts. Arch Biochem Biophys 301(2):325-9. [PubMed: 8096378] [MGI Ref ID J:36272]
Grahn D; Fry RJM; Hamilton KF. 1969. Genetic and pathological analysis of the sex-linked allelic series, mottled, in the mouse. Genetics 61:s22-s23. [MGI Ref ID J:12963]
Lane PW. 1960. Tortoiseshell (To) and bent tail (Bn) Mouse News Lett 23:36. [MGI Ref ID J:13382]
Mintz B. 1970. Gene expression in allophenic mice. In: Control Mechanisms in the Expression of Cellular Phenotypes. Symposia of the International Society for Cell Biology. Academic Press, New York, NY. [MGI Ref ID J:15324]
Rowe DW; McGoodwin EB; Martin GR; Sussman MD; Grahn D; Faris B; Franzblau C. 1974. A sex-linked defect in the cross-linking of collagen and elastin associated with the mottled locus in mice. J Exp Med 139(1):180-92. [PubMed: 4808708] [MGI Ref ID J:5397]
Sheedlo HJ; Beck ML. 1981. Copper localization in the duodenal mucosa of heterozygous tortoiseshell (Moto/+) female mice (Mus musculus). Genet Res 38(3):333-6. [PubMed: 7333461] [MGI Ref ID J:79328]
Sheedlo HJ; Beck ML. 1982. SEM analysis of body hairs and whiskers of heterozygous tortoiseshell (Moto/+) female mice (Mus musculus). J Anat 135(Pt 1):211-6. [PubMed: 7130053] [MGI Ref ID J:79326]
Sundberg JP (ed.). 1994. . In: Handbook of Mouse Mutations with Skin and Hair Abnormalities: Animal Models and Biomedical Tools. CRC Press, Boca Raton. [MGI Ref ID J:30359]
Currently there no information available for this strain. This may be due to the supply level of this strain.
*Price(s) in US dollars ($)
Weeks of Age Price* Gender Cryorecovery Fee $1900.00
| Standard Supply | Repository-Cryopreserved. Must Be Recovered. Please refer to pricing and supply notes for further information. |
|---|---|
| Supply Notes |
|
*Price(s) in US dollars ($)
Weeks of Age Price* Gender Cryorecovery Fee $2470.00
| Standard Supply | Repository-Cryopreserved. Must Be Recovered. Please refer to pricing and supply notes for further information. |
|---|---|
| Supply Notes |
|
Purchasing Information
JAX® Mice Orders
Surgical Services
Contact Information
Orders & Technical Support
Tel: 800.422.6423 or 207.288.5845
Fax: 207.288.6150
Technical Support Email Form