Description

Strain Information

Type Congenic; Mutant Strain; Additional information on Genetically Engineered Mutant Mice. Species laboratory mouse Background Strain C57BL/6J Donor Strain MitfMi-wh CBA/J; Mitfmi-sp , C57BL/6J Generation N68p

Description
Mutations at the Mitf locus affect eye size, pigmentation, and the capacity for secondary bone resorption. Mice homozygous for the white allele (Mitf^Mi-wh) display an overall absence of pigment cells with the exception of the retina which expresses a few giving the eye a small amount of pigment. Homozygotes white mutant mice show slight microphthalmic but normal skeleton. Both homozygous and heterozygous mice for the microphthalmia-spotted spontaneous mutation (Mitf^mi-sp) are not detectably different form wild-type mice in color but have slightly less tyrosinase activity in the skin. Compound heterozygotes (Mitf^Mi-wh/Mitf^mi-sp) are light yellow with dorsal and ventral white spots and pigemented eyes.

Development
The micropthalmia spotted allele, Mitf^mi-sp, arose spontaneously in the B6.Cg-Mitf^Mi-wh stock at N44 at The Jackson Laboratory in 1961. Origin of the Mitf^mi-sp mutation was traced to the C57BL/6J female parent. There is no expression of the heterozygote Mitf^mi-sp/+ or the homozygote, Mitf^mi-sp/Mitf^mi-sp. However it is expressed with Mitf^Mi-wh as light yellow with dorsal and ventral white spots. It has been maintained by continuous crossing to the B6.Cg-Mitf^Mi-wh strain. The stock was at N72 in 1981 and was cryopreserved as Mitf^Mi-wh/Mitf^mi-sp males mated to C57BL/6J females.

Related Strains

Strains carrying   Mitf^Mi-wh allele

000593	B6 x B6CBCa Aw-J/A-Grid2Lc T(2;6)7Ca MitfMi-wh/J
000158	B6.Cg-MitfMi-wh/MitfMi/J
000184	B6.Cg-MitfMi-wh/Mitfmi-rw/J
000057	B6.Cg-MitfMi-wh/J
000350	B6By.Cg-KitW-v MitfMi-wh T/J
001253	STOCK MitfMi-wh +/+ Wnt7apx/J
000302	STOCK a/a MitfMi-wh +/+ Itpr1opt/J

View Strains carrying   Mitf^Mi-wh     (7 strains)

Strains carrying other alleles of Mitf

003046	B6(FVB)-MitfMi-Mee/J
000158	B6.Cg-MitfMi-wh/MitfMi/J
000184	B6.Cg-MitfMi-wh/Mitfmi-rw/J
001573	B6C3Fe a/a-MitfMi/J
000956	B6CB-Mitfmi-rw/J
002611	C57BL/6J-Mitfmi-bws/J
002134	C57BL/6J-Mitfmi-vit/J

View Strains carrying other alleles of Mitf     (7 strains)

Additional Web Information

Congenic Nomenclature

Phenotype

Phenotype Information

View Research Applications

Research Applications

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Mitf^Mi-wh related

Dermatology Research
Color and White Spotting Defects

Endocrine Deficiency Research
Bone/Bone Marrow Defects

Immunology and Inflammation Research
Immunodeficiency Associated with Other Defects

Mouse/Human Gene Homologs
Waardenburg syndrome, type IIA

Neurobiology Research
Vestibular and Hearing Defects

Sensorineural Research
Eye Defects
Vestibular and Hearing Defects

Mitf^mi-sp related

Dermatology Research
Color and White Spotting Defects

Endocrine Deficiency Research
Bone/Bone Marrow Defects

Immunology and Inflammation Research
Immunodeficiency Associated with Other Defects

Mouse/Human Gene Homologs
Waardenburg syndrome, type IIA

Neurobiology Research
Vestibular and Hearing Defects

Sensorineural Research
Eye Defects
Vestibular and Hearing Defects

Genes & Alleles

Gene & Allele Information

Allele Symbol		MitfMi-wh
Allele Name		white
Allele Type		Spontaneous
Common Name(s)		Miwh;
Strain of Origin		(C57BL x DBA)F1
Gene Symbol and Name		Mitf, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor
Chromosome		6
Gene Common Name(s)		MI; WS2A; bHLHe32; black eyed white; bw; mi; microphthalmia; vit; vitiligo; wh;
General Note		Combination heterozygotes of MitfMi-wh/MitfMi, MitfMi-wh/MitfMi-b, and MitfMi-wh/MitfMi-ws show some interallelic complementation in that the heterozygote of the two alleles is more nearlynormal than either homozygote (J:12967, J:19656). MitfMi-b/MitfMi-wh agouti mice are light cream with white spots and ruby eyes (J:15061).
Molecular Note		T to A transversion at bp 764, which leads to an isoleucine to asparagine substitution at the corresponding amino acid (212) in the encoded protein. This mutation is in the basic region of the protein. [MGI Ref ID J:19656] [MGI Ref ID J:21366]
Allele Symbol		Mitfmi-sp
Allele Name		microphthalmia spotted
Allele Type		Spontaneous
Common Name(s)		MITFsp; sp;
Strain of Origin		C57BL/6J-MitfMi-wh
Gene Symbol and Name		Mitf, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor
Chromosome		6
Gene Common Name(s)		MI; WS2A; bHLHe32; black eyed white; bw; mi; microphthalmia; vit; vitiligo; wh;
General Note		Mitfmi-sp, microphthalmia-spotted. The mutation was found in a C57BL/6J-MitfMi-wh stock. Homozygotes and Mitfmi-sp/+ mice are not detectably different from wild-type mice in color but have slightly less tyrosinase activity in the skin. MitfMi-wh/Mitfmi-sp mice are light yellow with dorsal and ventral white spots and pigmented eyes. Medullary pigment granules in the hair show much clumping and are yellowish brown. Mitfmi/Mitfmi-sp mice are white with some pigmentation in the eyes and some flecks of pigmented hair on the back. All these combinations are viable and fertile (J:12946). The Mitfmi-sp mutation is a cytosine insertion into a splice acceptor domain causing transcription of an alternative exon (J:21366).
Molecular Note		Insertion of an extra C residue in the polypyrimidine tract located upstream of an 18 bp alternative exon. This exon is missing in the transcripts encoded by this allele. The extra C residue is thought to either reduce use of the associated splice acceptor site or results in the inclusion of a 19 bp exon and cause a frameshift mutation. [MGI Ref ID J:21366]

Genotyping

Genotyping Information

This strain will not have a genotyping protocol or one is not currently available.

Helpful Links

Optimizing PCR Protocols

References

References

Additional References

Deol MS. 1967. The neural crest and the acoustic ganglion. J Embryol Exp Morphol 17(3):533-41. [PubMed: 6049665]  [MGI Ref ID J:5048]

Hodgkinson CA; Moore KJ; Nakayama A; Steingrimsson E; Copeland NG; Jenkins NA; Arnheiter H. 1993. Mutations at the mouse microphthalmia locus are associated with defects in a gene encoding a novel basic-helix-loop-helix-zipper protein. Cell 74(2):395-404. [PubMed: 8343963]  [MGI Ref ID J:13562]

Motohashi H; Hozawa K; Oshima T; Takeuchi T; Takasaka T. 1994. Dysgenesis of melanocytes and cochlear dysfunction in mutant microphthalmia (mi) mice. Hear Res 80(1):10-20. [PubMed: 7852195]  [MGI Ref ID J:21682]

Ogihara H; Morii E; Kim DK; Oboki K; Kitamura Y. 2001. Inhibitory effect of the transcription factor encoded by the mutant mi microphthalmia allele on transactivation of mouse mast cell protease 7 gene. Blood 97(3):645-51. [PubMed: 11157480]  [MGI Ref ID J:67218]

Raisz LG; Simmons HA; Gworek SC; Eilon G. 1977. Studies on congenital osteopetrosis in microphthalmic mice using organ cultures: impairment of bone resorption in response to physiologic stimulators. J Exp Med 145(4):857-65. [PubMed: 870607]  [MGI Ref ID J:5804]

Steingrimsson E; Moore KJ; Lamoreux ML; Ferre-D'Amare AR; Burley SK; Zimring DC; Skow LC; Hodgkinson CA; Arnheiter H; Copeland NG; Jenkins NA. 1994. Molecular basis of mouse microphthalmia (mi) mutations helps explain their developmental and phenotypic consequences [see comments] Nat Genet 8(3):256-63. [PubMed: 7874168]  [MGI Ref ID J:21366]

Tachibana M; Perez-Jurado LA; Nakayama A; Hodgkinson CA; Li X; Schneider M; Miki T; Fex J; Francke U; Arnheiter H. 1994. Cloning of MITF, the human homolog of the mouse microphthalmia gene and assignment to chromosome 3p14.1-p12.3. Hum Mol Genet 3(4):553-7. [PubMed: 8069297]  [MGI Ref ID J:17853]

Mitf^Mi-wh related

Beechey CV. 2004. A reassessment of imprinting regions and phenotypes on mouse chromosome 6: Nap1l5 locates within the currently defined sub-proximal imprinting region. Cytogenet Genome Res 107(1-2):108-14. [PubMed: 15305064]  [MGI Ref ID J:93134]

Boissy RE; Lamoreux ML. 1995. In vivo and in vitro morphological analysis of melanocytes homozygous for the misp allele at the murine microphthalmia locus. Pigment Cell Res 8(6):294-301. [PubMed: 8789737]  [MGI Ref ID J:31402]

Diwakar G; Zhang D; Jiang S; Hornyak TJ. 2008. Neurofibromin as a regulator of melanocyte development and differentiation. J Cell Sci 121(Pt 2):167-77. [PubMed: 18089649]  [MGI Ref ID J:130856]

Grobman AB; Charles DR. 1947. Mutant white mice. A new dominant autosomal mutant affecting coat color in Mus musculus. J Hered 38:381-384.  [MGI Ref ID J:13058]

Gruneberg H. 1953. The relations of microphthalmia and white in the mouse. J Genet 51:359-362.  [MGI Ref ID J:13042]

Hollander WF. 1968. Complementary alleles at the mi-locus in the mouse. Genetics 60:189.  [MGI Ref ID J:12967]

Ito A; Jippo T; Wakayama T; Morii E; Koma Y; Onda H; Nojima H; Iseki S; Kitamura Y. 2003. SgIGSF: a new mast-cell adhesion molecule used for attachment to fibroblasts and transcriptionally regulated by MITF. Blood 101(7):2601-8. [PubMed: 12456501]  [MGI Ref ID J:115530]

Jippo T; Morii E; Ito A; Kitamura Y. 2003. Effect of anatomical distribution of mast cells on their defense function against bacterial infections: demonstration using partially mast cell-deficient tg/tg mice. J Exp Med 197(11):1417-25. [PubMed: 12771178]  [MGI Ref ID J:83732]

Kim DK; Morii E; Ogihara H; Lee YM; Jippo T; Adachi S; Maeyama K; Kim HM; Kitamura Y. 1999. Different effect of various mutant MITF encoded by mi, Mior, or Miwh allele on phenotype of murine mast cells. Blood 93(12):4179-86. [PubMed: 10361115]  [MGI Ref ID J:55734]

Konyukhov BV; Kindyakov BN; Malinina NA. 1994. Effects of the white allele of the mi locus on coat pigmentation in chimeric mice. Genet Res 63(3):175-81. [PubMed: 8082834]  [MGI Ref ID J:19656]

Konyukhov BV; Osipov VV. 1968. Interallelic complementation of microphthalmia and white genes in mice. Sov Genet 4(11):1457-1465.  [MGI Ref ID J:12001]

Larsen M. 1966. Microphthalmia-brownish, Mi<b> Mouse News Lett 34:41.  [MGI Ref ID J:15061]

Moller A; Eysteinsson T; Steingrimsson E. 2004. Electroretinographic assessment of retinal function in microphthalmia mutant mice. Exp Eye Res 78(4):837-48. [PubMed: 15037118]  [MGI Ref ID J:88541]

Moore KJ; Swing DA; Copeland NG; Jenkins NA. 1990. Interaction of the murine dilute suppressor gene (dsu) with fourteen coat color mutations [published erratum appears in Genetics 1990 Sep;126(1):285] Genetics 125(2):421-30. [PubMed: 2379821]  [MGI Ref ID J:29467]

Munford RE. 1965. Mutation at mi locus Mouse News Lett 33:52.  [MGI Ref ID J:83501]

Nakayama A; Nguyen MT; Chen CC; Opdecamp K; Hodgkinson CA; Arnheiter H. 1998. Mutations in microphthalmia, the mouse homolog of the human deafness gene MITF, affect neuroepithelial and neural crest-derived melanocytes differently. Mech Dev 70(1-2):155-66. [PubMed: 9510032]  [MGI Ref ID J:46130]

Novak EK; Hui SW; Swank RT. 1984. Platelet storage pool deficiency in mouse pigment mutations associated with seven distinct genetic loci. Blood 63(3):536-44. [PubMed: 6696991]  [MGI Ref ID J:7327]

Packer SO. 1967. The eye and skeletal effects of two mutant alleles at the microphthalmia locus of Mus musculus. J Exp Zool 165(1):21-45. [PubMed: 4963367]  [MGI Ref ID J:5046]

Pratt BM. 1982. Site of gene action of the white allele (Miwh) of the microphthalmia locus: a dermal-epidermal recombination study. J Exp Zool 220(1):93-101. [PubMed: 7042901]  [MGI Ref ID J:6764]

Silvers WK. 1979. The Coat Colors of Mice; A Model for Mammalian Gene Action and Interaction. In: The Coat Colors of Mice. Springer-Verlag, New York.  [MGI Ref ID J:78801]

Steingrimsson E; Arnheiter H; Hallsson JH; Lamoreux ML; Copeland NG; Jenkins NA. 2003. Interallelic complementation at the mouse mitf locus. Genetics 163(1):267-76. [PubMed: 12586714]  [MGI Ref ID J:82600]

Steingrimsson E; Moore KJ; Lamoreux ML; Ferre-D'Amare AR; Burley SK; Zimring DC; Skow LC; Hodgkinson CA; Arnheiter H; Copeland NG; Jenkins NA. 1994. Molecular basis of mouse microphthalmia (mi) mutations helps explain their developmental and phenotypic consequences [see comments] Nat Genet 8(3):256-63. [PubMed: 7874168]  [MGI Ref ID J:21366]

Steingrimsson E; Tessarollo L; Pathak B; Hou L; Arnheiter H; Copeland NG; Jenkins NA. 2002. Mitf and Tfe3, two members of the Mitf-Tfe family of bHLH-Zip transcription factors, have important but functionally redundant roles in osteoclast development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99(7):4477-82. [PubMed: 11930005]  [MGI Ref ID J:89821]

Zanjani HS; Vogel MW; Martinou JC; Delhaye-Bouchaud N; Mariani J. 1998. Postnatal expression of Hu-bcl-2 gene in Lurcher mutant mice fails to rescue Purkinje cells but protects inferior olivary neurons from target-related cell death. J Neurosci 18(1):319-27. [PubMed: 9412510]  [MGI Ref ID J:119889]

Mitf^mi-sp related

Boissy RE; Lamoreux ML. 1995. In vivo and in vitro morphological analysis of melanocytes homozygous for the misp allele at the murine microphthalmia locus. Pigment Cell Res 8(6):294-301. [PubMed: 8789737]  [MGI Ref ID J:31402]

Moller A; Eysteinsson T; Steingrimsson E. 2004. Electroretinographic assessment of retinal function in microphthalmia mutant mice. Exp Eye Res 78(4):837-48. [PubMed: 15037118]  [MGI Ref ID J:88541]

Silvers WK. 1979. The Coat Colors of Mice; A Model for Mammalian Gene Action and Interaction. In: The Coat Colors of Mice. Springer-Verlag, New York.  [MGI Ref ID J:78801]

Steingrimsson E; Arnheiter H; Hallsson JH; Lamoreux ML; Copeland NG; Jenkins NA. 2003. Interallelic complementation at the mouse mitf locus. Genetics 163(1):267-76. [PubMed: 12586714]  [MGI Ref ID J:82600]

Steingrimsson E; Moore KJ; Lamoreux ML; Ferre-D'Amare AR; Burley SK; Zimring DC; Skow LC; Hodgkinson CA; Arnheiter H; Copeland NG; Jenkins NA. 1994. Molecular basis of mouse microphthalmia (mi) mutations helps explain their developmental and phenotypic consequences [see comments] Nat Genet 8(3):256-63. [PubMed: 7874168]  [MGI Ref ID J:21366]

Tshori S; Gilon D; Beeri R; Nechushtan H; Kaluzhny D; Pikarsky E; Razin E. 2006. Transcription factor MITF regulates cardiac growth and hypertrophy. J Clin Invest 116(10):2673-81. [PubMed: 16998588]  [MGI Ref ID J:114531]

Wolfe HG. 1962. Lama2 Mouse News Lett 26:36.  [MGI Ref ID J:30756]

Wolfe HG; Coleman DL. 1964. Mi-spotted: a mutation in the mouse. Genet Res 5:432-440.  [MGI Ref ID J:12946]

Health & husbandry

Health & Colony Maintenance Information

Currently there no information available for this strain. This may be due to the supply level of this strain.

Purchasing information

Pricing, Supply Level & Notes, Controls, General Terms & Conditions

Pricing

Supply Details

Standard Supply

Repository-Cryopreserved. Must Be Recovered. Please refer to pricing and supply notes for further information.

Supply Notes

Cryorecovery - Standard. The recovery process begins when a signed agreement form is returned to the Customer Service Department after order placement. Although results vary by strain, at least two males and two females (two pairs) will be provided, typically within 15 weeks of our receipt of the signed agreement form. If the first recovery attempt is unsuccessful or only one pair is recovered, a second recovery will be done, extending the delivery time to approximately 25 weeks. At least one member of each pair will be of known genotype and will carry the mutation if it is a mutant strain. Please note that pairs may not reflect the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation of the strain. Mating schemes are sometimes modified for successful cryopreservation. Price represents a repository maintenance fee, which includes the cost of recovery of the strain from the cryopreservation resource and the periodic replacement of the frozen embryos used for recovery. Cryorecovery to establish a Dedicated Supply for greater quantities of mice. One to two pairs will be recovered to establish a Dedicated Supply of mice. Price by quotation. For more information on Dedicated Supply, please contact JAX® Services, Tel: 1-800-422-6423 or 1-207-288-5845. Genomic DNA is available for this strain from the Mouse DNA Resource.

General Terms and Conditions

See Terms of Use

The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise

The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX^® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX^® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX^® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.

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“Each recipient institution, including its employees and other researchers under its control (RECIPIENT), of mice or services using mice from The Jackson Laboratory (TJL) agrees that such mice, descendants of those mice derived by inbreeding or crossbreeding, including unmodified derivatives of those mice or their descendants (“MICE”) shall not be: (i) used for any purpose other than the internal research of the RECIPIENT, (ii) sold or otherwise provided to any third party for any use, or (iii) provided to any agent or other third party to provide breeding or other services with respect to MICE. Acceptance of MICE from TJL shall be deemed agreement by RECIPIENT to these conditions, and departure from these conditions requires The Jackson Laboratory’s prior written authorization.”

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