| 
| ||||||||||||||
- Description
- Disease & phenotype
- Genes & alleles
- Genotyping
- Health & care
- References
- Pricing & purchasing
- Terms of use
Description
The genotypes of the animals provided may not reflect those discussed in the strain description or the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation. Please inquire for possible genotypes for this specific strain.
Strain Information
Type Mutant Stock; Spontaneous Mutation; Additional information on Genetically Engineered and Mutant Mice. Visit our online Nomenclature tutorial. Species laboratory mouse Generation N28 F1
Generation DefinitionsAppearance
black
Related Genotype: a/aDescription
Mice homozygous for the wasted spontaneous mutation (Eef1a2wst) can be recognized at 20 days of age by tremor and uncoordinated body movements. Homozygous mutant mice develop progressive paralysis and do not survive beyond 30 days. They have marked lymphoid hypoplasia in the spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, and peripheral blood. Wasted mice have a severely reduced number of IgA plasma cells in the entire large and small intestines, but the number of such cells in the spleen and the level of serum IgA are normal.Neuronal degeneration occurs in the brain and spinal cord. Spinal cord abnormalities are preceded by gliosis following along a rostrocaudal gradient. Thoracic/abdominal muscles exhibit a progressive denervation of muscle fibers, with progressive asynchronous retraction of motor nerve terminals. (Newbery HJ, et al. 2005)
Development
The wasted mutation arose spontaneously on the HRS/J background in 1972 and was subsequently maintained by breeding hosts of homozygous ovarian transplants to B6C3Fe-a/a F1 then intercrossing the heterozygous offspring. In 1987 heterozygotes at generation N28F1 were intercrossed to generate embryos for cryopreservation.
Control Information
| Control | ||
|---|---|---|
| Untyped from the colony | ||
| Considerations for Choosing Controls | ||
Related Strains
Strains carrying a allele
View Strains carrying a (102 strains)
Phenotype
Phenotype Information
- Potential model based on gene homology relationships. Phenotypic similarity to the human disease has not been tested. Skin/Hair/Eye Pigmentation, Variation In, 9; SHEP9 (ASIP)
assigned by genotype
Eef1a2wst/Eef1a2wst
B6C3Fe a/a-Eef1a2wst/J
- mortality/aging
- premature death
- average age of death is 28 days (MGI Ref ID J:24753)
- behavior/neurological phenotype
- paraparesis
- increasing flacidity of the hind legs and an overall debilitated appearance follow the onset of tremor at 20 days of age (MGI Ref ID J:24753)
- tremors
- fine intention tremor over the entire body is visible by approximately 20 days of age (MGI Ref ID J:24753)
- nervous system phenotype
- Purkinje cell degeneration
- evident by 22 to 29 days of age (MGI Ref ID J:6766)
- demyelination
- at 22 to 29 days of age focal demyelination is found in the ventral columns of the spinal cord and in the cerebellar cortex (MGI Ref ID J:6766)
- immune system phenotype
- decreased plasma cell number
- although the intestinal villi are normal in size, there is a progressive decline in gut IgA plasma cells and no detectable IgA plasma cells in the gut lamina propria and submucosae by 27 days of age (MGI Ref ID J:7903)
- decreased spleen weight
- consistent with lymphoid hypoplasia the ratio of spleen weight to body weight is less than half that of normal (MGI Ref ID J:6766)
- decreased susceptibility to type IV hypersensitivity reaction
- less footpad inflammation than heterozygous controls in response to injected sheep red blood cells 4 days after priming (MGI Ref ID J:6766)
- decreased thymus weight
- consistent with lymphoid hypoplasia the ratio of thymic weight to body weight is much smaller than normal (MGI Ref ID J:6766)
- lymphoid hypoplasia
- by 28 days of age homozygotes have a threefold diminution in the number of circulating leukocytes, decreased ratios of spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes to body weight, few and small Peyer's patches, reduction in cellularity of the thymic cortex, and poorly developed follicles in the lymph nodes and splee (MGI Ref ID J:6766)
- the percentages of T and B cells is normal with the lymphoid hypoplasia not being restricted to a lymphocyte subpopulation (MGI Ref ID J:6766)
- small lymph nodes
- consistent with lymphoid hypoplasia the ratio of brachial lymph node weight to body weight is much smaller than normal (MGI Ref ID J:6766)
- cellular phenotype
- chromosomal instability
- bone marrow cells from 23 to 28 day old homozygotes shows fourfold greater incidence of chromosomal damage, such as chromatid breaks, gaps, and fragments, than is found in heterozygous littermate controls (MGI Ref ID J:6766)
- increased cellular sensitivity to gamma-irradiation
- 2 of 2 homozygotes exposed to 220R from a cesium irradiator then treated with colchicine have chromosomal damage in 80% of 30 metaphase cells from bone marrow cell suspensions while controls have only monor damage in 30% of the cells scored (MGI Ref ID J:6766)
- growth/size phenotype
- slow postnatal weight gain
- no weight increase after 20 days of age (MGI Ref ID J:6766)
- weight loss
- at 24 days of age there is a sudden onset emaciated appearance from the ribs caudally (MGI Ref ID J:24753)
- hematopoietic system phenotype
- decreased plasma cell number
- although the intestinal villi are normal in size, there is a progressive decline in gut IgA plasma cells and no detectable IgA plasma cells in the gut lamina propria and submucosae by 27 days of age (MGI Ref ID J:7903)
- decreased spleen weight
- consistent with lymphoid hypoplasia the ratio of spleen weight to body weight is less than half that of normal (MGI Ref ID J:6766)
- decreased thymus weight
- consistent with lymphoid hypoplasia the ratio of thymic weight to body weight is much smaller than normal (MGI Ref ID J:6766)
The following phenotype information may relate to a genetic background differing from this JAX® Mice strain.
Eef1a2wst/Eef1a2wst
involves: HRS/J
- muscle phenotype
- abnormal muscle morphology
- by 20 days of age there is a decline in muscle mass and by 27 days of age the ratio of muscle to body weight is 1.49 compared with 4.44 in heterozygotes (MGI Ref ID J:104855)
- nervous system phenotype
- abnormal endplate potential
- at 23 days of age 20% of neuromuscular junctions in transverse abdominus muscles show weak synaptic transmission with random failures (MGI Ref ID J:104855)
- evoked endplate potentials in flexor digitorum brevis muscles do not show weak synaptic transmission until 25 days of age so there is progressive rostrocaudal deterioration in synaptic transmission (MGI Ref ID J:104855)
- abnormal motor neuron morphology
- in addition to vacuolation, an abnormal accumulation of phosphorylated neurofilaments is found in the motor neurons of the anterior horn of the cervical spinal cord (MGI Ref ID J:104855)
- motor neuron degeneration (MGI Ref ID J:104855)
- abnormal muscle innervation
- there is a rostrocaudal progressive retraction of motor nerve terminals (MGI Ref ID J:104855)
- abnormal neuromuscular synapse morphology
- as early as 17 days of age a small population of motor endplates is found to have no overlying motor nerve terminal, and this progresses such that by 27 days of age approximately 42% of endplates have no overlying motor nerve terminal (MGI Ref ID J:104855)
- abnormal neurotransmitter uptake
- FM1-43 and TRITC alpha bungarotoxin staining shows diminished uptake in a majority of endplates of transversus abdominus muscles from 25 day old homozygotes (MGI Ref ID J:104855)
- abnormal spinal cord ventral horn morphology
- at 28 days of age, but not 24 days of age, vacuolation is found in the anterior horn cells, but not at the lumbar level of the spinal cord (MGI Ref ID J:104855)
- decreased neurotransmitter release
- diminished spontaneous miniature endplate potentials in transversus abdominus muscles at 25 days of age (MGI Ref ID J:104855)
- gliosis
- although there is no evidence even at 29 days of age of microgliosis by CD45 staining, strong foci of GFAP staining in the anterior horn shows cervical, and to a lesser degree thoracic and lumbar, gliosis as early as 19 days of age (MGI Ref ID J:104855)
- behavior/neurological phenotype
- impaired coordination
- from 21 days of age on homozygotes are progressively less able to stay on a rotarod for as long as normal littermate controls (MGI Ref ID J:104855)
Eef1a2wst/Eef1a2wst
Background Not Specified
- hematopoietic system phenotype
- thymus atrophy
- at 27 days of age the thymus is less than half the normal diameter, has a substantial increase in the number of apoptotic cells, but near-normal proportions of thymocyte subpopulations (MGI Ref ID J:50410)
- immune system phenotype
- thymus atrophy
- at 27 days of age the thymus is less than half the normal diameter, has a substantial increase in the number of apoptotic cells, but near-normal proportions of thymocyte subpopulations (MGI Ref ID J:50410)
This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:Eef1a2wst related
Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
Immunodeficiency Associated with Other Defects
Internal/Organ Research
Lymphoid Tissue Defects
Spleen Defects
Neurobiology Research
Neuromuscular Defects
Genes & Alleles
Gene & Allele Information provided by MGI
| Allele Symbol | Eef1a2wst | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Allele Name | wasted | ||
| Allele Type | Spontaneous | ||
| Common Name(s) | wst; | ||
| Strain of Origin | HRS/J | ||
| Gene Symbol and Name | Eef1a2, eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2 | ||
| Chromosome | 2 | ||
| Gene Common Name(s) | EEF1AL; EF-1-alpha-2; EF1A; Eef1a; HS1; Ps10; RATPS10; S1; STN; STNL; wasted; wst; | ||
| General Note | The enzymatic specific activity of ADA (which takes into account the reduced tissue weights of wasted mice) is increased in the spleen and cerebellum but decreased in the thymus of these mutants (J:12932). Wasted mutant mice have marked lymphoid hypoplasia in the spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, and peripheral blood. Wasted mice show some similarities to human ataxia telangiectasia (AT; MIM 208900; human gene, ATM; mouse gene, Atm) (J:6766), but there are also numerous differences. But the mutant mice lack the increased sensitivity of spleen cells to killing by ultraviolet radiation (J:20567), the increased sensitivity of cultured fibroblasts to killing by X or gamma radiation (J:8348, J:13960), and the increased post-irradiation inhibition of DNA synthesis (J:7561) characteristic of AT. In addition, the immunological defects of wasted mice differ considerably from those in human AT (J:8288). Wasted mice have a severely reduced number of IgA plasma cells in the entire large and small intestine, but the levelof such cells in spleen and the level of serum IgA are normal (J:7903). The mutants also show an extensive cytokine imbalance of many immunologically relevant gene products (IL5, IL1, IL2, IFNG, and TGFB1) which may trigger the wasted pathogenesis (J:19431). The overlapping similarities between AT and wasted, however, have suggested the possibility that Eef1a2 and Atm may be involved in a common pathway, such as a signal-transduction pathway that regulates protein synthesis (J:48050). In fact Eef1a2ws mice show abnormal expression of the proliferating cellular nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the thymus (J:37955). | ||
| Molecular Note | The mutation is a 15.8kb deletion that removes the promoter region and first noncoding exon of the gene. [MGI Ref ID J:47466] | ||
| Allele Symbol | a | ||
| Allele Name | nonagouti | ||
| Allele Type | Spontaneous | ||
| Strain of Origin | old mutant of the mouse fancy | ||
| Gene Symbol and Name | a, nonagouti | ||
| Chromosome | 2 | ||
| Gene Common Name(s) | AGSW; AGTI; AGTIL; ASP; As; SHEP9; agouti; agouti signal protein; agouti suppressor; | ||
| Molecular Note | Characterization of this allele shows an insertion of DNA comprised of a 5.5kb virus-like element, VL30, into the first intron of the agouti gene. The VL30 element itself contains an additional 5.5 kb sequence, flanked by 526 bp of direct repeats. The host integration site is the same as for at-2Gso and Aw-38J and includes a duplication of four nucleotides of host DNA and a deletion of 2 bp from the end of each repeat. Northern analysis of mRNA from skin of homozygotes shows a smaller agouti message and levels 8 fold lower than found in wild-type. [MGI Ref ID J:16984] [MGI Ref ID J:24934] | ||
Genotyping
Genotyping Information
Genotyping Protocols
Eef1a2wst, Separated PCR
Helpful Links
Genotyping resources and troubleshooting
References
References provided by MGI
Additional References
Kaiserlian D; Delacroix D; Bach JF. 1985. The wasted mutant mouse. I. An animal model of secretory IgA deficiency with normal serum IgA. J Immunol 135(2):1126-31. [PubMed: 3874230] [MGI Ref ID J:7903]
Pan J; Ruest LB; Xu S; Wang E. 2004. Immuno-characterization of the switch of peptide elongation factors eEF1A-1/EF-1alpha and eEF1A-2/S1 in the central nervous system during mouse development. Brain Res Dev Brain Res 149(1):1-8. [PubMed: 15013623] [MGI Ref ID J:88820]
Shultz LD; Sweet HO; Davisson MT; Coman DR. 1982. 'Wasted', a new mutant of the mouse with abnormalities characteristic to ataxia telangiectasia. Nature 297(5865):402-4. [PubMed: 7078649] [MGI Ref ID J:6766]
Eef1a2wst relateda relatedAbbott CM; Skidmore CJ; Searle AG; Peters J. 1986. Deficiency of adenosine deaminase in the wasted mouse. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 83(3):693-5. [PubMed: 3456164] [MGI Ref ID J:8181]
Chambers DM; Peters J; Abbott CM. 1998. The lethal mutation of the mouse wasted (wst) is a deletion that abolishes expression of a tissue-specific isoform of translation elongation factor 1alpha, encoded by the Eef1a2 gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95(8):4463-8. [PubMed: 9539760] [MGI Ref ID J:47466]
Geiger JD; Nagy JI. 1986. Lack of adenosine deaminase deficiency in the mutant mouse wasted. FEBS Lett 208(2):431-4. [PubMed: 3780980] [MGI Ref ID J:12932]
Griffiths LA; Doig J; Churchhouse AM; Davies FC; Squires CE; Newbery HJ; Abbott CM. 2012. Haploinsufficiency for translation elongation factor eEF1A2 in aged mouse muscle and neurons is compatible with normal function. PLoS One 7(7):e41917. [PubMed: 22848658] [MGI Ref ID J:189690]
Hafezparast M; Fisher E. 1998. Wasted by an elongation factor. Trends Genet 14(6):215-7. [PubMed: 9635401] [MGI Ref ID J:48050]
Inoue T; Aikawa K; Tezuka H; Kada T; Shultz LD. 1986. Effect of DNA-damaging agents on isolated spleen cells and lung fibroblasts from the mouse mutant wasted, a putative animal model for ataxia-telangiectasia. Cancer Res 46(8):3979-82. [PubMed: 2425937] [MGI Ref ID J:8348]
Kaiserlian D; Delacroix D; Bach JF. 1985. The wasted mutant mouse. I. An animal model of secretory IgA deficiency with normal serum IgA. J Immunol 135(2):1126-31. [PubMed: 3874230] [MGI Ref ID J:7903]
Kaiserlian D; Savino W; Uriel J; Hassid J; Dardenne M; Bach JF. 1986. The wasted mutant mouse. II. Immunological abnormalities in a mouse described as a model of ataxia-telangiectasia. Clin Exp Immunol 63(3):562-9. [PubMed: 2423278] [MGI Ref ID J:8288]
Khalyfa A; Bourbeau D; Chen E; Petroulakis E; Pan J; Xu S; Wang E. 2001. Characterization of elongation factor-1A (eEF1A-1) and eEF1A-2/S1 protein expression in normal and wasted mice. J Biol Chem 276(25):22915-22. [PubMed: 11294870] [MGI Ref ID J:70131]
Lee S; Ann DK; Wang E. 1994. Cloning of human and mouse brain cDNAs coding for S1, the second member of the mammalian elongation factor-1 alpha gene family: analysis of a possible evolutionary pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 203(3):1371-7. [PubMed: 7945283] [MGI Ref ID J:20567]
Libertin CR; Ling-Indeck L; Padilla M; Woloschak GE. 1994. Cytokine and T-cell subset abnormalities in immunodeficient wasted mice. Mol Immunol 31(10):753-9. [PubMed: 8035837] [MGI Ref ID J:19431]
Luo C; Copeland NG; Jenkins NA; Edelhoff S; Disteche C; Hogan PG; Rao A. 1996. Normal function of the transcription factor NFAT1 in wasted mice. Chromosome localization of NFAT1 gene. Gene 180(1-2):29-36. [PubMed: 8973343] [MGI Ref ID J:37134]
Newbery HJ; Gillingwater TH; Dharmasaroja P; Peters J; Wharton SB; Thomson D; Ribchester RR; Abbott CM. 2005. Progressive loss of motor neuron function in wasted mice: effects of a spontaneous null mutation in the gene for the eEF1 A2 translation factor. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 64(4):295-303. [PubMed: 15835265] [MGI Ref ID J:104855]
Newbery HJ; Loh DH; O'Donoghue JE; Tomlinson VA; Chau YY; Boyd JA; Bergmann JH; Brownstein D; Abbott CM. 2007. Translation elongation factor eEF1A2 is essential for post-weaning survival in mice. J Biol Chem 282(39):28951-9. [PubMed: 17640869] [MGI Ref ID J:125352]
Nordeen SK; Schaefer VG; Edgell MH; Hutchison CA 3rd; Shultz LD; Swift M. 1984. Evaluations of wasted mouse fibroblasts and SV-40 transformed human fibroblasts as models of ataxia telangiectasia in vitro. Mutat Res 140(4):219-22. [PubMed: 6206393] [MGI Ref ID J:7561]
Potter M; Bernstein A; Lee JM. 1998. The wst gene regulates multiple forms of thymocyte apoptosis. Cell Immunol 188(2):111-7. [PubMed: 9756641] [MGI Ref ID J:50410]
Shultz LD; Sweet HO; Davisson MT; Coman DR. 1982. 'Wasted', a new mutant of the mouse with abnormalities characteristic to ataxia telangiectasia. Nature 297(5865):402-4. [PubMed: 7078649] [MGI Ref ID J:6766]
Sweet HO. 1981. Wasted (wst) Mouse News Lett 65:27. [MGI Ref ID J:24753]
Tezuka H; Inoue T; Noguti T; Kada T; Shultz LD. 1986. Evaluation of the mouse mutant wasted as an animal model for ataxia telangiectasia. I. Age-dependent and tissue-specific effects. Mutat Res 161(1):83-90. [PubMed: 3702898] [MGI Ref ID J:8276]
Thacker J; Masson W. 1984. Radiation sensitivity of cells cultured from 'wasted` mice Mouse News Lett 70:80. [MGI Ref ID J:13960]
Woloschak GE; Paunesku T; Libertin CR; Chang-Liu CM; Churchill M; Panozzo J; Grdina D; Gemmell MA; Giometti C. 1996. Regulation of thymus PCNA expression is altered in radiation-sensitive wasted mice. Carcinogenesis 17(11):2357-65. [PubMed: 8968049] [MGI Ref ID J:37955]
van Buul PP; Tuinenburg-Bol Raap A; Goudzwaard HJ; Seelen CM; Beechey CV; Natarajan AT; Searle AG. 1991. Cytogenetic characterization of radiosensitive mouse mutants. Mutat Res 251(2):171-9. [PubMed: 1720867] [MGI Ref ID J:4646]
Baba K; Sakakibara S; Setsu T; Terashima T. 2007. The superficial layers of the superior colliculus are cytoarchitectually and myeloarchitectually disorganized in the reelin-deficient mouse, reeler. Brain Res 1140:205-15. [PubMed: 17173877] [MGI Ref ID J:120267]
Batchelor AL; Phillips RJ; Searle AG. 1966. A comparison of the mutagenic effectiveness of chronic neutron- and gamma-irradiation of mouse spermatogonia. Mutat Res 3(3):218-29. [PubMed: 5962396] [MGI Ref ID J:5021]
Bjorbaek C; Elmquist JK; Frantz JD; Shoelson SE; Flier JS. 1998. Identification of SOCS-3 as a potential mediator of central leptin resistance. Mol Cell 1(4):619-25. [PubMed: 9660946] [MGI Ref ID J:119803]
Bultman SJ; Klebig ML; Michaud EJ; Sweet HO; Davisson MT; Woychik RP. 1994. Molecular analysis of reverse mutations from nonagouti (a) to black-and-tan (a(t)) and white-bellied agouti (Aw) reveals alternative forms of agouti transcripts. Genes Dev 8(4):481-90. [PubMed: 8125260] [MGI Ref ID J:16984]
Bultman SJ; Michaud EJ; Woychik RP. 1992. Molecular characterization of the mouse agouti locus. Cell 71(7):1195-204. [PubMed: 1473152] [MGI Ref ID J:3523]
Bultman SJ; Russell LB; Gutierrez-Espeleta GA; Woychik RP. 1991. Molecular characterization of a region of DNA associated with mutations at the agouti locus in the mouse. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88(18):8062-6. [PubMed: 1896452] [MGI Ref ID J:16567]
Bundschuh VG; Madry M. 1988. [atwp mutation in an albino mouse substrain (AB/Hum-1)] Z Versuchstierkd 31(6):249-54. [PubMed: 3227730] [MGI Ref ID J:16568]
Butler AE; Janson J; Soeller WC; Butler PC. 2003. Increased beta-cell apoptosis prevents adaptive increase in beta-cell mass in mouse model of type 2 diabetes: evidence for role of islet amyloid formation rather than direct action of amyloid. Diabetes 52(9):2304-14. [PubMed: 12941770] [MGI Ref ID J:132530]
Cattanach BM. 1961. A chemically-induced variegated-type position effect in the mouse. Z Vererbungsl 92:165-82. [PubMed: 13877379] [MGI Ref ID J:160128]
Cropley JE; Suter CM; Beckman KB; Martin DI. 2006. Germ-line epigenetic modification of the murine A vy allele by nutritional supplementation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103(46):17308-12. [PubMed: 17101998] [MGI Ref ID J:117156]
De Souza J; Butler AA; Cone RD. 2000. Disproportionate inhibition of feeding in A(y) mice by certain stressors: a cautionary note. Neuroendocrinology 72(2):126-32. [PubMed: 10971147] [MGI Ref ID J:102986]
Dickie MM. 1969. Mutations at the agouti locus in the mouse. J Hered 60(1):20-5. [PubMed: 5798139] [MGI Ref ID J:30922]
Duchesnes CE; Naggert JK; Tatnell MA; Beckman N; Marnane RN; Rodrigues JA; Halim A; Pontre B; Stewart AW; Wolff GL; Elliott R; Mountjoy KG. 2009. New Zealand Ginger Mouse: Novel model that associates the tyrp1b pigmentation gene locus with regulation of lean body mass. Physiol Genomics 37(3):164-74. [PubMed: 19293329] [MGI Ref ID J:146052]
Dunn LC. 1928. A Fifth Allelomorph in the Agouti Series of the House Mouse. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 14(10):816-9. [PubMed: 16587414] [MGI Ref ID J:15011]
Dunn LC. 1945. A New Eye Color Mutant in the Mouse with Asymmetrical Expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 31(11):343-6. [PubMed: 16578176] [MGI Ref ID J:13122]
Dunn LC; Macdowell EC; Lebedeff GA. 1937. Studies on Spotting Patterns III. Interaction between Genes Affecting White Spotting and Those Affecting Color in the House Mouse. Genetics 22(2):307-18. [PubMed: 17246842] [MGI Ref ID J:12954]
Enshell-Seijffers D; Lindon C; Morgan BA. 2008. The serine protease Corin is a novel modifier of the Agouti pathway. Development 135(2):217-25. [PubMed: 18057101] [MGI Ref ID J:130426]
Feuerer M; Herrero L; Cipolletta D; Naaz A; Wong J; Nayer A; Lee J; Goldfine AB; Benoist C; Shoelson S; Mathis D. 2009. Lean, but not obese, fat is enriched for a unique population of regulatory T cells that affect metabolic parameters. Nat Med 15(8):930-9. [PubMed: 19633656] [MGI Ref ID J:152186]
Fujimoto W; Shiuchi T; Miki T; Minokoshi Y; Takahashi Y; Takeuchi A; Kimura K; Saito M; Iwanaga T; Seino S. 2007. Dmbx1 is essential in agouti-related protein action. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104(39):15514-9. [PubMed: 17873059] [MGI Ref ID J:125193]
Gajewska M; Krysiak E; Wirth-Dziecialowska E. 2010. New coat color mutation mapped in distal part MMU10 MGI Direct Data Submission :. [MGI Ref ID J:162146]
Galbraith DB; Arceci RJ. 1974. Melanocyte populations of yellow and black hair bulbs in the mouse. J Hered 65(6):381-2. [PubMed: 4448905] [MGI Ref ID J:5512]
Galbraith DB; Patrignani AM. 1976. Sulfhydryl compounds in melanocytes of yellow (Ay/a), nonagouti (a/a), and agouti (A/A) mice. Genetics 84(3):587-91. [PubMed: 1001879] [MGI Ref ID J:5737]
Galbraith DB; Wolff GL; Brewer NL. 1980. Hair pigment patterns in different integumental environments of the mouse. Influence of the agouti suppressor (A<s>) mutation on expression of agouti locus alleles. J Hered 71:229-234. [MGI Ref ID J:12033]
Galbraith DB; Wolff GL; Brewer NL. 1979. Tissue microenvironment and the genetic control of hair pigment patterns in mice Dev Genet 1(2):167-179. [MGI Ref ID J:156092]
Geschwind II; Huseby RA; Nishioka R. 1972. The effect of melanocyte-stimulating hormone on coat color in the mouse. Recent Prog Horm Res 28:91-130. [PubMed: 4631622] [MGI Ref ID J:5324]
Granholm DE; Reese RN; Granholm NH. 1996. Agouti alleles alter cysteine and glutathione concentrations in hair follicles and serum of mice (A y/a, A wJ/A wJ, and a/a). J Invest Dermatol 106(3):559-63. [PubMed: 8648194] [MGI Ref ID J:32132]
Gruneberg H. 1952. . In: The Genetics of the Mouse. Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague. [MGI Ref ID J:30758]
Heaney JD; Michelson MV; Youngren KK; Lam MY; Nadeau JH. 2009. Deletion of eIF2beta suppresses testicular cancer incidence and causes recessive lethality in agouti-yellow mice. Hum Mol Genet 18(8):1395-404. [PubMed: 19168544] [MGI Ref ID J:146879]
Hearing VJ; Phillips P; Lutzner MA. 1973. The fine structure of melanogenesis in coat color mutants of the mouse. J Ultrastruct Res 43(1):88-106. [PubMed: 4634048] [MGI Ref ID J:5346]
Hustad CM; Perry WL; Siracusa LD; Rasberry C; Cobb L; Cattanach BM; Kovatch R; Copeland NG; Jenkins NA. 1995. Molecular genetic characterization of six recessive viable alleles of the mouse agouti locus. Genetics 140(1):255-65. [PubMed: 7635290] [MGI Ref ID J:24934]
Iwatsuka H; Shino A; Suzuoki Z. 1970. General survey of diabetic features of yellow KK mice. Endocrinol Jpn 17(1):23-35. [PubMed: 5468422] [MGI Ref ID J:26460]
Jackson IJ; Budd PS; Keighren M; McKie L. 2007. Humanized MC1R transgenic mice reveal human specific receptor function. Hum Mol Genet 16(19):2341-8. [PubMed: 17652101] [MGI Ref ID J:129904]
Kaelin CB; Xu X; Hong LZ; David VA; McGowan KA; Schmidt-Kuntzel A; Roelke ME; Pino J; Pontius J; Cooper GM; Manuel H; Swanson WF; Marker L; Harper CK; van Dyk A; Yue B; Mullikin JC; Warren WC; Eizirik E; Kos L; O'Brien SJ; Barsh GS; Menotti-Raymond M. 2012. Specifying and sustaining pigmentation patterns in domestic and wild cats. Science 337(6101):1536-41. [PubMed: 22997338] [MGI Ref ID J:188277]
Kaminen-Ahola N; Ahola A; Maga M; Mallitt KA; Fahey P; Cox TC; Whitelaw E; Chong S. 2010. Maternal ethanol consumption alters the epigenotype and the phenotype of offspring in a mouse model. PLoS Genet 6(1):e1000811. [PubMed: 20084100] [MGI Ref ID J:156866]
Kappenman KE; Dvoracek MA; Harvison GA; Fuller BB; Granholm NH. 1992. Tyrosinase abundance and activity in murine hairbulb melanocytes of agouti mutants (C57BL/6J-a/a, Ay/a, and AwJ/AwJ). Pigment Cell Res Suppl 2:79-83. [PubMed: 1409442] [MGI Ref ID J:1295]
Knisely AS; Gasser DL; Silvers WK. 1975. Expression in organ culture of agouti locus genes of the mouse. Genetics 79(3):471-5. [PubMed: 1126628] [MGI Ref ID J:5533]
Lamoreux ML; Wakamatsu K; Ito S. 2001. Interaction of major coat color gene functions in mice as studied by chemical analysis of eumelanin and pheomelanin. Pigment Cell Res 14(1):23-31. [PubMed: 11277491] [MGI Ref ID J:103803]
Lane PW. 1989. Mottled agouti-J (am-J) Mouse News Lett 84:89. [MGI Ref ID J:16570]
Leamy LJ; Hrubant HE. 1971. Effects of alleles at the agouti locus on odontometric traits in the C57BL-6 strain of house mice. Genetics 67(1):87-96. [PubMed: 5556294] [MGI Ref ID J:16571]
Loosli R. 1963. Tanoid--a new agouti mutant in the mouse. J Hered 54:26-29. [MGI Ref ID J:13082]
Markert CL; Silvers WK. 1956. The Effects of Genotype and Cell Environment on Melanoblast Differentiation in the House Mouse. Genetics 41(3):429-50. [PubMed: 17247639] [MGI Ref ID J:12970]
Martin NM; Houston PA; Patterson M; Sajedi A; Carmignac DF; Ghatei MA; Bloom SR; Small CJ. 2006. Abnormalities of the somatotrophic axis in the obese agouti mouse. Int J Obes (Lond) 30(3):430-8. [PubMed: 16172617] [MGI Ref ID J:151302]
Martinez HG; Quinones MP; Jimenez F; Estrada CA; Clark K; Muscogiuri G; Sorice G; Musi N; Reddick RL; Ahuja SS. 2011. Critical role of chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2) in the KKAy + Apoe -/- mouse model of the metabolic syndrome. Diabetologia 54(10):2660-8. [PubMed: 21779871] [MGI Ref ID J:177084]
Mayer TC; Fishbane JL. 1972. Mesoderm-ectoderm interaction in the production of the agouti pigmentation pattern in mice. Genetics 71(2):297-303. [PubMed: 4558326] [MGI Ref ID J:5288]
Miller MW; Duhl DM; Vrieling H; Cordes SP; Ollmann MM; Winkes BM; Barsh GS. 1993. Cloning of the mouse agouti gene predicts a secreted protein ubiquitously expressed in mice carrying the lethal yellow mutation. Genes Dev 7(3):454-67. [PubMed: 8449404] [MGI Ref ID J:4186]
Miyazaki M; Sampath H; Liu X; Flowers MT; Chu K; Dobrzyn A; Ntambi JM. 2009. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 deficiency attenuates obesity and insulin resistance in leptin-resistant obese mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 380(4):818-22. [PubMed: 19338759] [MGI Ref ID J:147343]
Monroe DG; Wipf LP; Diggins MR; Matthees DP; Granholm NH. 1998. Agouti-related maturation and tissue distribution of alpha-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone in wild-type (AwJ/AwJ) and mutant (Ay/a,a/a) mice. Pigment Cell Res 11(5):310-3. [PubMed: 9877102] [MGI Ref ID J:52183]
Moore KJ; Swing DA; Copeland NG; Jenkins NA. 1990. Interaction of the murine dilute suppressor gene (dsu) with fourteen coat color mutations [published erratum appears in Genetics 1990 Sep;126(1):285] Genetics 125(2):421-30. [PubMed: 2379821] [MGI Ref ID J:29467]
Moyer FH. 1966. Genetic variations in the fine structure and ontogeny of mouse melanin granules. Am Zool 6(1):43-66. [PubMed: 5902512] [MGI Ref ID J:5001]
Novak EK; Wieland F; Jahreis GP; Swank RT. 1980. Altered secretion of kidney lysosomal enzymes in the mouse pigment mutants ruby-eye, ruby-eye-2-J, and maroon. Biochem Genet 18(5-6):549-61. [PubMed: 6776948] [MGI Ref ID J:6422]
Nuotio-Antar AM; Hachey DL; Hasty AH. 2007. Carbenoxolone treatment attenuates symptoms of metabolic syndrome and atherogenesis in obese, hyperlipidemic mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 293(6):E1517-28. [PubMed: 17878220] [MGI Ref ID J:145108]
Pettitt SJ; Liang Q; Rairdan XY; Moran JL; Prosser HM; Beier DR; Lloyd KC; Bradley A; Skarnes WC. 2009. Agouti C57BL/6N embryonic stem cells for mouse genetic resources. Nat Methods :. [PubMed: 19525957] [MGI Ref ID J:149352]
Poole TW. 1975. Dermal-epidermal interactions and the action of alleles at the agouti locus in the mouse. Dev Biol 42(2):203-10. [PubMed: 1090472] [MGI Ref ID J:5519]
Poole TW. 1982. The agouti suppressor (As) coat color mutation in mice: developmental effects on the expression of agouti locus alleles. J Exp Zool 220(1):57-64. [PubMed: 7077265] [MGI Ref ID J:6763]
Quevedo WC Jr.; Chase HB. 1958. An analysis of the light mutation of coat color in mice. J Morphol 102:329-345. [MGI Ref ID J:13094]
Quevedo WC Jr; Holstein TJ. 1992. The shift from physiological genetics to molecular genetics in the study of mouse tyrosinase. Pigment Cell Res Suppl 2:57-60. [PubMed: 1409439] [MGI Ref ID J:3852]
RUSSELL ES. 1949. A quantitative histological study of the pigment found in the coat-color mutants of the house mouse; interdependence among the variable granule attributes. Genetics 34(2):133-45. [PubMed: 18117146] [MGI Ref ID J:148461]
Rakyan VK; Chong S; Champ ME; Cuthbert PC; Morgan HD; Luu KV; Whitelaw E. 2003. Transgenerational inheritance of epigenetic states at the murine Axin(Fu) allele occurs after maternal and paternal transmission. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100(5):2538-43. [PubMed: 12601169] [MGI Ref ID J:82396]
Rice RH; Bradshaw KM; Durbin-Johnson BP; Rocke DM; Eigenheer RA; Phinney BS; Sundberg JP. 2012. Differentiating inbred mouse strains from each other and those with single gene mutations using hair proteomics. PLoS One 7(12):e51956. [PubMed: 23251662] [MGI Ref ID J:195664]
Rosenfeld CS; Sieli PT; Warzak DA; Ellersieck MR; Pennington KA; Roberts RM. 2013. Maternal exposure to bisphenol A and genistein has minimal effect on A(vy)/a offspring coat color but favors birth of agouti over nonagouti mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110(2):537-42. [PubMed: 23267115] [MGI Ref ID J:193279]
Russell ES. 1948. A Quantitative Histological Study of the Pigment Found in the Coat Color Mutants of the House Mouse. II. Estimates of the Total Volume of Pigment. Genetics 33(3):228-36. [PubMed: 17247280] [MGI Ref ID J:148462]
Russell ES. 1946. A Quantitative Histological Study of the Pigment Found in the Coat-Color Mutants of the House Mouse. I. Variable Attributes of the Pigment Granules. Genetics 31(3):327-46. [PubMed: 17247200] [MGI Ref ID J:148463]
Russell ES. 1949. A Quantitative Histological Study of the Pigment Found in the Coat-Color Mutants of the House Mouse. IV. the Nature of the Effects of Genic Substitution in Five Major Allelic Series. Genetics 34(2):146-66. [PubMed: 17247308] [MGI Ref ID J:12958]
Russell LB. 1964. Genetic and Functional Mosaicism in the Mouse. In: The Role of the Chromosomes in Development. Academic Press, New York. [MGI Ref ID J:29504]
Russell LB; Cupp McDaniel MN; Woodiel FN,. 1963. Crossing over within the a "locus" of the mouse Genetics 48:907 Abstr. [MGI Ref ID J:174047]
SILVERS WK. 1958. An experimental approach to action of genes at the agouti locus in the mouse. III. Transplants of newborn Aw-, A-and at-skin to Ay-, Aw-, A-and aa hosts. J Exp Zool 137(1):189-96. [PubMed: 13563791] [MGI Ref ID J:13013]
Sakurai T; Ochiai H; Takeuchi T. 1975. Ultrastructural change of melanosomes associated with agouti pattern formation in mouse hair. Dev Biol 47(2):466-71. [PubMed: 1204945] [MGI Ref ID J:5606]
Silvers WK. 1979. The Coat Colors of Mice; A Model for Mammalian Gene Action and Interaction. In: The Coat Colors of Mice. Springer-Verlag, New York. [MGI Ref ID J:78801]
Soeller WC; Janson J; Hart SE; Parker JC; Carty MD; Stevenson RW; Kreutter DK; Butler PC. 1998. Islet amyloid-associated diabetes in obese A(vy)/a mice expressing human islet amyloid polypeptide. Diabetes 47(5):743-50. [PubMed: 9588445] [MGI Ref ID J:133694]
Suto J. 2008. Coincidence of loci for glucosuria and obesity in type 2 diabetes-prone KK-Ay mice. Med Sci Monit 14(2):CR65-74. [PubMed: 18227763] [MGI Ref ID J:131439]
Suto J. 2009. Identification of multiple quantitative trait loci affecting the size and shape of the mandible in mice. Mamm Genome 20(1):1-13. [PubMed: 19067046] [MGI Ref ID J:143893]
Suto J; Matsuura S; Imamura K; Yamanaka H; Sekikawa K. 1998. Genetics of obesity in KK mouse and effects of A(y) allele on quantitative regulation. Mamm Genome 9(7):506-10. [PubMed: 9657845] [MGI Ref ID J:48704]
Suwa A; Yoshino M; Yamazaki C; Naitou M; Fujikawa R; Matsumoto S; Kurama T; Shimokawa T; Aramori I. 2010. RMI1 deficiency in mice protects from diet and genetic-induced obesity. FEBS J 277(3):677-86. [PubMed: 20050919] [MGI Ref ID J:168271]
Sweet SE; Quevedo WC Jr. 1968. Role of melanocyte morphology in pigmentation of mouse hair. Anat Rec 162(2):243-54. [PubMed: 5726144] [MGI Ref ID J:5095]
Tamate HB; Takeuchi T. 1981. Induction of the shift in melanin synthesis in lethal yellow (A<y>/a) mice in vitro. Dev Genet 2:349-356. [MGI Ref ID J:11956]
Tanaka S; Kuwahara S; Nishijima K; Ohno T; Matsuzawa A. 2006. Genetic association of mutation at agouti locus with adrenal x zone morphology in BALB/c mice. Exp Anim 55(4):343-7. [PubMed: 16880681] [MGI Ref ID J:111619]
Tanaka S; Nishimura M; Matsuzawa A. 1994. Genetic association between agouti locus and adrenal X zone morphology in SM/J mice. Acta Anat (Basel) 149(3):170-3. [PubMed: 7976166] [MGI Ref ID J:19308]
The Jackson Laboratory Office of Genetic Resources. 1983. Registry of Remutation at The Jackson Laboratory, 1983-1984 MGI Direct Data Submission :. [MGI Ref ID J:79402]
The Jackson Laboratory Office of Genetic Resourses. 1979. Registry of Remutations at The Jackson Laboratory, 1979-1980 MGI Direct Data Submission :. [MGI Ref ID J:78474]
The Mammalian Genetics Unit at Harwell. 2004. Information obtained from the Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council (MRC), Harwell, UK Unpublished :. [MGI Ref ID J:90559]
Tsuruta Y; Yoshimatsu H; Hidaka S; Kondou S; Okamoto K; Sakata T. 2002. Hyperleptinemia in A(y)/a mice upregulates arcuate cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript expression. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 282(4):E967-73. [PubMed: 11882520] [MGI Ref ID J:75872]
Vrieling H; Duhl DM; Millar SE; Miller KA; Barsh GS. 1994. Differences in dorsal and ventral pigmentation result from regional expression of the mouse agouti gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91(12):5667-71. [PubMed: 8202545] [MGI Ref ID J:18750]
Wolff GL. 1978. Influence of maternal phenotype on metabolic differentiation of agouti locus mutants in the mouse. Genetics 88(3):529-39. [PubMed: 640377] [MGI Ref ID J:5964]
Woychik RP; Generoso WM; Russell LB; Cain KT; Cacheiro NL; Bultman SJ; Selby PB; Dickinson ME; Hogan BL; Rutledge JC. 1990. Molecular and genetic characterization of a radiation-induced structural rearrangement in mouse chromosome 2 causing mutations at the limb deformity and agouti loci. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 87(7):2588-92. [PubMed: 2320577] [MGI Ref ID J:10399]
Wu Q; Howell MP; Cowley MA; Palmiter RD. 2008. Starvation after AgRP neuron ablation is independent of melanocortin signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105(7):2687-92. [PubMed: 18272480] [MGI Ref ID J:132184]
Health & husbandry
Health & Colony Maintenance Information
Animal Health Reports
Production of mice from cryopreserved embryos or sperm occurs in a maximum barrier room, G200.
Pricing and Purchasing
Pricing, Supply Level & Notes, Controls
| Pricing for USA, Canada and Mexico shipping destinations |
|
Cryopreserved
Cryopreserved Mice - Ready for Recovery
Animals Provided
Price (US dollars $) Cryorecovery* $3175.00 At least two mice that carry the mutation (if it is a mutant strain) will be provided. Their genotypes may not reflect those discussed in the strain description. Please inquire for possible genotypes and see additional details below.
Standard Supply
Cryopreserved. Ready for recovery. Please refer to pricing and supply notes on the strain data sheet for further information.
Supply Notes
Cryorecovery - Standard.
Progeny testing is not required.
The average number of mice provided from recovery of our cryopreserved strains is 10. The total number of animals provided, their gender and genotype will vary. We will fulfill your order by providing at least two pair of mice, at least one animal of each pair carrying the mutation of interest. Please inquire if larger numbers of animals with specific genotype and genders are needed. Animals typically ship between 11 and 14 weeks from the date of your order. If a second cryorecovery is needed in order to provide the minimum number of animals, animals will ship within 25 weeks. IMPORTANT NOTE: The genotypes of animals provided may not reflect the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation, or that discussed in the strain description. Please inquire about possible genotypes which will be recovered for this specific strain. The Jackson Laboratory cannot guarantee the reproductive success of mice shipped to your facility. If the mice are lost after the first three days (post-arrival) or do not produce progeny at your facility, a new order and fee will be necessary.Cryorecovery to establish a Dedicated Supply for greater quantities of mice
Mice recovered can be used to establish a dedicated colony to contractually supply you mice according to your requirements. Price by quotation. For more information on Dedicated Supply, please contact JAX® Services, Tel: 1-800-422-6423 (from U.S.A., Canada or Puerto Rico only) or 1-207-288-5845 (from any location).
| Pricing for International shipping destinations |
|
Cryopreserved
Cryopreserved Mice - Ready for Recovery
Animals Provided
Price (US dollars $) Cryorecovery* $4127.50 At least two mice that carry the mutation (if it is a mutant strain) will be provided. Their genotypes may not reflect those discussed in the strain description. Please inquire for possible genotypes and see additional details below.
Standard Supply
Cryopreserved. Ready for recovery. Please refer to pricing and supply notes on the strain data sheet for further information.
Supply Notes
Cryorecovery - Standard.
Progeny testing is not required.
The average number of mice provided from recovery of our cryopreserved strains is 10. The total number of animals provided, their gender and genotype will vary. We will fulfill your order by providing at least two pair of mice, at least one animal of each pair carrying the mutation of interest. Please inquire if larger numbers of animals with specific genotype and genders are needed. Animals typically ship between 11 and 14 weeks from the date of your order. If a second cryorecovery is needed in order to provide the minimum number of animals, animals will ship within 25 weeks. IMPORTANT NOTE: The genotypes of animals provided may not reflect the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation, or that discussed in the strain description. Please inquire about possible genotypes which will be recovered for this specific strain. The Jackson Laboratory cannot guarantee the reproductive success of mice shipped to your facility. If the mice are lost after the first three days (post-arrival) or do not produce progeny at your facility, a new order and fee will be necessary.Cryorecovery to establish a Dedicated Supply for greater quantities of mice
Mice recovered can be used to establish a dedicated colony to contractually supply you mice according to your requirements. Price by quotation. For more information on Dedicated Supply, please contact JAX® Services, Tel: 1-800-422-6423 (from U.S.A., Canada or Puerto Rico only) or 1-207-288-5845 (from any location).
|
|
|
Standard Supply
Cryopreserved. Ready for recovery. Please refer to pricing and supply notes on the strain data sheet for further information.
General Supply Notes
- Genomic DNA is available for this strain from the Mouse DNA Resource.
Control Information
| Control | ||
|---|---|---|
| Untyped from the colony | ||
| Considerations for Choosing Controls | ||
| Control Pricing Information for Genetically Engineered Mutant Strains. | ||
Payment Terms and Conditions
Terms are granted by individual review and stated on the customer invoice(s) and account statement. These transactions are payable in U.S. currency within the granted terms. Payment for services, products, shipping containers, and shipping costs that are rendered are expected within the payment terms indicated on the invoice or stated by contract. Invoices and account balances in arrears of stated terms may result in The Jackson Laboratory pursuing collection activities including but not limited to outside agencies and court filings.
See Terms of Use tab for General Terms and Conditions
The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise
The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.Ordering Information
JAX® Mice
Surgical and Preconditioning Services
JAX® Services
Customer Services and Support
Tel: 1-800-422-6423 or 1-207-288-5845
Fax: 1-207-288-6150
Technical Support Email Form
Terms of Use
Terms of Use
General Terms and Conditions
Contact information
General inquiries regarding Terms of UseContracts Administration
| phone: | 207-288-6470 |
| fax: | 207-288-6655 |
JAX® Mice, Products & Services Conditions of Use
"MICE" means mouse strains, their progeny derived by inbreeding or crossbreeding, unmodified derivatives from mouse strains or their progeny supplied by The Jackson Laboratory ("JACKSON"). "PRODUCTS" means biological materials supplied by JACKSON, and their derivatives. "RECIPIENT" means each recipient of MICE, PRODUCTS, or services provided by JACKSON including each institution, its employees and other researchers under its control. MICE or PRODUCTS shall not be: (i) used for any purpose other than the internal research, (ii) sold or otherwise provided to any third party for any use, or (iii) provided to any agent or other third party to provide breeding or other services. Acceptance of MICE or PRODUCTS from JACKSON shall be deemed as agreement by RECIPIENT to these conditions, and departure from these conditions requires JACKSON's prior written authorization.No Warranty
MICE, PRODUCTS AND SERVICES ARE PROVIDED “AS IS”. JACKSON EXTENDS NO WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, WITH RESPECT TO MICE, PRODUCTS OR SERVICES, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR ANY WARRANTY OF NON-INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, TRADEMARK, OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS.
In case of dissatisfaction for a valid reason and claimed in writing by a purchaser within ninety (90) days of receipt of mice, products or services, JACKSON will, at its option, provide credit or replacement for the mice or product received or the services provided.
No Liability
In no event shall JACKSON, its trustees, directors, officers, employees, and affiliates be liable for any causes of action or damages, including any direct, indirect, special, or consequential damages, arising out of the provision of MICE, PRODUCTS or services, including economic damage or injury to property and lost profits, and including any damage arising from acts or negligence on the part of JACKSON, its agents or employees. Unless prohibited by law, in purchasing or receiving MICE, PRODUCTS or services from JACKSON, purchaser or recipient, or any party claiming by or through them, expressly releases and discharges JACKSON from all such causes of action or damages, and further agrees to defend and indemnify JACKSON from any costs or damages arising out of any third party claims.
MICE and PRODUCTS are to be used in a safe manner and in accordance with all applicable governmental rules and regulations.
The foregoing represents the General Terms and Conditions applicable to JACKSON’s MICE, PRODUCTS or services. In addition, special terms and conditions of sale of certain MICE, PRODUCTS or services may be set forth separately in JACKSON web pages, catalogs, price lists, contracts, and/or other documents, and these special terms and conditions shall also govern the sale of these MICE, PRODUCTS and services by JACKSON, and by its licensees and distributors.
Acceptance of delivery of MICE, PRODUCTS or services shall be deemed agreement to these terms and conditions. No purchase order or other document transmitted by purchaser or recipient that may modify the terms and conditions hereof, shall be in any way binding on JACKSON, and instead the terms and conditions set forth herein, including any special terms and conditions set forth separately, shall govern the sale of MICE, PRODUCTS or services by JACKSON.