Description

The genotypes of the animals provided may not reflect those discussed in the strain description or the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation. Please inquire for possible genotypes for this specific strain.

Strain Information

Former Names C3H/HeNIcrWf-Hmgicpg/Bm    (Changed: 15-DEC-04 ) Type Congenic; Mutant Strain; Additional information on Genetically Engineered and Mutant Mice. Visit our online Nomenclature tutorial. Additional information on Congenic nomenclature. Species laboratory mouse Background Strain C3H/HeNIcrWf Donor Strain mixed stock

Appearance
agouti, small body size
Related Genotype: A/A Hmga2^pg/Hmga2^pg

agouti, unaffected
Related Genotype: A/A +/+ or Hmga2^pg/+

Description
Mice homozygous for the pygmy mutation (Hmga2^pg) are recognizably smaller at birth, growth rate is slow, and adults weigh about one-third as much as normal mice. They are healthy and active; some are sterile, but fertility may be almost normal on genetic backgrounds favoring large size. Pituitary, thyroid, and adrenals appear normal; Normal somatomedin activity; Normal serum levels of GH and PRL, but below normal concentrations in the pituitary; Unresponsive to administration of growth hormone.

Development
Pigmy (Hmga2^pg) arose spontaneously in a stock of mice being selected for small size. In 1944 J.W. MacArthur described his experiment in which he interbred seven stocks and strains to generate a large F2 outbred stock, which was then subjected to selection based on body size. The seven stocks and strains were DBA and a silver chocolate stock from The Jackson Laboratory, black and tan (a^t) and pink-eyed/short-eared/dilute brown (p se d b a) from the University of Michigan, and MacArthur's own albino, cinnamon spotted, and agouti strains (J.W. MacArthur, 1944). Pygmy was imported to The Jackson Laboratory from Dr. George Wolf at the National Center for Toxocology Research, Jefferson AR. In 1979 the strain designation was C3H/HeNIcrWf-pg. It was maintained by using tested matings and was at generation N20F4 in 1980. It was cryopreserved in 1982, when that strain had reached generation N21F13, by mating tested males (pg/+) to untested (+/?) females.

Control Information

	Control
	Heterozygote from the colony
	Untyped from the colony
	Wild-type from the colony
Considerations for Choosing Controls

Related Strains

Strains carrying other alleles of Hmga2

001962	B6 x STOCK In(10)17Rk/J
002644	B6.Cg-Hmga2pg-Tg40BCha/BmJ

View Strains carrying other alleles of Hmga2     (2 strains)

Phenotype

Phenotype Information

View Related Disease (OMIM) Terms

Related Disease (OMIM) Terms provided by MGI

- Potential model based on gene homology relationships. Phenotypic similarity to the human disease has not been tested. Leiomyoma, Uterine; UL   (HMGA2)

View Mammalian Phenotype Terms

Mammalian Phenotype Terms provided by MGI

      assigned by genotype

The following phenotype information may relate to a genetic background differing from this JAX^® Mice strain.

Hmga2^pg/Hmga2^pg

        involves: MacArthur's small stock

• growth/size phenotype
• decreased body size   (MGI Ref ID J:25351)
• • proportional dwarf   (MGI Ref ID J:25351)
    • no histological evidence of pituitary involvement   (MGI Ref ID J:13047)
    • proportionally small at 10 to 14 weeks   (MGI Ref ID J:10325)
  • slow postnatal weight gain
    • growth virtually ceases at 7-9 grams   (MGI Ref ID J:25351)
• homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
• abnormal energy balance
  • low vitality   (MGI Ref ID J:25351)
• reproductive system phenotype
• infertility   (MGI Ref ID J:25351)
  • fertility in both sexes is variable depending on genetic background   (MGI Ref ID J:13047)
• craniofacial phenotype
• small ears   (MGI Ref ID J:10325)
• hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype
• small ears   (MGI Ref ID J:10325)

Hmga2^pg/Hmga2^pg

        involves: A/St * C57BL * MacArthur's small stock

• growth/size phenotype
• abnormal postnatal growth/weight/body size   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
• • decreased body size
    • markedly smaller than normal at birth   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
  • • decreased body weight
      • adults weigh about one-third as much as normal mice   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
    • • slow postnatal weight gain
        • negligible increase in weight from 12-21 days due to competition with normal siblings for milk   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
  • postnatal growth retardation
    • the course of growth is normal but growth rate is reduced   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
• craniofacial phenotype
• small ears
  • at 4 days of age the pinna of pygmy mice are smaller compared to normal mice   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
  • by 12 days of age the ear size differential is pronounced   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
• reproductive system phenotype
• abnormal estrous cycle
  • females have an irregular estrous cycle   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
• cryptorchism
  • common among males   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
• female infertility   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
• male infertility   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
• priapism
  • develops in the majority of males by six weeks of age   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
  • not correlated with testes descent   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
• small ovary
  • ovaries are small in proportion to body size   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
  • follicle development is evident   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
• small testis   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
• small uterus
  • the uterus is small in proportion to body size   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
• endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
• cryptorchism
  • common among males   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
• small ovary
  • ovaries are small in proportion to body size   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
  • follicle development is evident   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
• small testis   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
• limbs/digits/tail phenotype
• brachypodia
  • feet are short relative to body length   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
• long tail
  • the tail is long in proportion to body length   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
• homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
• abnormal energy balance
  • lower than normal activity is not seen if normal siblings are removed from litters to increase milk available to mutant mice   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
• behavior/neurological phenotype
• abnormal sexual interaction
  • sexual activity of males with normal genitalia does not extend beyond interest in oestral females   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
• hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype
• small ears
  • at 4 days of age the pinna of pygmy mice are smaller compared to normal mice   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
  • by 12 days of age the ear size differential is pronounced   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)
• integument phenotype
• long hair
  • the coat appears long in proportion to body length   (MGI Ref ID J:13064)

View Research Applications

Research Applications

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Hmga2^pg related

Developmental Biology Research
Growth Defects

Endocrine Deficiency Research
Hypothalamus/Pituitary Defects

Genes & Alleles

Gene & Allele Information provided by MGI

Allele Symbol		Hmga2pg
Allele Name		pygmy
Allele Type		Spontaneous
Common Name(s)		pg; pigmy;
Strain of Origin		MacArthur's small stock
Gene Symbol and Name		Hmga2, high mobility group AT-hook 2
Chromosome		10
Gene Common Name(s)		9430083A20Rik; BABL; HMGI-C; HMGIC; Hmgic; LIPO; RIKEN cDNA 9430083A20 gene; STQTL9; high mobility group protein I, isoform C; pg; pygmy;
Molecular Note		The mutant allele comprises a small deletion including 5' sequences and the first two exons of the Hmga2 gene. Northern blot analysis demonstrated that no detectable transcript is expressed from this allele. [MGI Ref ID J:28571] [MGI Ref ID J:74548]

Genotyping

Genotyping Information

Genotyping Protocols

Hmga2^pg, QPCR

Helpful Links

Genotyping resources and troubleshooting

References

References provided by MGI

Additional References

Scala S; Portella G; Vitagliano D; Ledent C; Chiappetta G; Giancotti V; Dumont J; Fusco A. 2001. HMGI-C gene expression is not required for in vivo thyroid cell transformation. Carcinogenesis 22(2):251-6. [PubMed: 11181445]  [MGI Ref ID J:67486]

Zhou X; Benson KF; Ashar HR; Chada K. 1995. Mutation responsible for the mouse pygmy phenotype in the developmentally regulated factor HMGI-C [see comments] Nature 376(6543):771-4. [PubMed: 7651535]  [MGI Ref ID J:28571]

Hmga2^pg related

Benson KF; Chada K. 2002. Molecular Characterization of the Mouse In(10)17Rk Inversion and Identification of a Novel Muscle-Specific Gene at the Proximal Breakpoint. Genetics 160(1):279-87. [PubMed: 11805063]  [MGI Ref ID J:74548]

Brants JR; Ayoubi TA; Chada K; Marchal K; Van de Ven WJ; Petit MM. 2004. Differential regulation of the insulin-like growth factor II mRNA-binding protein genes by architectural transcription factor HMGA2. FEBS Lett 569(1-3):277-83. [PubMed: 15225648]  [MGI Ref ID J:91358]

KING JW. 1950. Pygmy, a dwarfing gene in the house mouse. J Hered 41(9):249-52. [PubMed: 14794889]  [MGI Ref ID J:13064]

King JW. 1955. Observations on the mutant "pygmy" in the house mouse. J Genet 53:487-497.  [MGI Ref ID J:13047]

Macarthur JW. 1944. Genetics of body size and related characters Am Naturalist 78:142-57.  [MGI Ref ID J:25351]

Nissley SP; Knazek RA; Wolff GL. 1980. Somatomedin activity in sera of genetically small mice. Horm Metab Res 12(4):158-64. [PubMed: 7390396]  [MGI Ref ID J:6340]

Rimoin DL; Richmond L. 1972. The pygmy (pg) mutant of the mouse--a model of the human pygmy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 35(3):467-8. [PubMed: 5051369]  [MGI Ref ID J:5290]

Scala S; Portella G; Vitagliano D; Ledent C; Chiappetta G; Giancotti V; Dumont J; Fusco A. 2001. HMGI-C gene expression is not required for in vivo thyroid cell transformation. Carcinogenesis 22(2):251-6. [PubMed: 11181445]  [MGI Ref ID J:67486]

Sinha YN; Wolff GL; Baxter SR; Domon OE. 1979. Serum and pituitary concentrations of growth hormone and prolactin in pygmy mice. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 162(1):221-3. [PubMed: 504232]  [MGI Ref ID J:6231]

Warwick EJ; Lewis WL. 1954. Increase in frequency of a deleterious recessive gene in mice J Hered 45:143-45.  [MGI Ref ID J:15334]

Xiang X; Benson KF; Chada K. 1990. Mini-mouse: disruption of the pygmy locus in a transgenic insertional mutant. Science 247(4945):967-9. [PubMed: 2305264]  [MGI Ref ID J:10325]

Zhou X; Benson KF; Ashar HR; Chada K. 1995. Mutation responsible for the mouse pygmy phenotype in the developmentally regulated factor HMGI-C [see comments] Nature 376(6543):771-4. [PubMed: 7651535]  [MGI Ref ID J:28571]

Health & husbandry

Health & Colony Maintenance Information

Animal Health Reports

Production of mice from cryopreserved embryos or sperm occurs in a maximum barrier room, G200.

Pricing and Purchasing

Pricing, Supply Level & Notes, Controls

General Supply Notes

• View the complete collection of spontaneous mutants in the Mouse Mutant Resource.
• Genomic DNA is available for this strain from the Mouse DNA Resource.

Control Information

	Control
	Heterozygote from the colony
	Untyped from the colony
	Wild-type from the colony
Considerations for Choosing Controls
Control Pricing Information for Genetically Engineered Mutant Strains.

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Terms are granted by individual review and stated on the customer invoice(s) and account statement. These transactions are payable in U.S. currency within the granted terms. Payment for services, products, shipping containers, and shipping costs that are rendered are expected within the payment terms indicated on the invoice or stated by contract. Invoices and account balances in arrears of stated terms may result in The Jackson Laboratory pursuing collection activities including but not limited to outside agencies and court filings.

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The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise

The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX^® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX^® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX^® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.

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