Description

Strain Information

Type Inbred Strain; Additional information on Inbred Strains. Visit our online Nomenclature tutorial. Mating System Sibling x Sibling         (Female x Male)   01-MAR-06 Species laboratory mouse H2 Haplotype d Generation F224 (03-JAN-08)

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Appearance
albino
Related Genotype: A/A Tyrp1^b/Tyrp1^b Tyr^c/Tyr^c

Description
BALB/c mice are particularly well known for the production of plasmacytomas following injection with mineral oil forming the basis for the production of monoclonal antibodies. Although not all BALB/c substrains have been examined for plasmacytoma induction, substrains derived from the Andervont (An) lineage (which includes BALB/cByJ) typically are susceptible, while those descended from BALB/cJ are resistant (see: Potter M ,1985). Mammary tumor incidence is normally low but infection with mammary tumor virus by fostering to MMTV⁺ C3H mice dramatically increases tumor number and age of onset. BALB/c mice develop other cancers later in life including reticular neoplasms, primary lung tumors, and renal tumors. Rare spontaneous myoepitheliomas arising from myoepithelial cells of various exocrine glands have been observed in both BALB/cJ and BALB/cByJ substrains.

White et al. reported a variation in thioglycolate medium-induced peritoneal leukocyte recruitment in 4 analyzed strains. The response of total leukocyte recruitment, from greatest to least, was C57BL/6J>BALB/c>CD1>129X1/SvJ. Variations were also found in the timeline of response and cell types most impacted.

Dorso-ventral vaginal septa is observed in some BALB/cJ females, and may contribute to non-productive females in this strain. (Cunliffe-Beamer T, Lab Anim Sci, 1976)

Related Strains

BALB Strains

000650	BALB/cBy
001026	BALB/cByJ
001905	BALB/cGaJ
000921	BALB/cGrRkJ
001311	BALB/cWtEiJ

View BALB Strains     (5 strains)

Strains carrying   Hld allele

001026	BALB/cByJ
000351	CXB1/ByJ
000353	CXB3/ByJ
000354	CXB4/ByJ
000355	CXB5/ByJ
000357	CXB7/ByJ

View Strains carrying   Hld     (6 strains)

Additional Web Information

Genetic Quality Control Annual Report
JAX^® NOTES, April 1988; 433. H-2 Haplotypes of Mice from Jackson Laboratory Production Colonies.
JAX^® NOTES, Fall 1990; 443. A Brief History of the Two Substrains of BALB/c, BALB/cJ, and BALB/cByJ Available from Animal Resources.
JAX^® NOTES, Fall 1990; 443. Ulcerative Blepharitis and Periorbital Abscesses in BALB/cJ and BALB/cByJ Mice.
JAX^® NOTES, Fall 2003; 491. JAX West Expansion
JAX^® NOTES, January 1988; 432. Arthritis Models in the Mouse.
JAX^® NOTES, July 1987; 430. BALB/cJ vs. BALB/cByJ.
JAX^® NOTES, Spring 1990; 441. Imperforate Vagina and Mucometra in Mice.
JAX^® NOTES, Spring 2003; 489. Malocclusion in the Laboratory Mouse.
JAX^® NOTES, Summer 1992; 450. Myoepitheliomas in Inbred Laboratory Mice.
JAX^® NOTES, Summer 2003; 490. Hydrocephalus in Laboratory Mice.
JAX^® NOTES, Winter 2002; 488. Colony Expansions Completed for JAX^® Mice Strains C57BL/6J and BALB/cJ.
JAX^® NOTES, Winter 2006; 504. JAX^® Mice: the Gold Standard Just Got Better.

Phenotype

Phenotype Information

View Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Data

Body Weight Information - JAX^® Mice Strain BALB/cJ (000651)
(This chart reflects the typical correlation between body weight and age for mice maintained in production colonies at The Jackson Laboratory.)

Mouse Phenome Database
Mouse Phenome Database - MHC H2 haplotype
Mouse Phenome Database - body weight
Mouse Phenome Database - cardiovascular
Mouse Phenome Database - disease susceptibility
Mouse Phenome Database - food and water intake
Mouse Phenome Database - hematology
Mouse Phenome Database / SNP Facility
Festing Inbred Strain Characteristics: BALB/c
JAX^® Physiological Data Summary [pdf]
JAX^® Physiological Data Protocol [pdf]

View Research Applications

Research Applications

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Cancer Research
Increased Tumor Incidence
      Mammary Gland Tumors: late onset

Cardiovascular Research
Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis
      Relatively Resistant

Immunology and Inflammation Research
Inflammation

Neurobiology Research
Behavioral and Learning Defects
      high anxiety
Neurodevelopmental Defects
      callosal agenesis, incomplete penetrance

Research Tools
Cancer Research
      monoclonal antibodies, myeloma and hybridoma production
General Purpose

Genes & Alleles

Gene & Allele Information

Allele Symbol		Hld
Allele Name		hippocampal lamination defect
Allele Type		Spontaneous
Strain of Origin		BALB/cJ
Gene Symbol and Name		Hld, hippocampal lamination defect
Chromosome		UN
General Note		Abnormal laminar organization of the pyramidal layer of the cerebellum, particularly in the proximal segment of the layer, occurs in the BALB/cJ strain (J:5787). A single gene, Hld for hippocampal lamination defect, was shown to cause this abnormality in a cross of BALB/c with C57BL/6 and in the CXB recombinant inbred strains (J:13989). In normal strains, the latest formed or youngest neurons migrate past the earlier formed or older neurons to a position in the pyramidal layer that is superficial to that of the older cells. In BALB/cJ, the positions are reversed, with the older cells lying superior to the younger ones (J:5787). Since mossy fibers form synapses primarily with the older cells, this aberrant pattern of cell migration in BALB/c leads to adifferent pattern of mossy-fiber synapses, easily visualized with Timm's stain (J:5486). The dendritic excrescences induced by contact with mossy fibers on late-generated pyramidal cells in +/+ mice occur at sites on both the apical and basal dendrites; in Hld/Hld mice, they occur in two sites on the apical dendrites only (J:12029).

Genotyping

Genotyping Information

Inbred mouse strains are maintained through sibling (sister x brother) matings; no genotyping required.

Helpful Links

Genotyping resources and troubleshooting

References

References

Selected Reference(s)

Bentvelzen P; Daams JH; Hageman P; Calafat J. 1970. Genetic transmission of viruses that incite mammary tumor in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 67(1):377-84. [PubMed: 4318784]  [MGI Ref ID J:24803]

Heston WE; Vlahakis G. 1971. Mammary tumors, plaques, and hyperplastic alveolar nodules in various combinations of mouse inbred strains and the different lines of the mammary tumor virus. Int J Cancer 7(1):141-8. [PubMed: 4322934]  [MGI Ref ID J:24674]

Roderick TH; Langley SH; Leiter EH. 1985. Some unusual genetic characteristics of BALB/c and evidence for genetic variation among BALB/c substrains. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 122:9-18. [PubMed: 3899524]  [MGI Ref ID J:24307]

Additional References

Belzung C; Griebel G. 2001. Measuring normal and pathological anxiety-like behaviour in mice: a review. Behav Brain Res 125(1-2):141-9. [PubMed: 11682105]  [MGI Ref ID J:72742]

Chang B; Hawes NL; Hurd RE; Davisson MT; Nusinowitz S; Heckenlively JR. 2002. Retinal degeneration mutants in the mouse. Vision Res 42(4):517-25. [PubMed: 11853768]  [MGI Ref ID J:75095]

Cunliffe-Beamer TL; Feldman DB. 1976. Vaginal septa in mice: incidence, inheritance, and effect on reproductive, performance. Lab Anim Sci 26(6 Pt 1):895-8. [PubMed: 1018474]  [MGI Ref ID J:24296]

Ebbesen P. 1971. Reticulosarcoma and amyloid development in BALB/c mice inoculated with syngeneic cells from young and old donors. J Natl Cancer Inst 47(6):1241-5. [PubMed: 4941118]  [MGI Ref ID J:24297]

Ewart SL; Kuperman D; Schadt E; Tankersley C; Grupe A; Shubitowski DM; Peltz G; Wills-Karp M. 2000. Quantitative trait loci controlling allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in inbred mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 23(4):537-45. [PubMed: 11017920]  [MGI Ref ID J:66641]

Fairless AH; Dow HC; Toledo MM; Malkus KA; Edelmann M; Li H; Talbot K; Arnold SE; Abel T; Brodkin ES. 2008. Low sociability is associated with reduced size of the corpus callosum in the BALB/cJ inbred mouse strain. Brain Res 1230:211-7. [PubMed: 18662677]  [MGI Ref ID J:138841]

Fichtner-Feigl S; Fuss IJ; Preiss JC; Strober W; Kitani A. 2005. Treatment of murine Th1- and Th2-mediated inflammatory bowel disease with NF-kappa B decoy oligonucleotides. J Clin Invest 115(11):3057-71. [PubMed: 16239967]  [MGI Ref ID J:145688]

Nowakowski RS. 1984. Hippocampal lamination defect = Hld. Mouse News Lett 71:35.  [MGI Ref ID J:13989]

Nowakowski RS. 1984. The mode of inheritance of a defect in lamination in the hippocampus of BALB/c mice. J Neurogenet 1(3):249-58. [PubMed: 6536729]  [MGI Ref ID J:7947]

Nygaard UC; Aase A; Lovik M. 2005. The allergy adjuvant effect of particles - genetic factors influence antibody and cytokine responses. BMC Immunol 6:11. [PubMed: 15967044]  [MGI Ref ID J:149209]

Paigen B; Ishida BY; Verstuyft J; Winters RB; Albee D. 1990. Atherosclerosis susceptibility differences among progenitors of recombinant inbred strains of mice. Arteriosclerosis 10(2):316-23. [PubMed: 2317166]  [MGI Ref ID J:22615]

Roberts JE; Watters JW; Ballard JD; Dietrich WF. 1998. Ltx1, a mouse locus that influences the susceptibility of macrophages to cytolysis caused by intoxication with Bacillus anthracis lethal factor, maps to chromosome 11. Mol Microbiol 29(2):581-91. [PubMed: 9720874]  [MGI Ref ID J:49726]

Sass B; Peters RL; Kelloff GJ. 1976. Differences in tumor incidence in two substrains of Claude BALB/c (BALB/cfCd) mice, emphasizing renal, mammary, pancreatic, and synovial tumors. Lab Anim Sci 26(5):736-41. [PubMed: 185454]  [MGI Ref ID J:24705]

Sundberg JP; Hanson CA; Roop DR; Brown KS; Bedigian HG. 1991. Myoepitheliomas in inbred laboratory mice. Vet Pathol 28(4):313-23. [PubMed: 1719689]  [MGI Ref ID J:22767]

Tang X; Orchard SM; Sanford LD. 2002. Home cage activity and behavioral performance in inbred and hybrid mice. Behav Brain Res 136(2):555-69. [PubMed: 12429418]  [MGI Ref ID J:80398]

Teuscher C; Blankenhorn EP; Hickey WF. 1987. Differential susceptibility to actively induced experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and experimental allergic orchitis among BALB/c substrains. Cell Immunol 110(2):294-304. [PubMed: 2446778]  [MGI Ref ID J:149656]

Wahlsten D. 1989. Deficiency of the corpus callosum: incomplete penetrance and substrain differentiation in BALB/c mice. J Neurogenet 5(1):61-76. [PubMed: 2703941]  [MGI Ref ID J:138843]

Welkos SL; Keener TJ; Gibbs PH. 1986. Differences in susceptibility of inbred mice to Bacillus anthracis. Infect Immun 51(3):795-800. [PubMed: 3081444]  [MGI Ref ID J:8197]

Whitehead GS; Walker JK; Berman KG; Foster WM; Schwartz DA. 2003. Allergen-induced airway disease is mouse strain dependent. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 285(1):L32-42. [PubMed: 12626335]  [MGI Ref ID J:84265]

Zhu W; Gilmour MI. 2009. Comparison of allergic lung disease in three mouse strains after systemic or mucosal sensitization with ovalbumin antigen. Immunogenetics 61(3):199-207. [PubMed: 19224206]  [MGI Ref ID J:146790]

Hld related

Barber RP; Vaughn JE; Wimer RE; Wimer CC. 1974. Genetically-associated variations in the distribution of dentate granule cell synapses upon the pyramidal cell dendrites in mouse hippocampus. J Comp Neurol 156(4):417-34. [PubMed: 4137683]  [MGI Ref ID J:5486]

Nowakowski RS. 1984. Hippocampal lamination defect = Hld. Mouse News Lett 71:35.  [MGI Ref ID J:13989]

Nowakowski RS. 1984. The mode of inheritance of a defect in lamination in the hippocampus of BALB/c mice. J Neurogenet 1(3):249-58. [PubMed: 6536729]  [MGI Ref ID J:7947]

Nowakowski RS; Davis TL. 1985. Dendritic arbors and dendritic excrescences of abnormally positioned neurons in area CA3c of mice carrying the mutation hippocampal lamination defect. J Comp Neurol 239(3):267-75. [PubMed: 4044940]  [MGI Ref ID J:12029]

Vaughn JE; Matthews DA; Barber RP; Wimer CC; Wimer RE. 1977. Genetically-associated variations in the development of hippocampal pyramidal neurons may produce differences in mossy fiber connectivity. J Comp Neurol 173(1):41-51. [PubMed: 845286]  [MGI Ref ID J:5787]

Health & husbandry

Health & Colony Maintenance Information

Animal Health Reports

Room Number           AX2
Room Number           AX9
Room Number           MP16
Room Number           RB02
Room Number           RB03
Room Number           RB05

Colony Maintenance

Mating System	Sibling x Sibling         (Female x Male)   01-MAR-06
Diet Information	LabDiet® 5K52/5K67

Purchasing information

Pricing, Supply Level & Notes, Controls, General Terms & Conditions

Pricing

Supply Details

Standard Supply

JAX Ready Strain®. Most popular strains. Readily available in any quantity you need.

Supply Notes

JAX® mES Cells: Each vial contains 3 million cells. Visit our JAX® Cells, Tissues and Products website for more information. Males not available after seven weeks of age. Shipped at a specific age in weeks. Mice at a precise age in days, littermates and retired breeders are also available. Strains that must be genotyped are not available until five to seven weeks of age. Genomic DNA is available for this strain from the Mouse DNA Resource.

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Terms are granted by individual review and stated on the customer invoice(s) and account statement. These transactions are payable in U.S. currency within the granted terms. Payment for services, products, shipping containers, and shipping costs that are rendered are expected within the payment terms indicated on the invoice or stated by contract. Invoices and account balances in arrears of stated terms may result in The Jackson Laboratory pursuing collection activities including but not limited to outside agencies and court filings.

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The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise

The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX^® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX^® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX^® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.

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