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| BALB/cJ is a commonly used inbred. Key traits include a resistance to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), and a susceptibility to developing the demyelinating disease upon infection with Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus. The BALB/cJ substrain is susceptible to Listeria, all species of Leishmania, and several species of Trypanosoma, but is resistant to experimental allergic orchitis (EAO). | ||||||||||||||||||
Type Inbred Strain; Additional information on Inbred Strains. Visit our online Nomenclature tutorial. Mating System Sibling x Sibling (Female x Male) 01-MAR-06 Species laboratory mouse H2 Haplotype d Generation F224 (03-JAN-08)
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albino
Related Genotype: A/A Tyrp1b/Tyrp1b Tyrc/TyrcDescription
BALB/c mice are particularly well known for the production of plasmacytomas following injection with mineral oil forming the basis for the production of monoclonal antibodies. Although not all BALB/c substrains have been examined for plasmacytoma induction, substrains derived from the Andervont (An) lineage (which includes BALB/cByJ) typically are susceptible, while those descended from BALB/cJ are resistant (see: Potter M ,1985). Mammary tumor incidence is normally low but infection with mammary tumor virus by fostering to MMTV+ C3H mice dramatically increases tumor number and age of onset. BALB/c mice develop other cancers later in life including reticular neoplasms, primary lung tumors, and renal tumors. Rare spontaneous myoepitheliomas arising from myoepithelial cells of various exocrine glands have been observed in both BALB/cJ and BALB/cByJ substrains.White et al. reported a variation in thioglycolate medium-induced peritoneal leukocyte recruitment in 4 analyzed strains. The response of total leukocyte recruitment, from greatest to least, was C57BL/6J>BALB/c>CD1>129X1/SvJ. Variations were also found in the timeline of response and cell types most impacted.
Dorso-ventral vaginal septa is observed in some BALB/cJ females, and may contribute to non-productive females in this strain. (Cunliffe-Beamer T, Lab Anim Sci, 1976)
BALB Strains
000650 BALB/cBy 001026 BALB/cByJ 001905 BALB/cGaJ 000921 BALB/cGrRkJ 001311 BALB/cWtEiJ View BALB Strains (5 strains)
Strains carrying Hld allele
001026 BALB/cByJ 000351 CXB1/ByJ 000353 CXB3/ByJ 000354 CXB4/ByJ 000355 CXB5/ByJ 000357 CXB7/ByJ View Strains carrying Hld (6 strains)
Genetic Quality Control Annual Report
JAX® NOTES, April 1988; 433. H-2 Haplotypes of Mice from Jackson Laboratory Production Colonies.
JAX® NOTES, Fall 1990; 443. A Brief History of the Two Substrains of BALB/c, BALB/cJ, and BALB/cByJ Available from Animal Resources.
JAX® NOTES, Fall 1990; 443. Ulcerative Blepharitis and Periorbital Abscesses in BALB/cJ and BALB/cByJ Mice.
JAX® NOTES, Fall 2003; 491. JAX West Expansion
JAX® NOTES, January 1988; 432. Arthritis Models in the Mouse.
JAX® NOTES, July 1987; 430. BALB/cJ vs. BALB/cByJ.
JAX® NOTES, Spring 1990; 441. Imperforate Vagina and Mucometra in Mice.
JAX® NOTES, Spring 2003; 489. Malocclusion in the Laboratory Mouse.
JAX® NOTES, Summer 1992; 450. Myoepitheliomas in Inbred Laboratory Mice.
JAX® NOTES, Summer 2003; 490. Hydrocephalus in Laboratory Mice.
JAX® NOTES, Winter 2002; 488. Colony Expansions Completed for JAX® Mice Strains C57BL/6J and BALB/cJ.
JAX® NOTES, Winter 2006; 504. JAX® Mice: the Gold Standard Just Got Better.
View Phenotypic Data
Phenotypic Data
Body Weight Information - JAX® Mice Strain BALB/cJ (000651)Mouse Phenome Database
(This chart reflects the typical correlation between body weight and age for mice maintained in production colonies at The Jackson Laboratory.)
Mouse Phenome Database - MHC H2 haplotype
Mouse Phenome Database - body weight
Mouse Phenome Database - cardiovascular
Mouse Phenome Database - disease susceptibility
Mouse Phenome Database - food and water intake
Mouse Phenome Database - hematology
Mouse Phenome Database / SNP Facility
Festing Inbred Strain Characteristics: BALB/c
JAX® Physiological Data Summary [pdf]
JAX® Physiological Data Protocol [pdf]
View Research Applications
Research Applications
This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:
Cancer Research
Increased Tumor Incidence
Mammary Gland Tumors: late onset
Cardiovascular Research
Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis
Relatively Resistant
Immunology and Inflammation Research
Inflammation
Neurobiology Research
Behavioral and Learning Defects
high anxiety
Neurodevelopmental Defects
callosal agenesis, incomplete penetrance
Research Tools
Cancer Research
monoclonal antibodies, myeloma and hybridoma production
General Purpose
| Allele Symbol | Hld | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Allele Name | hippocampal lamination defect | ||
| Allele Type | Spontaneous | ||
| Strain of Origin | BALB/cJ | ||
| Gene Symbol and Name | Hld, hippocampal lamination defect | ||
| Chromosome | UN | ||
| General Note | Abnormal laminar organization of the pyramidal layer of the cerebellum, particularly in the proximal segment of the layer, occurs in the BALB/cJ strain (J:5787). A single gene, Hld for hippocampal lamination defect, was shown to cause this abnormality in a cross of BALB/c with C57BL/6 and in the CXB recombinant inbred strains (J:13989). In normal strains, the latest formed or youngest neurons migrate past the earlier formed or older neurons to a position in the pyramidal layer that is superficial to that of the older cells. In BALB/cJ, the positions are reversed, with the older cells lying superior to the younger ones (J:5787). Since mossy fibers form synapses primarily with the older cells, this aberrant pattern of cell migration in BALB/c leads to adifferent pattern of mossy-fiber synapses, easily visualized with Timm's stain (J:5486). The dendritic excrescences induced by contact with mossy fibers on late-generated pyramidal cells in +/+ mice occur at sites on both the apical and basal dendrites; in Hld/Hld mice, they occur in two sites on the apical dendrites only (J:12029). | ||
Inbred mouse strains are maintained through sibling (sister x brother) matings; no genotyping required.
Genotyping resources and troubleshooting
Bentvelzen P; Daams JH; Hageman P; Calafat J. 1970. Genetic transmission of viruses that incite mammary tumor in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 67(1):377-84. [PubMed: 4318784] [MGI Ref ID J:24803]
Heston WE; Vlahakis G. 1971. Mammary tumors, plaques, and hyperplastic alveolar nodules in various combinations of mouse inbred strains and the different lines of the mammary tumor virus. Int J Cancer 7(1):141-8. [PubMed: 4322934] [MGI Ref ID J:24674]
Roderick TH; Langley SH; Leiter EH. 1985. Some unusual genetic characteristics of BALB/c and evidence for genetic variation among BALB/c substrains. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 122:9-18. [PubMed: 3899524] [MGI Ref ID J:24307]
Belzung C; Griebel G. 2001. Measuring normal and pathological anxiety-like behaviour in mice: a review. Behav Brain Res 125(1-2):141-9. [PubMed: 11682105] [MGI Ref ID J:72742]
Chang B; Hawes NL; Hurd RE; Davisson MT; Nusinowitz S; Heckenlively JR. 2002. Retinal degeneration mutants in the mouse. Vision Res 42(4):517-25. [PubMed: 11853768] [MGI Ref ID J:75095]
Cunliffe-Beamer TL; Feldman DB. 1976. Vaginal septa in mice: incidence, inheritance, and effect on reproductive, performance. Lab Anim Sci 26(6 Pt 1):895-8. [PubMed: 1018474] [MGI Ref ID J:24296]
Ebbesen P. 1971. Reticulosarcoma and amyloid development in BALB/c mice inoculated with syngeneic cells from young and old donors. J Natl Cancer Inst 47(6):1241-5. [PubMed: 4941118] [MGI Ref ID J:24297]
Ewart SL; Kuperman D; Schadt E; Tankersley C; Grupe A; Shubitowski DM; Peltz G; Wills-Karp M. 2000. Quantitative trait loci controlling allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in inbred mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 23(4):537-45. [PubMed: 11017920] [MGI Ref ID J:66641]
Fairless AH; Dow HC; Toledo MM; Malkus KA; Edelmann M; Li H; Talbot K; Arnold SE; Abel T; Brodkin ES. 2008. Low sociability is associated with reduced size of the corpus callosum in the BALB/cJ inbred mouse strain. Brain Res 1230:211-7. [PubMed: 18662677] [MGI Ref ID J:138841]
Fichtner-Feigl S; Fuss IJ; Preiss JC; Strober W; Kitani A. 2005. Treatment of murine Th1- and Th2-mediated inflammatory bowel disease with NF-kappa B decoy oligonucleotides. J Clin Invest 115(11):3057-71. [PubMed: 16239967] [MGI Ref ID J:145688]
Nowakowski RS. 1984. Hippocampal lamination defect = Hld. Mouse News Lett 71:35. [MGI Ref ID J:13989]
Nowakowski RS. 1984. The mode of inheritance of a defect in lamination in the hippocampus of BALB/c mice. J Neurogenet 1(3):249-58. [PubMed: 6536729] [MGI Ref ID J:7947]
Nygaard UC; Aase A; Lovik M. 2005. The allergy adjuvant effect of particles - genetic factors influence antibody and cytokine responses. BMC Immunol 6:11. [PubMed: 15967044] [MGI Ref ID J:149209]
Paigen B; Ishida BY; Verstuyft J; Winters RB; Albee D. 1990. Atherosclerosis susceptibility differences among progenitors of recombinant inbred strains of mice. Arteriosclerosis 10(2):316-23. [PubMed: 2317166] [MGI Ref ID J:22615]
Roberts JE; Watters JW; Ballard JD; Dietrich WF. 1998. Ltx1, a mouse locus that influences the susceptibility of macrophages to cytolysis caused by intoxication with Bacillus anthracis lethal factor, maps to chromosome 11. Mol Microbiol 29(2):581-91. [PubMed: 9720874] [MGI Ref ID J:49726]
Sass B; Peters RL; Kelloff GJ. 1976. Differences in tumor incidence in two substrains of Claude BALB/c (BALB/cfCd) mice, emphasizing renal, mammary, pancreatic, and synovial tumors. Lab Anim Sci 26(5):736-41. [PubMed: 185454] [MGI Ref ID J:24705]
Sundberg JP; Hanson CA; Roop DR; Brown KS; Bedigian HG. 1991. Myoepitheliomas in inbred laboratory mice. Vet Pathol 28(4):313-23. [PubMed: 1719689] [MGI Ref ID J:22767]
Tang X; Orchard SM; Sanford LD. 2002. Home cage activity and behavioral performance in inbred and hybrid mice. Behav Brain Res 136(2):555-69. [PubMed: 12429418] [MGI Ref ID J:80398]
Teuscher C; Blankenhorn EP; Hickey WF. 1987. Differential susceptibility to actively induced experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and experimental allergic orchitis among BALB/c substrains. Cell Immunol 110(2):294-304. [PubMed: 2446778] [MGI Ref ID J:149656]
Wahlsten D. 1989. Deficiency of the corpus callosum: incomplete penetrance and substrain differentiation in BALB/c mice. J Neurogenet 5(1):61-76. [PubMed: 2703941] [MGI Ref ID J:138843]
Welkos SL; Keener TJ; Gibbs PH. 1986. Differences in susceptibility of inbred mice to Bacillus anthracis. Infect Immun 51(3):795-800. [PubMed: 3081444] [MGI Ref ID J:8197]
Whitehead GS; Walker JK; Berman KG; Foster WM; Schwartz DA. 2003. Allergen-induced airway disease is mouse strain dependent. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 285(1):L32-42. [PubMed: 12626335] [MGI Ref ID J:84265]
Zhu W; Gilmour MI. 2009. Comparison of allergic lung disease in three mouse strains after systemic or mucosal sensitization with ovalbumin antigen. Immunogenetics 61(3):199-207. [PubMed: 19224206] [MGI Ref ID J:146790]
Hld relatedBarber RP; Vaughn JE; Wimer RE; Wimer CC. 1974. Genetically-associated variations in the distribution of dentate granule cell synapses upon the pyramidal cell dendrites in mouse hippocampus. J Comp Neurol 156(4):417-34. [PubMed: 4137683] [MGI Ref ID J:5486]
Nowakowski RS. 1984. Hippocampal lamination defect = Hld. Mouse News Lett 71:35. [MGI Ref ID J:13989]
Nowakowski RS. 1984. The mode of inheritance of a defect in lamination in the hippocampus of BALB/c mice. J Neurogenet 1(3):249-58. [PubMed: 6536729] [MGI Ref ID J:7947]
Nowakowski RS; Davis TL. 1985. Dendritic arbors and dendritic excrescences of abnormally positioned neurons in area CA3c of mice carrying the mutation hippocampal lamination defect. J Comp Neurol 239(3):267-75. [PubMed: 4044940] [MGI Ref ID J:12029]
Vaughn JE; Matthews DA; Barber RP; Wimer CC; Wimer RE. 1977. Genetically-associated variations in the development of hippocampal pyramidal neurons may produce differences in mossy fiber connectivity. J Comp Neurol 173(1):41-51. [PubMed: 845286] [MGI Ref ID J:5787]
Animal Health Reports
Room Number AX2
Room Number AX9
Room Number MP16
Room Number RB02
Room Number RB03
Room Number RB05
Colony Maintenance
Mating System Sibling x Sibling (Female x Male) 01-MAR-06 Diet Information LabDiet® 5K52/5K67
| Pricing for USA, Canada and Mexico shipping destinations |
|
Weeks of Age Price (US dollars $) Gender 3 weeks $15.25 Female $14.00 Male 4 weeks $15.25 Female $14.00 Male 5 weeks $16.25 Female $15.50 Male 6 weeks $18.00 Female $17.45 Male 7 weeks $19.00 Female $17.45 Male 8 weeks $19.00 Female 9 weeks $19.00 Female 10 weeks $22.50 Female 11 weeks $23.75 Female 12 weeks $25.00 Female 13 weeks $26.25 Female 14 weeks $27.50 Female 15 weeks $28.75 Female JAX® Cells, Tissues & Products
JAX® mES Cells
Item Number Product Name Price/Vial (US dollars $) 000651E01 BALB/cJ-line I mES cells $455.00
| Supply Notes |
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| Pricing for International shipping destinations |
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Weeks of Age Price (US dollars $) Gender 3 weeks $19.90 Female $18.20 Male 4 weeks $19.90 Female $18.20 Male 5 weeks $21.20 Female $20.20 Male 6 weeks $23.40 Female $22.70 Male 7 weeks $24.70 Female $22.70 Male 8 weeks $24.70 Female 9 weeks $24.70 Female 10 weeks $29.30 Female 11 weeks $30.90 Female 12 weeks $32.50 Female 13 weeks $34.20 Female 14 weeks $35.80 Female 15 weeks $37.40 Female JAX® Cells, Tissues & Products
JAX® mES Cells
Item Number Product Name Price/Vial (US dollars $) 000651E01 BALB/cJ-line I mES cells $455.00
| Standard Supply | JAX Ready Strain®. Most popular strains. Readily available in any quantity you need. |
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| Supply Notes |
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Purchasing Information
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