Description

Strain Information

Type Spontaneous Mutation; Additional information on Genetically Engineered and Mutant Mice. Type Inbred Strain; Additional information on Inbred Strains. Visit our online Nomenclature tutorial. Mating System Sibling x Sibling         (Female x Male) Species laboratory mouse H2 Haplotype b Generation F226p (11-JAN-08)

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Appearance
black
Related Genotype: a/a

Important Note
This strain is homozygous for Cdh23^ahl, the age related hearing loss 1 mutation, which on this background results in progressive hearing loss with onset after 10 months of age.

Description
C57BL/6 is the most widely used inbred strain. It is commonly used as a general purpose strain and background strain for the generation of congenics carrying both spontaneous and induced mutations. Although this strain is refractory to many tumors, it is a permissive background for maximal expression of most mutations. C57BL/6J mice are used in a wide variety of research areas including cardiovascular biology, developmental biology, diabetes and obesity, genetics, immunology, neurobiology, and sensorineural research. C57BL/6J mice are also commonly used in the production of transgenic mice. Overall, C57BL/6 mice breed well, are long-lived, and have a low susceptibility to tumors. Primitive hematopoietic stem cells from C57BL/6J mice show greatly delayed senescence relative to BALB/c and DBA/2J. This is a dominant trait. Other characteristics include: 1) a high susceptibility to diet-induced obesity, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis; 2) a high incidence of microphthalmia and other associated eye abnormalities; 3) resistance to audiogenic seizures; 4) low bone density; 5) hereditary hydrocephalus (early reports indicate 1 - 4 %); 6) hairloss associated with overgrooming, 7) a preference for alcohol and morphine; 8) late-onset hearing loss; and 9) increased incidence of hydrocephalus and malocclusion.

C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet develop obesity, mild to moderate hyperglycemia, and hyperinsulinemia (see JAX ^® DIO Service and JAX ^® Inventoried DIO Mice). C57BL/6J mice fed an atherogenic diet (1.25% cholesterol, 0.5% cholic acid and 15% fat) for 14 weeks develop lesions in the range of 4500 to 8000 um² atherosclerotic aortic lesions/aortic cross-section. The variation in aortic lesions found among various inbred strains has led to the identification of the existence of eight genes affecting atherosclerosis, Ath1 to Ath8. C57BL/6J mice also develop severe and progressive hearing loss later in life. Histopathological changes associated with age-related hearing loss include the disruption of both outer and inner hair cells. C57BL/6 mice are also more susceptible to noise-induced hearing loss. Age related hearing loss 1 (Ahl), a major gene responsible for this hearing loss, was mapped in an intersubspecific backcross by measuring elevated auditory-evoked brainstem response (ABR) thresholds. Ahl is located on Chromosome 10 near marker D10Mit5. A naturally occurring deletion in nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (Nnt) exons 7-11 occurred in C57BL/6J sometime prior to 1984. This deletion results in the absence of the NNT protein, and is associated with impaired glucose homeostasis control and reduced insulin secretion. This mutation is not found in C57BL/6JEi, C57BL/6N, C57BL/6NJ, C57BL/6ByJ, C57BL/10J, C57L/J, or C58/J (Toye AA, et al, Diabetologia, 2005). Since C57BL/6JEi separated from C57BL/6J in 1976, the Nnt deletion arose sometime between 1976 and 1984.

C57BL/6J was the DNA source for the international collaboration that generated the first high quality draft sequence of the mouse genome. 5 SNP differences have been identified that distinguish C57BL/6J from C57BL/6ByJ and C57BL/6NJ. Both C57BL/6ByJ and C57BL/6NJ type as follows: 08-015199792-M (rs3709624) is C; 11-004367508-M (rs3659787) is A; 13-041017317-M (rs3722313) is C; 15-057561875-M (rs3702158) is G; 19-049914266-M (rs3724876) is T. C57BL/6J types as follows: 08-015199792-M (rs3709624) is T; 11-004367508-M (rs3659787) is G; 13-041017317-M (rs3722313) is T; 15-057561875-M (rs3702158) is A; 19-049914266-M (rs3724876) is G (Petkov and Wiles, 2005.)

Development
The C57BL/6J inbred strain was created by Dr. CC Little from the mating of female 57 with male 52 from Miss Abbie Lathrop's stock. The same cross gave rise to the C57L and C57BR strains.

Related Strains

C57BL Strains

000665	C57BL/10J
003752	C57BL/10ScNJ
000476	C57BL/10ScSnJ
000666	C57BL/10SnJ
001822	C57BL/10SxJ
001197	C57BL/10WtRkJ
000663	C57BL/6By
001139	C57BL/6ByJ
009123	C57BL/6HaJ
000924	C57BL/6JEiJ
005304	C57BL/6NJ

View C57BL Strains     (11 strains)

Strains carrying   Cdh23^ahl allele

001137	129P1/ReJ
000690	129P3/J
000691	129X1/SvJ
000646	A/J
000647	A/WySnJ
003070	ALR/LtJ
003072	ALS/LtJ
004502	B6;AKR-Lxl2/GrsrJ
001026	BALB/cByJ
000653	BUB/BnJ
005494	C3.129S1(B6)-Grm1rcw/J
004764	C57BL/6J-Cdh23v-8J/J
003129	C57BL/6J-Epha4rb-2J/GrsrJ
004820	C57BL/6J-Kcne12J/J
004703	C57BL/6J-Kcnq2Nmf134/J
004811	C57BL/6J-nmf110/J
004812	C57BL/6J-nmf111/J
004747	C57BL/6J-nmf118/J
004656	C57BL/6J-nmf88/J
004391	C57BL/6J-Chr 13A/J/NaJ
004385	C57BL/6J-Chr 7A/J/NaJ
000662	C57BLKS/J
000667	C57BR/cdJ
000668	C57L/J
000669	C58/J
000657	CE/J
000670	DBA/1J
001140	DBA/1LacJ
000671	DBA/2J
007048	DBA/2J-Gpnmb+/SjJ
002106	KK/HlJ
000675	LG/J
000676	LP/J
000677	MA/MyJ
001976	NOD/ShiLtJ
002050	NOR/LtJ
000679	P/J
002747	SENCARB/PtJ
002335	SKH2/J
003392	STOCK Crb1rd8/J

View Strains carrying   Cdh23^ahl     (40 strains)

Strains carrying other alleles of Cdh23

002756	B6.CAST-Cdh23Ahl+/Kjn
002432	B6J x B6.C-H2-Kbm1/ByJ-Cdh23v-J/J
002552	C57BL/6J-Cdh23v-2J/J
004764	C57BL/6J-Cdh23v-8J/J
004819	C57BL/6J-Cdh23v-9J/J
005016	CByJ;B6-Cdh23v-10J/J
000275	V/LeJ

View Strains carrying other alleles of Cdh23     (7 strains)

Strains carrying other alleles of Fbrwt1

000671

DBA/2J

View Strains carrying other alleles of Fbrwt1     (1 strain)

Strains carrying other alleles of Fbrwt2

000671

DBA/2J

View Strains carrying other alleles of Fbrwt2     (1 strain)

Additional Web Information

3D MRI Digital Atlas Database of Adult C57BL/6J Mouse Brain
Genetic Quality Control Annual Report
JAX^® NOTES, April 1988; 433. H-2 Haplotypes of Mice from Jackson Laboratory Production Colonies.
JAX^® NOTES, Fall 1995; 463. Inbred C57 Black Mice: Microphthalmia and Ocular Infections.
JAX^® NOTES, Fall 2003; 491. JAX West Expansion
JAX^® NOTES, Fall 2003; 491. The Importance of Understanding Substrains in the Genomic Age.
JAX^® NOTES, Fall 2006; 503. Cause of Glucose Intolerance in C57BL/6J Mice Discovered.
JAX^® NOTES, Fall 2008; 511. Influence of Nnt alleles on DIO in C57BL/6 JAX^® Mice.
JAX^® NOTES, January 1988; 432. Arthritis Models in the Mouse.
JAX^® NOTES, July 1989; 438. Profile: C57BL/6J.
JAX^® NOTES, October 1987; 431. Alopecia (loss of hair) in C57BL/6J and Related Strains.
JAX^® NOTES, October 1989; 439. Splenic Melanosis in Black Mice.
JAX^® NOTES, Spring 1990; 441. Imperforate Vagina and Mucometra in Mice.
JAX^® NOTES, Spring 2003; 489. Malocclusion in the Laboratory Mouse.
JAX^® NOTES, Spring 2003; 489. Mouse Genome Sequence Released.
JAX^® NOTES, Spring 2004; 493. Chromosome Substitution Strain Panel: A New Tool for Quantitative Trait Loci Analysis.
JAX^® NOTES, Spring 2007; 505. C57BL/6J Strain Used to Construct the Allen Brain Atlas.
JAX^® NOTES, Summer 1994; 458. Ly5 Gene Nomenclature, C57BL/6J and SJL/J - A History of Change.
JAX^® NOTES, Summer 2003; 490. Charles River Japan Now Breeding JAX^® Mice Strain C57BL/6J.
JAX^® NOTES, Summer 2003; 490. Hydrocephalus in Laboratory Mice.
JAX^® NOTES, Summer 2006; 502. Characterization of DIO Model is Refined.
JAX^® NOTES, Winter 2002; 488. Colony Expansions Completed for JAX^® Mice Strains C57BL/6J and BALB/cJ.
JAX^® NOTES, Winter 2006; 504. JAX^® Mice: the Gold Standard Just Got Better.
JAX^® NOTES, Winter 2008; 512. New resource illustrates divergence of C57BL/6 laboratory mouse substrains.
National Center for Biotechnology Information / SNP Data

Phenotype

Phenotype Information

View Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Data

Body Weight Information - JAX^® Mice Strain C57BL/6J (000664)
(This chart reflects the typical correlation between body weight and age for mice maintained in production colonies at The Jackson Laboratory.)

Mouse Phenome Database
Mouse Phenome Database - atherogenic diet
Mouse Phenome Database - body weight
Mouse Phenome Database - bone mineral density and content
Mouse Phenome Database - cardiovascular
Mouse Phenome Database - cholesterol
Mouse Phenome Database - disease susceptibility
Mouse Phenome Database - ethanol effects
Mouse Phenome Database - food and water intake
Mouse Phenome Database - glucose
Mouse Phenome Database - hearing
Mouse Phenome Database - hematology
Mouse Phenome Database / SNP Facility
Festing Inbred Strain Characteristics: C57BL
JAX^® Physiological Data Summary [pdf]
JAX^® Physiological Data Protocol [pdf]

View Mammalian Phenotype Terms

Mammalian Phenotype Terms

      assigned by genotype

Gluchos1^C57BL/6J/Gluchos1^C57BL/6J

        C57BL/6J

• digestive/alimentary phenotype
• decreased insulin secretion (MGI Ref ID J:109356)
  • this phenotype is rescued by transgenic expression of full-length Nnt sequence derived from 129S6/SvEvTac
• endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
• decreased insulin secretion (MGI Ref ID J:109356)
  • this phenotype is rescued by transgenic expression of full-length Nnt sequence derived from 129S6/SvEvTac
• homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
• impaired glucose tolerance (MGI Ref ID J:109356)
  • this phenotype is rescued by transgenic expression of full-length Nnt sequence derived from 129S6/SvEvTac

Gluchos3^C57BL/6J/Gluchos3^C57BL/6J

        involves: C3H/HeH * C57BL/6J

• homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
• decreased circulating insulin level (MGI Ref ID J:106692)
  • 50% decreased plasma insulin at T30 of the glucose tolerance test

Nnt^C57BL/6J/Nnt^C57BL/6J

        C57BL/6J

• digestive/alimentary phenotype
• decreased insulin secretion (MGI Ref ID J:109356)
  • this phenotype is rescued by transgenic expression of full-length Nnt sequence derived from 129S6/SvEvTac
• endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
• decreased insulin secretion (MGI Ref ID J:109356)
  • this phenotype is rescued by transgenic expression of full-length Nnt sequence derived from 129S6/SvEvTac
• homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
• impaired glucose tolerance (MGI Ref ID J:109356)
  • this phenotype is rescued by transgenic expression of full-length Nnt sequence derived from 129S6/SvEvTac
• cardiovascular system phenotype
• decreased cardiac muscle contractility (MGI Ref ID J:76471)
  • average left ventricular shortening of 39.1 is significantly lower than the 47.1 in A/J mice
  • aortic ejection time is significantly longer than in A/J mice
• decreased heart rate (MGI Ref ID J:76471)
  • average 433 beats per minute versus 524 in A/J
• increased heart rate (MGI Ref ID J:76471)
  • average heart rate is approximately 50 beats per minute higher than that in A/J
• increased left ventricle weight (MGI Ref ID J:76471)
  • average left ventricular weight of 46.2g is significantly higher than control A/J and results from an increase in the end-diastolic dimension and a proportional increase in wall thickness
• muscle phenotype
• decreased cardiac muscle contractility (MGI Ref ID J:76471)
  • average left ventricular shortening of 39.1 is significantly lower than the 47.1 in A/J mice
  • aortic ejection time is significantly longer than in A/J mice
• homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
• abnormal exercise endurance (MGI Ref ID J:76471)
  • exercise time on a treadmill is significantly greater than that of A/J

View Research Applications

Research Applications

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Cardiovascular Research
Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis (Susceptible)

Developmental Biology Research
Eye Defects
Lymphoid Tissue Defects (hematopoietic defects)
Skeletal Defects

Diabetes and Obesity Research
Hyperglycemia (diet-induced, moderate)
Hyperinsulinemia (diet-induced)
Insulin Resistance (diet-induced)
Obesity With Diabetes (diet-induced, moderate)
Type 2 Diabetes (NIDDM) (diet-induced)

Hematological Research
Hematopoietic Defects

Immunology and Inflammation Research
Lymphoid Tissue Defects (hematopoietic development)

Neurobiology Research
Behavioral and Learning Defects
Vestibular and Hearing Defects (Age related hearing loss)

Research Tools
General Purpose
Genetics Research (Mutagenesis and Transgenesis: Production of Transgenic Mice)
Hematological Research
Immunology and Inflammation Research (background strain for histocompatibility congenics)

Sensorineural Research
Eye Defects
Vestibular and Hearing Defects (Age related hearing loss)

Cdh23^ahl related

Neurobiology Research
Vestibular and Hearing Defects (Age related hearing loss)

Sensorineural Research
Vestibular and Hearing Defects (Age related hearing loss)

Genes & Alleles

Gene & Allele Information

Allele Symbol		Cdh23ahl
Allele Name		age related hearing loss 1
Allele Type		QTL
Common Name(s)		Cdh23753A; mdfw;
Strain of Origin		multiple strains
Gene Symbol and Name		Cdh23, cadherin 23 (otocadherin)
Chromosome		10
Gene Common Name(s)		4930542A03Rik; DFNB12; DKFZp434P2350; FLJ00233; FLJ36499; KIAA1774; KIAA1812; MGC102761; RIKEN cDNA 4930542A03 gene; USH1D; W; age related hearing loss 1; ahl; bob; bobby; bus; bustling; mdfw; modifier of deaf waddler; neuroscience mutagenesis facility, 112; neuroscience mutagenesis facility, 181; neuroscience mutagenesis facility, 252; nmf112; nmf181; nmf252; sals; salsa; v; waltzer;
Molecular Note		Genetic complementation tests have shown allelism between the mdfw (modifier of deaf waddler) locus and the ahl locus. Further analysis has identified an association between ahl and a G to A transition at nucleotide position 753 of Cdh23. This hypomorphic allele causes in frame skipping of exon 7 and reduced message stability. Twenty-seven strains classified with ahl and carrying the 753A allele include: CD1, RBF/DnJ, PL/J, AKR/J, RF/J, BALB/cBy, A/WySnJ, P/J, SENCARA/PtJ, DBA/1J, ALS/LtJ, C58/J, C57BLKS/J, 129P1/ReJ, C57BR/cd, SKH2/J, BUB/Bn, MA/MyJ, LP/J, 129X1/SvJ, NOR/LtJ, A/J, C57BL/6, NOD/LyJ, DBA/2J, ALR/LtJ, C57L/J. Strains classified with ahl that DO NOT carry this mutation include: C3H/HeSnJ, I/LnJ,YBR/Ei, MRL/MpJ. [MGI Ref ID J:86905]
Allele Symbol		Fbrwt1C57BL/6J
Allele Name		C57BL/6J
Allele Type		QTL
Strain of Origin		C57BL/6J
Gene Symbol and Name		Fbrwt1, forebrain weight 1
Chromosome		1
Molecular Note		This allele confers increased forebrain weight compared to DBA/2J. [MGI Ref ID J:143361]
Allele Symbol		Fbrwt2C57BL/6J
Allele Name		C57BL/6J
Allele Type		QTL
Strain of Origin		C57BL/6J
Gene Symbol and Name		Fbrwt2, forebrain weight 2
Chromosome		11
Gene Common Name(s)		Fbrwt11;
Molecular Note		This allele confers increased forebrain weight compared to DBA/2J. [MGI Ref ID J:143361]
Allele Symbol		Gluchos1C57BL/6J
Allele Name		C57BL/6J
Allele Type		QTL
Strain of Origin		C57BL/6J
Gene Symbol and Name		Gluchos1, glucose homeostasis QTL 1
Chromosome		13
Allele Symbol		Gluchos2C57BL/6J
Allele Name		C57BL/6J
Allele Type		QTL
Strain of Origin		C57BL/6J
Gene Symbol and Name		Gluchos2, glucose homeostasis QTL 2
Chromosome		11
Allele Symbol		Gluchos3C57BL/6J
Allele Name		C57BL/6J
Allele Type		QTL
Strain of Origin		C57BL/6J
Gene Symbol and Name		Gluchos3, glucose homeostasis QTL 3
Chromosome		9
Molecular Note		This allele confers 50% decreased plasma insulin at T30 during the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test compared to C3H/HeH. [MGI Ref ID J:106692]
Allele Symbol		NntC57BL/6J
Allele Name		C57BL/6J
Allele Type		Spontaneous
Strain of Origin		C57BL/6J
Gene Symbol and Name		Nnt, nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase
Chromosome		13
Gene Common Name(s)		4930423F13Rik; AI323702; BB168308; MGC109126; MGC126502; MGC126503; RIKEN cDNA 4930423F13 gene; expressed sequence AI323702; expressed sequence BB168308;
Molecular Note		This allele contains a stretch of 17,814 bp missing between exons 6 and 12. RT-PCR demonstrated cDNA corresponding to exons 7-11 was absent. Mature protein was not detected in these mutants. [MGI Ref ID J:106692] [MGI Ref ID J:108213]

Genotyping

Genotyping Information

Genotyping Protocols

A^w-J, SEP PCR, vers. 2

Helpful Links

Genotyping resources and troubleshooting

References

References

Selected Reference(s)

Black BL; Croom J; Eisen EJ; Petro AE; Edwards CL; Surwit RS. 1998. Differential effects of fat and sucrose on body composition in A/J and C57BL/6 mice. Metabolism 47(11):1354-9. [PubMed: 9826212]  [MGI Ref ID J:50965]

Champy MF; Selloum M; Zeitler V; Caradec C; Jung B; Rousseau S; Pouilly L; Sorg T; Auwerx J. 2008. Genetic background determines metabolic phenotypes in the mouse. Mamm Genome 19(5):318-31. [PubMed: 18392653]  [MGI Ref ID J:137669]

Drake TA; Schadt E; Hannani K; Kabo JM; Krass K; Colinayo V; Greaser LE rd; Goldin J; Lusis AJ. 2001. Genetic loci determining bone density in mice with diet-induced atherosclerosis. Physiol Genomics 5(4):205-15. [PubMed: 11328966]  [MGI Ref ID J:69682]

Ishida BY; Blanche PJ; Nichols AV; Yashar M; Paigen B. 1991. Effects of atherogenic diet consumption on lipoproteins in mouse strains C57BL/6 and C3H. J Lipid Res 32(4):559-68. [PubMed: 1856605]  [MGI Ref ID J:109926]

Jiao S; Cole TG; Kitchens RT; Pfleger B; Schonfeld G. 1990. Genetic heterogeneity of plasma lipoproteins in the mouse: control of low density lipoprotein particle sizes by genetic factors. J Lipid Res 31(3):467-77. [PubMed: 1971301]  [MGI Ref ID J:15484]

Kirk EA; Moe GL; Caldwell MT; Lernmark JA; Wilson DL; LeBoeuf RC. 1995. Hyper- and hypo-responsiveness to dietary fat and cholesterol among inbred mice: searching for level and variability genes. J Lipid Res 36(7):1522-32. [PubMed: 7595076]  [MGI Ref ID J:28648]

Nishina PM; Verstuyft J; Paigen B. 1990. Synthetic low and high fat diets for the study of atherosclerosis in the mouse. J Lipid Res 31(5):859-69. [PubMed: 2380634]  [MGI Ref ID J:27046]

Nishina PM; Wang J; Toyofuku W; Kuypers FA; Ishida BY; Paigen B. 1993. Atherosclerosis and plasma and liver lipids in nine inbred strains of mice. Lipids 28(7):599-605. [PubMed: 8355588]  [MGI Ref ID J:13267]

Paigen B. 1995. Genetics of responsiveness to high-fat and high- cholesterol diets in the mouse. Am J Clin Nutr 62(2):458S-462S. [PubMed: 7625360]  [MGI Ref ID J:28248]

Paigen B; Ishida BY; Verstuyft J; Winters RB; Albee D. 1990. Atherosclerosis susceptibility differences among progenitors of recombinant inbred strains of mice. Arteriosclerosis 10(2):316-23. [PubMed: 2317166]  [MGI Ref ID J:22615]

Paigen B; Morrow A; Brandon C; Mitchell D; Holmes P. 1985. Variation in susceptibility to atherosclerosis among inbred strains of mice. Atherosclerosis 57(1):65-73. [PubMed: 3841001]  [MGI Ref ID J:109950]

Toye AA; Lippiat JD; Proks P; Shimomura K; Bentley L; Hugill A; Mijat V; Goldsworthy M; Moir L; Haynes A; Quarterman J; Freeman HC; Ashcroft FM; Cox RD. 2005. A genetic and physiological study of impaired glucose homeostasis control in C57BL/6J mice. Diabetologia 48(4):675-86. [PubMed: 15729571]  [MGI Ref ID J:106692]

Waterston RH; Lindblad-Toh K; Birney E; Rogers J; Abril JF; Agarwal P; Agarwala R; Ainscough R; Alexandersson M; An P; Antonarakis SE; Attwood J; Baertsch R; Bailey J; Barlow K; Beck S; Berry E; Birren B; Bloom T; Bork P; Botcherby M; Bray N; Brent MR; Brown DG; Brown SD; Bult C; Burton J; Butler J; Campbell RD; Carninci P; Cawley S; Chiaromonte F; Chinwalla AT; Church DM; Clamp M; Clee C; Collins FS; Cook LL; Copley RR; Coulson A; Couronne O; Cuff J; Curwen V; Cutts T; Daly M; David R; Davies J; Delehaun. 2002. Initial sequencing and comparative analysis of the mouse genome. Nature 420(6915):520-62. [PubMed: 12466850]  [MGI Ref ID J:80507]

Additional References

Beamer WG; Donahue LR; Rosen CJ; Baylink DJ. 1996. Genetic variability in adult bone density among inbred strains of mice. Bone 18(5):397-403. [PubMed: 8739896]  [MGI Ref ID J:33789]

Beamer WG; Shultz KL; Churchill GA; Frankel WN; Baylink DJ; Rosen CJ; Donahue LR. 1999. Quantitative trait loci for bone density in C57BL/6J and CAST/EiJ inbred mice. Mamm Genome 10(11):1043-9. [PubMed: 10556421]  [MGI Ref ID J:58152]

Bultman SJ; Klebig ML; Michaud EJ; Sweet HO; Davisson MT; Woychik RP. 1994. Molecular analysis of reverse mutations from nonagouti (a) to black-and-tan (a(t)) and white-bellied agouti (Aw) reveals alternative forms of agouti transcripts. Genes Dev 8(4):481-90. [PubMed: 8125260]  [MGI Ref ID J:16984]

Bultman SJ; Michaud EJ; Woychik RP. 1992. Molecular characterization of the mouse agouti locus. Cell 71(7):1195-204. [PubMed: 1473152]  [MGI Ref ID J:3523]

Chen J; Astle CM; Harrison DE. 2000. Genetic regulation of primitive hematopoietic stem cell senescence. Exp Hematol 28(4):442-50. [PubMed: 10781902]  [MGI Ref ID J:61814]

Erway LC; Shiau YW; Davis RR; Krieg EF. 1996. Genetics of age-related hearing loss in mice. III. Susceptibility of inbred and F1 hybrid strains to noise-induced hearing loss. Hear Res 93(1-2):181-7. [PubMed: 8735078]  [MGI Ref ID J:33970]

Ewart SL; Kuperman D; Schadt E; Tankersley C; Grupe A; Shubitowski DM; Peltz G; Wills-Karp M. 2000. Quantitative trait loci controlling allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in inbred mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 23(4):537-45. [PubMed: 11017920]  [MGI Ref ID J:66641]

Freeman HC; Hugill A; Dear NT; Ashcroft FM; Cox RD. 2006. Deletion of Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase: A New Quantitive Trait Locus Accounting for Glucose Intolerance in C57BL/6J Mice. Diabetes 55(7):2153-6. [PubMed: 16804088]  [MGI Ref ID J:109356]

Hollyfield JG; Bonilha VL; Rayborn ME; Yang X; Shadrach KG; Lu L; Ufret RL; Salomon RG; Perez VL. 2008. Oxidative damage-induced inflammation initiates age-related macular degeneration. Nat Med :. [PubMed: 18223656]  [MGI Ref ID J:129432]

Le AD; Ko J; Chow S; Quan B. 1994. Alcohol consumption by C57BL/6, BALB/c, and DBA/2 mice in a limited access paradigm. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 47(2):375-8. [PubMed: 8146231]  [MGI Ref ID J:17161]

Miller MW; Duhl DM; Vrieling H; Cordes SP; Ollmann MM; Winkes BM; Barsh GS. 1993. Cloning of the mouse agouti gene predicts a secreted protein ubiquitously expressed in mice carrying the lethal yellow mutation. Genes Dev 7(3):454-67. [PubMed: 8449404]  [MGI Ref ID J:4186]

Moy SS; Nadler JJ; Young NB; Perez A; Holloway LP; Barbaro RP; Barbaro JR; Wilson LM; Threadgill DW; Lauder JM; Magnuson TR; Crawley JN. 2007. Mouse behavioral tasks relevant to autism: phenotypes of 10 inbred strains. Behav Brain Res 176(1):4-20. [PubMed: 16971002]  [MGI Ref ID J:138682]

Nguyen PV; Duffy SN; Young JZ. 2000. Differential maintenance and frequency-dependent tuning of LTP at hippocampal synapses of specific strains of inbred mice. J Neurophysiol 84(5):2484-93. [PubMed: 11067991]  [MGI Ref ID J:71278]

O'Malley J; Matesic LE; Zink MC; Strandberg JD; Mooney ML; De Maio A; Reeves RH. 1998. Comparison of acute endotoxin-induced lesions in A/J and C57BL/6J mice. J Hered 89(6):525-30. [PubMed: 9864862]  [MGI Ref ID J:51631]

Parekh PI; Petro AE; Tiller JM; Feinglos MN; Surwit RS. 1998. Reversal of diet-induced obesity and diabetes in C57BL/6J mice. Metabolism 47(9):1089-96. [PubMed: 9751238]  [MGI Ref ID J:49858]

Parham K. 1997. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions in the C57BL/6J mouse model of age-related hearing loss. Hear Res 112(1-2):216-34. [PubMed: 9367243]  [MGI Ref ID J:44149]

Roberts JE; Watters JW; Ballard JD; Dietrich WF. 1998. Ltx1, a mouse locus that influences the susceptibility of macrophages to cytolysis caused by intoxication with Bacillus anthracis lethal factor, maps to chromosome 11. Mol Microbiol 29(2):581-91. [PubMed: 9720874]  [MGI Ref ID J:49726]

Rohan RM; Fernandez A; Udagawa T; Yuan J; D'Amato RJ. 2000. Genetic heterogeneity of angiogenesis in mice. FASEB J 14(7):871-6. [PubMed: 10783140]  [MGI Ref ID J:61808]

Rossmeisl M; Rim JS; Koza RA; Kozak LP. 2003. Variation in type 2 diabetes--related traits in mouse strains susceptible to diet-induced obesity. Diabetes 52(8):1958-66. [PubMed: 12882911]  [MGI Ref ID J:86027]

Sarna JR; Dyck RH; Whishaw IQ. 2000. The Dalila effect: C57BL6 mice barber whiskers by plucking. Behav Brain Res 108(1):39-45. [PubMed: 10680755]  [MGI Ref ID J:71538]

Smith BK; Andrews PK; West DB. 2000. Macronutrient diet selection in thirteen mouse strains. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 278(4):R797-805. [PubMed: 10749765]  [MGI Ref ID J:61602]

Smith RS; Roderick TH; Sundberg JP. 1994. Microphthalmia and associated abnormalities in inbred black mice. Lab Anim Sci 44(6):551-60. [PubMed: 7898027]  [MGI Ref ID J:24131]

Vrieling H; Duhl DM; Millar SE; Miller KA; Barsh GS. 1994. Differences in dorsal and ventral pigmentation result from regional expression of the mouse agouti gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91(12):5667-71. [PubMed: 8202545]  [MGI Ref ID J:18750]

Welkos SL; Keener TJ; Gibbs PH. 1986. Differences in susceptibility of inbred mice to Bacillus anthracis. Infect Immun 51(3):795-800. [PubMed: 3081444]  [MGI Ref ID J:8197]

West DB; Boozer CN; Moody DL; Atkinson RL. 1992. Dietary obesity in nine inbred mouse strains. Am J Physiol 262(6 Pt 2):R1025-32. [PubMed: 1621856]  [MGI Ref ID J:1348]

Whitehead GS; Walker JK; Berman KG; Foster WM; Schwartz DA. 2003. Allergen-induced airway disease is mouse strain dependent. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 285(1):L32-42. [PubMed: 12626335]  [MGI Ref ID J:84265]

Zhu W; Gilmour MI. 2009. Comparison of allergic lung disease in three mouse strains after systemic or mucosal sensitization with ovalbumin antigen. Immunogenetics 61(3):199-207. [PubMed: 19224206]  [MGI Ref ID J:146790]

Cdh23^ahl related

Davis RR; Newlander JK; Ling X; Cortopassi GA; Krieg EF; Erway LC. 2001. Genetic basis for susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss in mice. Hear Res 155(1-2):82-90. [PubMed: 11335078]  [MGI Ref ID J:69679]

Di Palma F; Pellegrino R; Noben-Trauth K. 2001. Genomic structure, alternative splice forms and normal and mutant alleles of cadherin 23 (Cdh23). Gene 281(1-2):31-41. [PubMed: 11750125]  [MGI Ref ID J:73941]

Johnson KR; Erway LC; Cook SA; Willott JF; Zheng QY. 1997. A major gene affecting age-related hearing loss in C57BL/6J mice Hear Res 114(1-2):83-92. [PubMed: 9447922]  [MGI Ref ID J:44966]

Johnson KR; Longo-Guess C; Gagnon LH; Yu H; Zheng QY. 2008. A locus on distal chromosome 11 (ahl8) and its interaction with Cdh23 ahl underlie the early onset, age-related hearing loss of DBA/2J mice. Genomics 92(4):219-25. [PubMed: 18662770]  [MGI Ref ID J:139223]

Johnson KR; Zheng QY; Bykhovskaya Y; Spirina O; Fischel-Ghodsian N. 2001. A nuclear-mitochondrial DNA interaction affecting hearing impairment in mice. Nat Genet 27(2):191-4. [PubMed: 11175788]  [MGI Ref ID J:67312]

Johnson KR; Zheng QY; Noben-Trauth K. 2006. Strain background effects and genetic modifiers of hearing in mice. Brain Res 1091(1):79-88. [PubMed: 16579977]  [MGI Ref ID J:110459]

Johnson KR; Zheng QY; Weston MD; Ptacek LJ; Noben-Trauth K. 2005. The Mass1(frings) mutation underlies early onset hearing impairment in BUB/BnJ mice, a model for the auditory pathology of Usher syndrome IIC. Genomics 85(5):582-90. [PubMed: 15820310]  [MGI Ref ID J:97534]

Keithley EM; Canto C; Zheng QY; Fischel-Ghodsian N; Johnson KR. 2004. Age-related hearing loss and the ahl locus in mice. Hear Res 188(1-2):21-8. [PubMed: 14759567]  [MGI Ref ID J:87783]

Liu X; Bulgakov OV; Darrow KN; Pawlyk B; Adamian M; Liberman MC; Li T. 2007. Usherin is required for maintenance of retinal photoreceptors and normal development of cochlear hair cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104(11):4413-8. [PubMed: 17360538]  [MGI Ref ID J:118927]

Mathews CE; Leiter EH. 1999. Resistance of ALR/Lt islets to free radical-mediated diabetogenic stress is inherited as a dominant trait. Diabetes 48(11):2189-96. [PubMed: 10535453]  [MGI Ref ID J:109893]

Nadeau JH. 2003. Modifier genes and protective alleles in humans and mice. Curr Opin Genet Dev 13(3):290-5. [PubMed: 12787792]  [MGI Ref ID J:88012]

Noben-Trauth K; Zheng QY; Johnson KR. 2003. Association of cadherin 23 with polygenic inheritance and genetic modification of sensorineural hearing loss. Nat Genet 35(1):21-3. [PubMed: 12910270]  [MGI Ref ID J:86905]

Noben-Trauth K; Zheng QY; Johnson KR; Nishina PM. 1997. mdfw: a deafness susceptibility locus that interacts with deaf waddler (dfw). Genomics 44(3):266-72. [PubMed: 9325047]  [MGI Ref ID J:38429]

Vazquez AE; Jimenez AM; Martin GK; Luebke AE; Lonsbury-Martin BL. 2004. Evaluating cochlear function and the effects of noise exposure in the B6.CAST+Ahl mouse with distortion product otoacoustic emissions. Hear Res 194(1-2):87-96. [PubMed: 15276680]  [MGI Ref ID J:117746]

Zheng QY; Johnson KR. 2001. Hearing loss associated with the modifier of deaf waddler (mdfw) locus corresponds with age-related hearing loss in 12 inbred strains of mice. Hear Res 154(1-2):45-53. [PubMed: 11423214]  [MGI Ref ID J:70964]

Fbrwt1^C57BL/6J related

Lu L; Wei L; Peirce JL; Wang X; Zhou J; Homayouni R; Williams RW; Airey DC. 2008. Using gene expression databases for classical trait QTL candidate gene discovery in the BXD recombinant inbred genetic reference population: mouse forebrain weight. BMC Genomics 9:444. [PubMed: 18817551]  [MGI Ref ID J:143361]

Fbrwt2^C57BL/6J related

Lu L; Wei L; Peirce JL; Wang X; Zhou J; Homayouni R; Williams RW; Airey DC. 2008. Using gene expression databases for classical trait QTL candidate gene discovery in the BXD recombinant inbred genetic reference population: mouse forebrain weight. BMC Genomics 9:444. [PubMed: 18817551]  [MGI Ref ID J:143361]

Gluchos1^C57BL/6J related

Freeman HC; Hugill A; Dear NT; Ashcroft FM; Cox RD. 2006. Deletion of Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase: A New Quantitive Trait Locus Accounting for Glucose Intolerance in C57BL/6J Mice. Diabetes 55(7):2153-6. [PubMed: 16804088]  [MGI Ref ID J:109356]

Nnt^C57BL/6J related

Freeman HC; Hugill A; Dear NT; Ashcroft FM; Cox RD. 2006. Deletion of Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase: A New Quantitive Trait Locus Accounting for Glucose Intolerance in C57BL/6J Mice. Diabetes 55(7):2153-6. [PubMed: 16804088]  [MGI Ref ID J:109356]

Huang TT; Naeemuddin M; Elchuri S; Yamaguchi M; Kozy HM; Carlson EJ; Epstein CJ. 2006. Genetic modifiers of the phenotype of mice deficient in mitochondrial superoxide dismutase. Hum Mol Genet 15(7):1187-94. [PubMed: 16497723]  [MGI Ref ID J:108213]

Health & husbandry

Health & Colony Maintenance Information

Animal Health Reports

Room Number           AX10
Room Number           AX3
Room Number           AX4
Room Number           MP14
Room Number           MP15
Room Number           RB03
Room Number           RB04
Room Number           RB05

Colony Maintenance

Mating System	Sibling x Sibling         (Female x Male)
Diet Information	LabDiet® 5K52/5K67

Purchasing information

Pricing, Supply Level & Notes, Controls, General Terms & Conditions

Pricing

Supply Details

Standard Supply	JAX Ready Strain®. Most popular strains. Readily available in any quantity you need.
Supply Notes	JAX® MEFs: All cell cultures are at passage 3 when cryopreserved, each vial contains 5 million cells. Visit our JAX® Cells, Tissues and Products website for more information. JAX® mES Cells: Each vial contains 3 million cells. Visit our JAX® Cells, Tissues and Products website for more information. Shipped at a specific age in weeks. Mice at a precise age in days, littermates and retired breeders are also available. Strains that must be genotyped are not available until five to seven weeks of age. This strain is available from some international Charles River Laboratories (CRL) breeding facilities in Japan and/or Europe. For more information, see the Worldwide Distributor List for JAX® Mice. Genomic DNA is available for this strain from the Mouse DNA Resource.
Important Note
This strain is homozygous for Cdh23ahl, the age related hearing loss 1 mutation, which on this background results in progressive hearing loss with onset after 10 months of age.

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Terms are granted by individual review and stated on the customer invoice(s) and account statement. These transactions are payable in U.S. currency within the granted terms. Payment for services, products, shipping containers, and shipping costs that are rendered are expected within the payment terms indicated on the invoice or stated by contract. Invoices and account balances in arrears of stated terms may result in The Jackson Laboratory pursuing collection activities including but not limited to outside agencies and court filings.

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The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise

The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX^® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX^® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX^® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.

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JAX^® Mice, Products & Services Conditions of Use

"MICE" means mouse strains, their progeny derived by inbreeding or crossbreeding, unmodified derivatives from mouse strains or their progeny supplied by The Jackson Laboratory ("JACKSON"). "PRODUCTS" means biological materials supplied by JACKSON, and their derivatives. "RECIPIENT" means each recipient of MICE, PRODUCTS, or services provided by JACKSON including each institution, its employees and other researchers under its control. MICE or PRODUCTS shall not be: (i) used for any purpose other than the internal research, (ii) sold or otherwise provided to any third party for any use, or (iii) provided to any agent or other third party to provide breeding or other services. Acceptance of MICE or PRODUCTS from JACKSON shall be deemed as agreement by RECIPIENT to these conditions, and departure from these conditions requires JACKSON's prior written authorization.

In case of dissatisfaction for a valid reason and claimed in writing by a purchaser within ninety (90) days of receipt of mice, products or services, JACKSON will, at its option, provide credit or replacement for the mice or product received or the services provided.

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In no event shall JACKSON, its trustees, directors, officers, employees, and affiliates be liable for any causes of action or damages, including any direct, indirect, special, or consequential damages, arising out of the provision of MICE, PRODUCTS or services, including economic damage or injury to property and lost profits, and including any damage arising from acts or negligence on the part of JACKSON, its agents or employees. In purchasing or receiving MICE, PRODUCTS or services from JACKSON, purchaser or recipient, or any party claiming by or through them, expressly releases and discharges JACKSON from all such causes of action or damages, and further agrees to defend and indemnify JACKSON from any costs or damages arising out of any third party claims.

MICE and PRODUCTS are to be used in a safe manner and in accordance with all applicable governmental rules and regulations.

The foregoing represents the General Terms and Conditions applicable to JACKSON’s MICE, PRODUCTS or services. In addition, special terms and conditions of sale of certain MICE, PRODUCTS or services may be set forth separately in JACKSON web pages, catalogs, price lists, contracts, and/or other documents, and these special terms and conditions shall also govern the sale of these MICE, PRODUCTS and services by JACKSON, and by its licensees and distributors.

Acceptance of delivery of MICE, PRODUCTS or services shall be deemed agreement to these terms and conditions. No purchase order or other document transmitted by purchaser or recipient that may modify the terms and conditions hereof, shall be in any way binding on JACKSON, and instead the terms and conditions set forth herein, including any special terms and conditions set forth separately, shall govern the sale of MICE, PRODUCTS or services by JACKSON.