Description

Strain Information

Former Names leaden    (Changed: 15-DEC-04 ) Type Spontaneous Mutation; Additional information on Genetically Engineered and Mutant Mice. Type Inbred Strain; Additional information on Inbred Strains. Visit our online Nomenclature tutorial. Mating System Sibling x Sibling         (Female x Male)   01-MAR-06 Breeding Considerations This strain is a challenging breeder. Species laboratory mouse H2 Haplotype bc (see, Shen FW 1982) Generation F250 (17-SEP-12) Generation Definitions

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Appearance
leaden (grey)
Related Genotype: a/a Tyrp1^b/Tyrp1^b Mlph^ln/Mlph^ln

Important Note
This strain is homozygous for Cdh23^ahl, the age related hearing loss 1 mutation, which on this background results in progressive hearing loss with onset prior to three months of age.

Description
C57L/J mice are used widely in research as a general purpose strain. Mice have a high incidence of Hodgkin's-like reticulum cell neoplasm at 18 months of age and pituitary tumors in old multiparous females. C57L/J mice are highly susceptible to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) and highly responsive to phytohemagglutinin. In addition, C57L/J mice are highly susceptible to developing atherosclerotic aortic lesions (4500 to 8000 um² atherosclerotic aortic lesions/aortic cross-section) following 14 weeks on an atherogenic diet (1.25% cholesterol, 0.5% cholic acid and 15% fat) (Paigen et al. 1990). On a lithogenic diet, C57L/J mice develop gallstones as a result of abnormal regulation of cholesterol synthesis (Xua et al. 2004). C57L/J mice carry no detectable endogenous ecotropic MuLV DNA sequences.

Development
C57L/J mice were inbred following a mutation in a now extinct substrain of C57BR at F22. Inbreeding was carried out by J Murray at The Jackson Laboratory beginning in 1933. They were transferred to the production facility in 1947 at F45. The current generation of inbreeding is F203+.

Related Strains

Strains carrying   Ahr^b-1 allele

000136	B6.C-H34c/(HW22)ByJ
000663	C57BL/6By
001139	C57BL/6ByJ
000664	C57BL/6J
000662	C57BLKS/J
000667	C57BR/cdJ
000669	C58/J
000351	CXB1/ByJ
000356	CXB6/ByJ
002937	D2.B6-Ahrb-1/J
000677	MA/MyJ

View Strains carrying   Ahr^b-1     (11 strains)

Strains carrying   Cdh23^ahl allele

001137	129P1/ReJ
000690	129P3/J
000691	129X1/SvJ
000646	A/J
000647	A/WySnJ
003070	ALR/LtJ
003072	ALS/LtJ
004502	B6;AKR-Lxl2/GrsrJ
001026	BALB/cByJ
000653	BUB/BnJ
005494	C3.129S1(B6)-Grm1rcw/J
000664	C57BL/6J
004764	C57BL/6J-Cdh23v-8J/J
003129	C57BL/6J-Epha4rb-2J/GrsrJ
004820	C57BL/6J-Kcne12J/J
004703	C57BL/6J-Kcnq2Nmf134/J
004811	C57BL/6J-nmf110/J
004812	C57BL/6J-nmf111/J
004747	C57BL/6J-nmf118/J
004656	C57BL/6J-nmf88/J
004391	C57BL/6J-Chr 13A/J/NaJ
004385	C57BL/6J-Chr 7A/J/NaJ
000662	C57BLKS/J
000667	C57BR/cdJ
000669	C58/J
010614	CBACa.B6-Cdh23ahl/Kjn
000657	CE/J
000670	DBA/1J
001140	DBA/1LacJ
000671	DBA/2J
007048	DBA/2J-Gpnmb+/SjJ
002106	KK/HlJ
000675	LG/J
000676	LP/J
000677	MA/MyJ
001976	NOD/ShiLtJ
002050	NOR/LtJ
000679	P/J
002747	SENCARB/PtJ
002335	SKH2/J
003392	STOCK Crb1rd8/J

View Strains carrying   Cdh23^ahl     (41 strains)

Strains carrying   Mlph^ln allele

000112	B6.Cg-Sgk3fz H54 Mlphln/+ H54 +/J
000643	DW/J Mlphln Pou1f1dw/J
002902	STOCK Pax3Sp Mlphln/J
000275	V/LeJ

View Strains carrying   Mlph^ln     (4 strains)

Strains carrying   Rmcf^s allele

000646	A/J
000648	AKR/J
000779	AKXD14/TyJ
000780	AKXD23/TyJ
000764	AKXD27/TyJ
000777	AKXD6/TyJ
000667	C57BR/cdJ
000669	C58/J
000682	RF/J
000644	SEA/GnJ
000686	SJL/J
000688	ST/bJ

View Strains carrying   Rmcf^s     (12 strains)

Strains carrying other alleles of Ahr

000690	129P3/J
000645	A/HeJ
000646	A/J
000648	AKR/J
002920	B6(D2N).Spretus-Ahrb-3/J
006203	B6.129(FVB)-Ahrtm3.1Bra/J
002831	B6.129-Ahrtm1Bra/J
000130	B6.C-H17c/(HW14)ByJ
000370	B6.C-H38c/(HW119)ByJ
008599	B6.Cg-Cyp1a2/Cyp1a1tm2Dwn Ahrd Tg(CYP1A1,CYP1A2)1Dwn/DwnJ
002921	B6.D2N-Ahrd/J
002727	B6;129-Ahrtm1Bra/J
001026	BALB/cByJ
000652	BDP/J
000653	BUB/BnJ
000659	C3H/HeJ
000926	CAROLI/EiJ
000928	CAST/EiJ
000656	CBA/J
000657	CE/J
000352	CXB2/ByJ
000353	CXB3/ByJ
000354	CXB4/ByJ
000355	CXB5/ByJ
000357	CXB7/ByJ
000671	DBA/2J
000673	HRS/J
000674	I/LnJ
000675	LG/J
000676	LP/J
000550	MOLF/EiJ
000684	NZB/BlNJ
000679	P/J
000930	PERA/EiJ
000726	RBF/DnJ
000682	RF/J
000644	SEA/GnJ
000280	SF/CamEiJ
000686	SJL/J
001146	SPRET/EiJ
000688	ST/bJ
000689	SWR/J
000693	WC/ReJ KitlSl/J
000933	YBR/EiJ

View Strains carrying other alleles of Ahr     (44 strains)

Strains carrying other alleles of Cdh23

002552	B6(V)-Cdh23v-2J/J
002756	B6.CAST-Cdh23Ahl+/Kjn
010615	B6.CBACa-Cdh23CBA/CaJ/Kjn
002432	B6J x B6.C-H2-Kbm1/ByJ-Cdh23v-J/J
004764	C57BL/6J-Cdh23v-8J/J
004819	C57BL/6J-Cdh23v-9J/J
005016	CByJ;B6-Cdh23v-10J/J
000275	V/LeJ

View Strains carrying other alleles of Cdh23     (8 strains)

Strains carrying other alleles of Mlph

000681	DW.C3-Mlph+ Pou1f1+/J
001640	STOCK Mlphln-l1Rk3/J

View Strains carrying other alleles of Mlph     (2 strains)

Strains carrying other alleles of Obq3

000648

AKR/J

View Strains carrying other alleles of Obq3     (1 strain)

Strains carrying other alleles of Obq4

000648

AKR/J

View Strains carrying other alleles of Obq4     (1 strain)

Strains carrying other alleles of Rmcf

000690	129P3/J
000765	AKXD13/TyJ
000954	AKXD15/TyJ
001093	AKXD18/TyJ
000947	AKXD22/TyJ
000763	AKXD9/TyJ
000654	CBA/CaJ
000670	DBA/1J

View Strains carrying other alleles of Rmcf     (8 strains)

Additional Web Information

JAX^® NOTES, April 1988; 433. H-2 Haplotypes of Mice from Jackson Laboratory Production Colonies.

Phenotype

Phenotype Information

View Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Data

Mouse Phenome Database
Festing Inbred Strain Characteristics: C57L

View Related Disease (OMIM) Terms

Related Disease (OMIM) Terms provided by MGI

- Potential model based on gene homology relationships. Phenotypic similarity to the human disease has not been tested. Deafness, Autosomal Recessive 12; DFNB12   (CDH23) Griscelli Syndrome, Type 3; GS3   (MLPH) Usher Syndrome, Type ID; USH1D   (CDH23)

View Mammalian Phenotype Terms

Mammalian Phenotype Terms provided by MGI

      assigned by genotype

Rmcf^s/Rmcf^s

        C57L/J

• immune system phenotype
• increased susceptibility to viral infection
  • susceptible to infection with N- and NB-tropic mink cell focus-forming (MCF) viruses   (MGI Ref ID J:7108)

a/a Mlph^ln/Mlph^ln Tyrp1^b/Tyrp1^b

        C57L/J

• pigmentation phenotype
• abnormal coat/hair pigmentation   (MGI Ref ID J:5095)
• • diluted coat color
    • due to clumping of pigment   (MGI Ref ID J:5095)
• abnormal melanocyte morphology
  • results in clumping rather than even distribution of pigment during hair development   (MGI Ref ID J:5095)
• integument phenotype
• abnormal coat/hair pigmentation   (MGI Ref ID J:5095)
• • diluted coat color
    • due to clumping of pigment   (MGI Ref ID J:5095)

View Research Applications

Research Applications

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Cancer Research
Increased Tumor Incidence
      Leukemia
      Other Tissues/Organs
      Other Tissues/Organs: pituitary, reticulum cell neoplasm, type B

Cardiovascular Research
Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis
      Susceptible

Dermatology Research
Color and White Spotting Defects

Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
Autoimmunity
      experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE)

Neurobiology Research
Hearing Defects
      Age related hearing loss

Research Tools
General Purpose

Sensorineural Research
Hearing Defects
      Age related hearing loss

Ahr^b-1 related

Metabolism Research

Research Tools
Toxicology Research

Cdh23^ahl related

Neurobiology Research
Hearing Defects
      Age related hearing loss

Sensorineural Research
Hearing Defects
      Age related hearing loss

Mlph^ln related

Dermatology Research
Color and White Spotting Defects

Genes & Alleles

Gene & Allele Information provided by MGI

Allele Symbol		Ahrb-1
Allele Name		b-1 variant
Allele Type		Not Applicable
Common Name(s)		Ah; Ahb-1; Ahb; Ahhi; Ahrb; In;
Strain of Origin		C57BL/6J
Gene Symbol and Name		Ahr, aryl-hydrocarbon receptor
Chromosome		12
Gene Common Name(s)		Ah; Ahh; Ahre; In; aromatic hydrocarbon responsiveness; aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase; bHLHe76; dioxin receptor; inflammatory reactivity;
General Note		C57BL/6 carries the responsive Ahrb allele; DBA/2 carries nonresponsive Ahrd. Heterozygotes (Ahrb/Ahrd) are responsive (J:5282). Later work identified a second (J:8895) and later a third (J:22144) allele conferring response. Thus the allele in C57, C58, and MA/My strains is now Ahrb-1; Ahrb-2 is carried by BALB/cBy, A, and C3H; and Ahrb-3 by Mus spretus, M. caroli, and MOLF/Ei. The nonresponsive strains AKR, DBA/2, and 129 carry Ahrd (J:22144). Nucleotide and amino acid sequence differences between Ahrb-1 and Ahrd have been determined (J:17460). Strain of origin - this allele was found in C57BL/6, C58/J, C57BR, MA/My strains
Molecular Note		This allele encodes a high affinity, relatively heat stabile, 95 kDa receptor. PCR sequencing of cDNA revealed ten nucleotide differences between the coding sequences of the DBA/2J and C57BL/6J receptors. Five of the ten differences would cause amino acid changes. One of these, a C to T transition in exon 11 would change the arginine codon in the DBA/2J allele to an opal termination codon in the C57BL/6J allele. This change would prevent the 43 amino acid extension of mRNA translation predicted for the DBA/2J allele and account for the smaller size of the peptide produced by this allele (95 kDa vs 104 kDa for the DBA/2J allele). A second C to T transition changes a proline codon in the DBA/2J allele to leucine codon in the C57BL/6J allele, and would likely change secondary structure of the peptide and thus ligand affinity. [MGI Ref ID J:15153] [MGI Ref ID J:17460] [MGI Ref ID J:477]
Allele Symbol		Cdh23ahl
Allele Name		age related hearing loss 1
Allele Type		QTL
Common Name(s)		Cdh23753A; mdfw;
Strain of Origin		multiple strains
Gene Symbol and Name		Cdh23, cadherin 23 (otocadherin)
Chromosome		10
Gene Common Name(s)		4930542A03Rik; CDHR23; RIKEN cDNA 4930542A03 gene; USH1D; W; age related hearing loss 1; ahl; bob; bobby; bus; bustling; mdfw; modifier of deaf waddler; neuroscience mutagenesis facility, 112; neuroscience mutagenesis facility, 181; neuroscience mutagenesis facility, 252; nmf112; nmf181; nmf252; sals; salsa; v; waltzer;
Molecular Note		Genetic complementation tests have shown allelism between the mdfw (modifier of deaf waddler) locus and the ahl locus. Further analysis has identified an association between ahl and a G to A transition at nucleotide position 753 of Cdh23. This hypomorphic allele causes in frame skipping of exon 7 and reduced message stability. Twenty-seven strains classified with ahl and carrying the 753A allele include: CD1, RBF/DnJ, PL/J, AKR/J, RF/J, BALB/cBy, A/WySnJ, P/J, SENCARA/PtJ, DBA/1J, ALS/LtJ, C58/J, C57BLKS/J, 129P1/ReJ, C57BR/cd, SKH2/J, BUB/Bn, MA/MyJ, LP/J, 129X1/SvJ, NOR/LtJ, A/J, C57BL/6, NOD/LtJ, DBA/2J, ALR/LtJ, C57L/J. Strains classified with ahl that DO NOT carry this mutation include: C3H/HeSnJ, I/LnJ,YBR/Ei, MRL/MpJ. [MGI Ref ID J:86905]
Allele Symbol		Mlphln
Allele Name		leaden
Allele Type		Spontaneous
Common Name(s)		ln;
Strain of Origin		C57BR
Gene Symbol and Name		Mlph, melanophilin
Chromosome		1
Gene Common Name(s)		2210418F23Rik; 5031433I09Rik; AW228792; D1Wsu84e; DNA segment, Chr 1, Wayne State University 84, expressed; SLAC2-A; Slac-2a; expressed sequence AW228792; l(1)-3Rk; l1Rk3; leaden; lethal, Chr 1, Roderick 3; ln;
Molecular Note		This allele has a C to T transition at mRNA nucleotide position 266. This introduces a stop codon in the sequence of the normally spliced transcript and it also creates a new splice donor site in exon 2. Use of this alternative splice site yields a transcript with an in-frame 21 base pair deletion that deletes 7 amino acids from the translated protein. Northern blots failed to detect this size difference and did not find any change from normal in transcript expression level. [MGI Ref ID J:71302]
Allele Symbol		Obq3C57L/J
Allele Name		C57L/J
Allele Type		QTL
Strain of Origin		C57L/J
Gene Symbol and Name		Obq3, obesity QTL 3
Chromosome		2
General Note		Obq3 exhibits additive inheritance.
Allele Symbol		Obq4C57L/J
Allele Name		C57L/J
Allele Type		QTL
Strain of Origin		C57L/J
Gene Symbol and Name		Obq4, obesity QTL 4
Chromosome		17
General Note		Obq4 may also be consistent with an additive mode of inheritance.
Molecular Note		This allele confers increased adiposity in male animals compared to AKR/J, and accounts for 11.7% of the phenotypic variance in male inguinal fat pad weight (percentage). [MGI Ref ID J:39947]
Allele Symbol		Rmcfs
Allele Name		MCF sensitive
Allele Type		Spontaneous
Strain of Origin		multiple strains
Gene Symbol and Name		Rmcf, resistance to MCF virus
Chromosome		5
General Note		This locus controls resistance and susceptibility of cells in tissue culture to infection by mink cell focus-forming murine leukemia viruses. The allele Rmcfr determines resistance and occurs in strains DBA/1, DBA/2, and CBA/Ca; the allele Rmcfs determines susceptibility and occurs in strains AKR/J, C57BL/6, BALB/c, CBA/J, NFS, NZB, 129/J, and many others. Heterozygotes are as resistant as the resistant parent or nearly so. Rmcf is different from and independent of Fv1,a locus that controls susceptibility to infection by ecotropic viruses. Rmcf is located on Chr 5 close to Hm near the centromeric end (J:7108). Rmcfr protects (AKR x CBA/Ca)F1 and (AKR x DBA/2)F1 hybrids from development of spontaneous thymic lymphomas and reduces the incidence of MCF-induced thymic lymphomas (J:7175). It also reduces susceptibility of cells of Sxvs/Sxvr mice to exogenous xenotropic viruses (J:7951). In addition, in strains susceptible to Friend virus-induced erythroleukemia, a condition thought to be due to the replication of MCF virus, Rmcfr increases resistance to the virus-induced erythroleukemia. It may cause resistance by coding for or regulating the production of an MCF-related envelope glycoprotein that blocks the receptor for MCF viruses (J:8074). This conclusion is reinforced by the findings of Buller et al. (J:8497), who showed that the Rmcfr allele contains an endogenous MCF gp70 env gene and that theRmcfs allele, at least in some strains (C57BL/6, CBA/J, and A/WySn), contains a xenotropic gp70 env gene. Presumably the MCF gp70 inhibits exogenous MCF infection in vitro by a mechanism of viral interference.
Molecular Note		This locus controls resistance of cells to infection by mink cell focus-forming murine leukemia viruses. The recessive s (susceptible) allele is found in AKR/J, C57BL/6, BALB/c, CBA/J, NFS, NZB and 129/J.

Genotyping

Genotyping Information

Inbred mouse strains are maintained through sibling (sister x brother) matings; no genotyping required.

Helpful Links

Genotyping resources and troubleshooting

References

References provided by MGI

Selected Reference(s)

Heiniger HJ; Taylor BA; Hards EJ; Meier H. 1975. Heritability of the phytohemagglutinin responsiveness of lymphocytes and its relationship to leukemogenesis. Cancer Res 35(3):825-31. [PubMed: 163691]  [MGI Ref ID J:22608]

Jiao S; Cole TG; Kitchens RT; Pfleger B; Schonfeld G. 1990. Genetic heterogeneity of plasma lipoproteins in the mouse: control of low density lipoprotein particle sizes by genetic factors. J Lipid Res 31(3):467-77. [PubMed: 1971301]  [MGI Ref ID J:15484]

Nishina PM; Wang J; Toyofuku W; Kuypers FA; Ishida BY; Paigen B. 1993. Atherosclerosis and plasma and liver lipids in nine inbred strains of mice. Lipids 28(7):599-605. [PubMed: 8355588]  [MGI Ref ID J:13267]

Paigen B. 1995. Genetics of responsiveness to high-fat and high- cholesterol diets in the mouse. Am J Clin Nutr 62(2):458S-462S. [PubMed: 7625360]  [MGI Ref ID J:28248]

Paigen B; Ishida BY; Verstuyft J; Winters RB; Albee D. 1990. Atherosclerosis susceptibility differences among progenitors of recombinant inbred strains of mice. Arteriosclerosis 10(2):316-23. [PubMed: 2317166]  [MGI Ref ID J:22615]

Paigen B; Morrow A; Brandon C; Mitchell D; Holmes P. 1985. Variation in susceptibility to atherosclerosis among inbred strains of mice. Atherosclerosis 57(1):65-73. [PubMed: 3841001]  [MGI Ref ID J:109950]

Petkov PM; Cassell MA; Sargent EE; Donnelly CJ; Robinson P; Crew V; Asquith S; Haar RV; Wiles MV. 2004. Development of a SNP genotyping panel for genetic monitoring of the laboratory mouse. Genomics 83(5):902-11. [PubMed: 15081119]  [MGI Ref ID J:89298]

Shen FW; Chorney MJ; Boyse EA. 1982. Further polymorphism of the Tla locus defined by monoclonal TL antibodies. Immunogenetics 15(6):573-8. [PubMed: 7106865]  [MGI Ref ID J:6828]

Additional References

Dunn TB; Deringer MK. 1968. Reticulum cell neoplasm, type B, or the Hodgkin's-like lesion of the mouse. J Natl Cancer Inst 40(4):771-821. [PubMed: 4869134]  [MGI Ref ID J:2417]

International Nomenclature Committee. 1952. COMMITTEE on Standardized Nomenclature for Inbred Strains of Mice Cancer Res 12(8):602-13. [PubMed: 14945054]  [MGI Ref ID J:166288]

Jenkins NA; Copeland NG; Taylor BA; Lee BK. 1982. Organization, distribution, and stability of endogenous ecotropic murine leukemia virus DNA sequences in chromosomes of Mus musculus. J Virol 43(1):26-36. [PubMed: 6287001]  [MGI Ref ID J:6844]

Levine S; Sowinski R. 1973. Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in inbred and outbred mice. J Immunol 110(1):139-43. [PubMed: 4631068]  [MGI Ref ID J:24660]

Lindsey JW. 1996. Characteristics of initial and reinduced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Immunogenetics 44(4):292-7. [PubMed: 8753860]  [MGI Ref ID J:35147]

Moy SS; Nadler JJ; Young NB; Perez A; Holloway LP; Barbaro RP; Barbaro JR; Wilson LM; Threadgill DW; Lauder JM; Magnuson TR; Crawley JN. 2007. Mouse behavioral tasks relevant to autism: phenotypes of 10 inbred strains. Behav Brain Res 176(1):4-20. [PubMed: 16971002]  [MGI Ref ID J:138682]

Poland A; Glover E. 1990. Characterization and strain distribution pattern of the murine Ah receptor specified by the Ahd and Ahb-3 alleles. Mol Pharmacol 38(3):306-12. [PubMed: 2169579]  [MGI Ref ID J:34840]

Taylor BA; Phillips SJ. 1997. Obesity QTLs on mouse chromosomes 2 and 17. Genomics 43(3):249-57. [PubMed: 9268627]  [MGI Ref ID J:39947]

West DB; Boozer CN; Moody DL; Atkinson RL. 1992. Dietary obesity in nine inbred mouse strains. Am J Physiol 262(6 Pt 2):R1025-32. [PubMed: 1621856]  [MGI Ref ID J:1348]

Ahr^b-1 related

Benedict WF; Considine N; Nebert DW. 1973. Genetic differences in aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction and benzo(a)pyrene-produced tumorigenesis in the mouse. Mol Pharmacol 9(2):266-77. [PubMed: 4123113]  [MGI Ref ID J:84312]

Boobis AR; Nebert DW. 1976. Genetic differences in the metabolism of carcinogens and in the binding of benzo (a) pyrene metabolites to DNA. Adv Enzyme Regul 15:339-62. [PubMed: 1030186]  [MGI Ref ID J:12156]

Bradfield CA; Glover E; Poland A. 1991. Purification and N-terminal amino acid sequence of the Ah receptor from the C57BL/6J mouse. Mol Pharmacol 39(1):13-9. [PubMed: 1846217]  [MGI Ref ID J:84440]

Burbach KM; Poland A; Bradfield CA. 1992. Cloning of the Ah-receptor cDNA reveals a distinctive ligand-activated transcription factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 89(17):8185-9. [PubMed: 1325649]  [MGI Ref ID J:2256]

Castro DJ; Lohr CV; Fischer KA; Pereira CB; Williams DE. 2008. Lymphoma and lung cancer in offspring born to pregnant mice dosed with dibenzo[a,l]pyrene: the importance of in utero vs. lactational exposure. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 233(3):454-8. [PubMed: 18848954]  [MGI Ref ID J:143604]

Chang C; Smith DR; Prasad VS; Sidman CL; Nebert DW; Puga A. 1993. Ten nucleotide differences, five of which cause amino acid changes, are associated with the Ah receptor locus polymorphism of C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice. Pharmacogenetics 3(6):312-21. [PubMed: 8148872]  [MGI Ref ID J:17460]

Curran CP; Miller KA; Dalton TP; Vorhees CV; Miller ML; Shertzer HG; Nebert DW. 2006. Genetic differences in lethality of newborn mice treated in utero with coplanar versus non-coplanar hexabromobiphenyl. Toxicol Sci 89(2):454-64. [PubMed: 16291824]  [MGI Ref ID J:113285]

Ema M; Sogawa K; Watanabe N; Chujoh Y; Matsushita N; Gotoh O; Funae Y; Fujii-Kuriyama Y. 1992. cDNA cloning and structure of mouse putative Ah receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 184(1):246-53. [PubMed: 1314586]  [MGI Ref ID J:477]

Gielen JE; Goujon FM; Nebert DW. 1972. Genetic regulation of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction. II. Simple Mendelian expression in mouse tissues in vivo. J Biol Chem 247(4):1125-37. [PubMed: 4110756]  [MGI Ref ID J:84250]

Goujon FM; Nebert DW; Gielen JE. 1972. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction. IV. Interaction of various compounds with different forms of cytochrome P-450 and the effect on benzo(a)pyrene metabolism in vitro. Mol Pharmacol 8(6):667-80. [PubMed: 4118365]  [MGI Ref ID J:84252]

Harper PA; Golas CL; Okey AB. 1991. Ah receptor in mice genetically nonresponsive for cytochrome P4501A1 induction: cytosolic Ah receptor, transformation to the nuclear binding state, and induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase by halogenated and nonhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons in embryonic tissues and cells. Mol Pharmacol 40(5):818-26. [PubMed: 1658612]  [MGI Ref ID J:2134]

Kerley-Hamilton JS; Trask HW; Ridley CJ; Dufour E; Lesseur C; Ringelberg CS; Moodie KL; Shipman SL; Korc M; Gui J; Shworak NW; Tomlinson CR. 2012. Inherent and benzo[a]pyrene-induced differential aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling greatly affects life span, atherosclerosis, cardiac gene expression, and body and heart growth in mice. Toxicol Sci 126(2):391-404. [PubMed: 22228805]  [MGI Ref ID J:183715]

Kouri RE; Rude TH; Joglekar R; Dansette PM; Jerina DM; Atlas SA; Owens IS; Nebert DW. 1978. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin as cocarcinogen causing 3-methylcholanthrene-initiated subcutaneous tumors in mice genetically 'nonresponsive' at Ah locus. Cancer Res 38(9):2777-83. [PubMed: 679184]  [MGI Ref ID J:84318]

Levova K; Moserova M; Nebert DW; Phillips DH; Frei E; Schmeiser HH; Arlt VM; Stiborova M. 2012. NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase expression in Cyp1a-knockout and CYP1A-humanized mouse lines and its effect on bioactivation of the carcinogen aristolochic acid I. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 265(3):360-7. [PubMed: 22982977]  [MGI Ref ID J:192865]

Lew BJ; Manickam R; Lawrence BP. 2011. Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor during pregnancy in the mouse alters mammary development through direct effects on stromal and epithelial tissues. Biol Reprod 84(6):1094-102. [PubMed: 21270426]  [MGI Ref ID J:173706]

Moriguchi T; Motohashi H; Hosoya T; Nakajima O; Takahashi S; Ohsako S; Aoki Y; Nishimura N; Tohyama C; Fujii-Kuriyama Y; Yamamoto M. 2003. Distinct response to dioxin in an arylhydrocarbon receptor (AHR)-humanized mouse. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100(10):5652-7. [PubMed: 12730383]  [MGI Ref ID J:132380]

Nebert DW; Atlas SA; Guenthner TM; Kouri RE. 1978. The Ah locus: genetic regulation of the enzymes which metabolize polycyclic hydrocarbons and the risk of cancer. In: Polycyclic Hydrocarbons and Cancer: Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Environment. Academic Press, New York.  [MGI Ref ID J:30693]

Nebert DW; Considine N; Owens IS. 1973. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction. VI. Control of other aromatic hydrocarbon-inducible mono-oxygenase activities at or near the same genetic locus. Arch Biochem Biophys 157(1):148-59. [PubMed: 4716952]  [MGI Ref ID J:84313]

Nebert DW; Gelboin HV. 1969. The in vivo and in vitro induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase in mammalian cells of different species, tissues, strains, and developmental and hormonal states. Arch Biochem Biophys 134(1):76-89. [PubMed: 4981257]  [MGI Ref ID J:84248]

Nebert DW; Gielen JE. 1972. Genetic regulation of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction in the mouse. Fed Proc 31(4):1315-25. [PubMed: 4114109]  [MGI Ref ID J:5282]

Nebert DW; Gielen JE; Goujon FM. 1972. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction. 3. Changes in the binding of n-octylamine to cytochrome P-450. Mol Pharmacol 8(6):651-66. [PubMed: 4118364]  [MGI Ref ID J:84251]

Nebert DW; Goujon FM; Gielen JE. 1972. Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction by polycyclic hydrocarbons: simple autosomal dominant trait in the mouse. Nat New Biol 236(65):107-10. [PubMed: 4502804]  [MGI Ref ID J:84249]

Nebert DW; Robinson JR; Niwa A; Kumaki K; Poland AP. 1975. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in the mouse. J Cell Physiol 85(2 Pt 2 Suppl 1):393-414. [PubMed: 1091656]  [MGI Ref ID J:84317]

Niwa A; Kumaki K; Nebert DW; Poland AP. 1975. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in the mouse. Distinction between the 'responsive' homozygote and heterozygote at the Ah locus. Arch Biochem Biophys 166(2):559-64. [PubMed: 1119809]  [MGI Ref ID J:84316]

Nukaya M; Lin BC; Glover E; Moran SM; Kennedy GD; Bradfield CA. 2010. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein (AIP) is required for dioxin-induced hepatotoxicity but not for the induction of the Cyp1a1 and Cyp1a2 genes. J Biol Chem 285(46):35599-605. [PubMed: 20829355]  [MGI Ref ID J:166864]

Okey AB; Vella LM; Harper PA. 1989. Detection and characterization of a low affinity form of cytosolic Ah receptor in livers of mice nonresponsive to induction of cytochrome P1-450 by 3-methylcholanthrene. Mol Pharmacol 35(6):823-30. [PubMed: 2543914]  [MGI Ref ID J:27899]

Poel WE; Stanton D; Peters E; Wade HO. 1958. Comparative susceptibilities of seven inbred strains of mice to qualified applications of 3, 4-benzpyrene Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res 2:335.  [MGI Ref ID J:84245]

Poland A; Bradfield C. 1992. A brief review of the Ah locus. Tohoku J Exp Med 168(2):83-7. [PubMed: 1339107]  [MGI Ref ID J:12546]

Poland A; Glover E. 1990. Characterization and strain distribution pattern of the murine Ah receptor specified by the Ahd and Ahb-3 alleles. Mol Pharmacol 38(3):306-12. [PubMed: 2169579]  [MGI Ref ID J:34840]

Poland A; Glover E; Kende AS. 1976. Stereospecific, high affinity binding of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin by hepatic cytosol. Evidence that the binding species is receptor for induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase. J Biol Chem 251(16):4936-46. [PubMed: 956169]  [MGI Ref ID J:84247]

Poland A; Glover E; Taylor BA. 1987. The murine Ah locus: a new allele and mapping to chromosome 12. Mol Pharmacol 32(4):471-8. [PubMed: 2823093]  [MGI Ref ID J:8895]

Poland A; Palen D; Glover E. 1994. Analysis of the four alleles of the murine aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Mol Pharmacol 46(5):915-21. [PubMed: 7969080]  [MGI Ref ID J:22144]

Poland AP; Glover E; Robinson JR; Nebert DW. 1974. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity. Induction of monooxygenase activities and cytochrome P1-450 formation by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in mice genetically 'nonresponsive' to other aromatic hydrocarbons. J Biol Chem 249(17):5599-606. [PubMed: 4370044]  [MGI Ref ID J:84314]

Robinson JR; Considine N; Nebert DW. 1974. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction. Evidence for the involvement of other genetic loci. J Biol Chem 249(18):5851-9. [PubMed: 4413562]  [MGI Ref ID J:84315]

Schmid FA; Demetriades MS; Schabel FM 3rd; Tarnowski GS. 1967. Toxicity of several cancerigenic polycyclic hydrocarbons and other agents in AKR and C57BL-6 mice. Cancer Res 27(3):563-7. [PubMed: 6021514]  [MGI Ref ID J:84246]

Schmid FA; Elmer I; Tarnowski GS. 1969. Genetic determination of differential inflammatory reactivity and subcutaneous tumor susceptibility of AKR-J and C57BL-6J mice to 7,12-dimethylbenz- [a]anthracene. Cancer Res 29(8):1585-9. [PubMed: 5807232]  [MGI Ref ID J:34134]

Schmid FA; Pena RC; Robinson W; Tarnowski GS. 1967. Toxicity of intraperitoneal injections of 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in inbred mice. Cancer Res 27(3):558-62. [PubMed: 6021513]  [MGI Ref ID J:26440]

Schmidt JV; Carver LA; Bradfield CA. 1993. Molecular characterization of the murine Ahr gene. Organization, promoter analysis, and chromosomal assignment. J Biol Chem 268(29):22203-9. [PubMed: 8408082]  [MGI Ref ID J:15153]

Smith AG; Clothier B; Robinson S; Scullion MJ; Carthew P; Edwards R; Luo J; Lim CK; Toledano M. 1998. Interaction between iron metabolism and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in mice with variants of the Ahr gene: a hepatic oxidative mechanism. Mol Pharmacol 53(1):52-61. [PubMed: 9443932]  [MGI Ref ID J:45850]

Stiborova M; Levova K; Barta F; Shi Z; Frei E; Schmeiser HH; Nebert DW; Phillips DH; Arlt VM. 2012. Bioactivation versus detoxication of the urothelial carcinogen aristolochic acid I by human cytochrome P450 1A1 and 1A2. Toxicol Sci 125(2):345-58. [PubMed: 22086975]  [MGI Ref ID J:183662]

Taylor BA. 1971. Strain distribution and linkage tests of 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) inflammatory response in mice. Life Sci I 10(19):1127-34. [PubMed: 5132702]  [MGI Ref ID J:5244]

Thomas PE; Hutton JJ; Taylor BA. 1973. Genetic relationship between aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase inducibility and chemical carcinogen induced skin ulceration in mice. Genetics 74(4):655-9. [PubMed: 4750810]  [MGI Ref ID J:5387]

Thomas PE; Kouri RE; Hutton JJ. 1972. The genetics of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction in mice: a single gene difference between C57BL-6J and DBA-2J. Biochem Genet 6(2):157-68. [PubMed: 4666754]  [MGI Ref ID J:31977]

Yu Z; Mahadevan B; Lohr CV; Fischer KA; Louderback MA; Krueger SK; Pereira CB; Albershardt DJ; Baird WM; Bailey GS; Williams DE. 2006. Indole-3-carbinol in the maternal diet provides chemoprotection for the fetus against transplacental carcinogenesis by the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon dibenzo[a,l]pyrene. Carcinogenesis 27(10):2116-23. [PubMed: 16704990]  [MGI Ref ID J:113356]

Cdh23^ahl related

Bosco A; Crish SD; Steele MR; Romero CO; Inman DM; Horner PJ; Calkins DJ; Vetter ML. 2012. Early reduction of microglia activation by irradiation in a model of chronic glaucoma. PLoS One 7(8):e43602. [PubMed: 22952717]  [MGI Ref ID J:191663]

Davis RR; Newlander JK; Ling X; Cortopassi GA; Krieg EF; Erway LC. 2001. Genetic basis for susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss in mice. Hear Res 155(1-2):82-90. [PubMed: 11335078]  [MGI Ref ID J:69679]

Di Palma F; Pellegrino R; Noben-Trauth K. 2001. Genomic structure, alternative splice forms and normal and mutant alleles of cadherin 23 (Cdh23). Gene 281(1-2):31-41. [PubMed: 11750125]  [MGI Ref ID J:73941]

Fetoni AR; Picciotti PM; Paludetti G; Troiani D. 2011. Pathogenesis of presbycusis in animal models: a review. Exp Gerontol 46(6):413-25. [PubMed: 21211561]  [MGI Ref ID J:186964]

Han F; Yu H; Tian C; Chen HE; Benedict-Alderfer C; Zheng Y; Wang Q; Han X; Zheng QY. 2010. A new mouse mutant of the Cdh23 gene with early-onset hearing loss facilitates evaluation of otoprotection drugs. Pharmacogenomics J :. [PubMed: 20644563]  [MGI Ref ID J:174758]

Johnson KR; Erway LC; Cook SA; Willott JF; Zheng QY. 1997. A major gene affecting age-related hearing loss in C57BL/6J mice Hear Res 114(1-2):83-92. [PubMed: 9447922]  [MGI Ref ID J:44966]

Johnson KR; Longo-Guess C; Gagnon LH; Yu H; Zheng QY. 2008. A locus on distal chromosome 11 (ahl8) and its interaction with Cdh23 ahl underlie the early onset, age-related hearing loss of DBA/2J mice. Genomics 92(4):219-25. [PubMed: 18662770]  [MGI Ref ID J:139223]

Johnson KR; Yu H; Ding D; Jiang H; Gagnon LH; Salvi RJ. 2010. Separate and combined effects of Sod1 and Cdh23 mutations on age-related hearing loss and cochlear pathology in C57BL/6J mice. Hear Res 268(1-2):85-92. [PubMed: 20470874]  [MGI Ref ID J:163035]

Johnson KR; Zheng QY; Bykhovskaya Y; Spirina O; Fischel-Ghodsian N. 2001. A nuclear-mitochondrial DNA interaction affecting hearing impairment in mice. Nat Genet 27(2):191-4. [PubMed: 11175788]  [MGI Ref ID J:67312]

Johnson KR; Zheng QY; Noben-Trauth K. 2006. Strain background effects and genetic modifiers of hearing in mice. Brain Res 1091(1):79-88. [PubMed: 16579977]  [MGI Ref ID J:110459]

Johnson KR; Zheng QY; Weston MD; Ptacek LJ; Noben-Trauth K. 2005. The Mass1(frings) mutation underlies early onset hearing impairment in BUB/BnJ mice, a model for the auditory pathology of Usher syndrome IIC. Genomics 85(5):582-90. [PubMed: 15820310]  [MGI Ref ID J:97534]

Kane KL; Longo-Guess CM; Gagnon LH; Ding D; Salvi RJ; Johnson KR. 2012. Genetic background effects on age-related hearing loss associated with Cdh23 variants in mice. Hear Res 283(1-2):80-8. [PubMed: 22138310]  [MGI Ref ID J:183757]

Keithley EM; Canto C; Zheng QY; Fischel-Ghodsian N; Johnson KR. 2004. Age-related hearing loss and the ahl locus in mice. Hear Res 188(1-2):21-8. [PubMed: 14759567]  [MGI Ref ID J:87783]

Liu X; Bulgakov OV; Darrow KN; Pawlyk B; Adamian M; Liberman MC; Li T. 2007. Usherin is required for maintenance of retinal photoreceptors and normal development of cochlear hair cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104(11):4413-8. [PubMed: 17360538]  [MGI Ref ID J:118927]

Manji SS; Williams LH; Miller KA; Ooms LM; Bahlo M; Mitchell CA; Dahl HH. 2011. A mutation in synaptojanin 2 causes progressive hearing loss in the ENU-mutagenised mouse strain Mozart. PLoS One 6(3):e17607. [PubMed: 21423608]  [MGI Ref ID J:171701]

Mathews CE; Leiter EH. 1999. Resistance of ALR/Lt islets to free radical-mediated diabetogenic stress is inherited as a dominant trait. Diabetes 48(11):2189-96. [PubMed: 10535453]  [MGI Ref ID J:109893]

Nadeau JH. 2003. Modifier genes and protective alleles in humans and mice. Curr Opin Genet Dev 13(3):290-5. [PubMed: 12787792]  [MGI Ref ID J:88012]

Noben-Trauth K; Latoche JR; Neely HR; Bennett B. 2010. Phenotype and genetics of progressive sensorineural hearing loss (Snhl1) in the LXS set of recombinant inbred strains of mice. PLoS One 5(7):e11459. [PubMed: 20628639]  [MGI Ref ID J:163117]

Noben-Trauth K; Zheng QY; Johnson KR. 2003. Association of cadherin 23 with polygenic inheritance and genetic modification of sensorineural hearing loss. Nat Genet 35(1):21-3. [PubMed: 12910270]  [MGI Ref ID J:86905]

Noben-Trauth K; Zheng QY; Johnson KR; Nishina PM. 1997. mdfw: a deafness susceptibility locus that interacts with deaf waddler (dfw). Genomics 44(3):266-72. [PubMed: 9325047]  [MGI Ref ID J:38429]

Perrin BJ; Sonnemann KJ; Ervasti JM. 2010. beta-actin and gamma-actin are each dispensable for auditory hair cell development but required for Stereocilia maintenance. PLoS Genet 6(10):e1001158. [PubMed: 20976199]  [MGI Ref ID J:167543]

Vazquez AE; Jimenez AM; Martin GK; Luebke AE; Lonsbury-Martin BL. 2004. Evaluating cochlear function and the effects of noise exposure in the B6.CAST+Ahl mouse with distortion product otoacoustic emissions. Hear Res 194(1-2):87-96. [PubMed: 15276680]  [MGI Ref ID J:117746]

Zheng QY; Johnson KR. 2001. Hearing loss associated with the modifier of deaf waddler (mdfw) locus corresponds with age-related hearing loss in 12 inbred strains of mice. Hear Res 154(1-2):45-53. [PubMed: 11423214]  [MGI Ref ID J:70964]

Zheng QY; Scarborough JD; Zheng Y; Yu H; Choi D; Gillespie PG. 2012. Digenic inheritance of deafness caused by 8J allele of myosin-VIIA and mutations in other Usher I genes. Hum Mol Genet 21(11):2588-98. [PubMed: 22381527]  [MGI Ref ID J:183898]

Zilberstein Y; Liberman MC; Corfas G. 2012. Inner hair cells are not required for survival of spiral ganglion neurons in the adult cochlea. J Neurosci 32(2):405-10. [PubMed: 22238076]  [MGI Ref ID J:179911]

Mlph^ln related

Anderson MG; Hawes NL; Trantow CM; Chang B; John SW. 2008. Iris phenotypes and pigment dispersion caused by genes influencing pigmentation. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 21(5):565-78. [PubMed: 18715234]  [MGI Ref ID J:141035]

Fisher RA. 1953. The linkage of polydactyly with leaden in the house mouse. Heredity 7:91-95.  [MGI Ref ID J:12979]

Hauschka TS; Jacobs BB; Holdridge BA. 1968. Recessive yellow and its interaction with belted in the mouse. J Hered 59(6):339-41. [PubMed: 5713933]  [MGI Ref ID J:5110]

Hearing VJ; Phillips P; Lutzner MA. 1973. The fine structure of melanogenesis in coat color mutants of the mouse. J Ultrastruct Res 43(1):88-106. [PubMed: 4634048]  [MGI Ref ID J:5346]

Hume AN; Collinson LM; Hopkins CR; Strom M; Barral DC; Bossi G; Griffiths GM; Seabra MC. 2002. The leaden gene product is required with Rab27a to recruit myosin Va to melanosomes in melanocytes. Traffic 3(3):193-202. [PubMed: 11886590]  [MGI Ref ID J:105323]

Hume AN; Tarafder AK; Ramalho JS; Sviderskaya EV; Seabra MC. 2006. A coiled-coil domain of melanophilin is essential for Myosin Va recruitment and melanosome transport in melanocytes. Mol Biol Cell 17(11):4720-35. [PubMed: 16914517]  [MGI Ref ID J:117973]

Karolyi IJ; Dootz GA; Halsey K; Beyer L; Probst FJ; Johnson KR; Parlow AF; Raphael Y; Dolan DF; Camper SA. 2007. Dietary thyroid hormone replacement ameliorates hearing deficits in hypothyroid mice. Mamm Genome 18(8):596-608. [PubMed: 17899304]  [MGI Ref ID J:125708]

Markert CL; Silvers WK. 1956. The Effects of Genotype and Cell Environment on Melanoblast Differentiation in the House Mouse. Genetics 41(3):429-50. [PubMed: 17247639]  [MGI Ref ID J:12970]

Matesic LE; Yip R; Reuss AE; Swing DA; O'Sullivan TN; Fletcher CF; Copeland NG; Jenkins NA. 2001. Mutations in Mlph, encoding a member of the Rab effector family, cause the melanosome transport defects observed in leaden mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98(18):10238-43. [PubMed: 11504925]  [MGI Ref ID J:71302]

Moore KJ; Swing DA; Copeland NG; Jenkins NA. 1990. Interaction of the murine dilute suppressor gene (dsu) with fourteen coat color mutations [published erratum appears in Genetics 1990 Sep;126(1):285] Genetics 125(2):421-30. [PubMed: 2379821]  [MGI Ref ID J:29467]

Moore KJ; Swing DA; Rinchik EM; Mucenski ML; Buchberg AM; Copeland NG; Jenkins NA. 1988. The murine dilute suppressor gene dsu suppresses the coat-color phenotype of three pigment mutations that alter melanocyte morphology, d, ash and ln. Genetics 119(4):933-41. [PubMed: 3410303]  [MGI Ref ID J:9309]

Murray JM. 1933. "Leaden", a recent color mutation in the house mouse. Am Naturalist 67:278-283.  [MGI Ref ID J:17162]

Nadeau JH. 2001. Modifier genes in mice and humans. Nat Rev Genet 2(3):165-74. [PubMed: 11256068]  [MGI Ref ID J:88013]

Novak EK; Hui SW; Swank RT. 1984. Platelet storage pool deficiency in mouse pigment mutations associated with seven distinct genetic loci. Blood 63(3):536-44. [PubMed: 6696991]  [MGI Ref ID J:7327]

Silvers WK. 1979. The Coat Colors of Mice; A Model for Mammalian Gene Action and Interaction. In: The Coat Colors of Mice. Springer-Verlag, New York.  [MGI Ref ID J:78801]

Stephenson DA; Glenister PH; Hornby JE. 1985. Site of beige (bg) and leaden (ln) pigment gene expression determined by recombinant embryonic skin grafts and aggregation mouse chimaeras employing sash (Wsh) homozygotes. Genet Res 46(2):193-205. [PubMed: 3910518]  [MGI Ref ID J:8167]

Sweet SE; Quevedo WC Jr. 1968. Role of melanocyte morphology in pigmentation of mouse hair. Anat Rec 162(2):243-54. [PubMed: 5726144]  [MGI Ref ID J:5095]

Ward RD; Stone BM; Raetzman LT; Camper SA. 2006. Cell proliferation and vascularization in mouse models of pituitary hormone deficiency. Mol Endocrinol 20(6):1378-90. [PubMed: 16556738]  [MGI Ref ID J:108961]

Obq3^C57L/J related

Taylor BA; Phillips SJ. 1997. Obesity QTLs on mouse chromosomes 2 and 17. Genomics 43(3):249-57. [PubMed: 9268627]  [MGI Ref ID J:39947]

Obq4^C57L/J related

Taylor BA; Phillips SJ. 1997. Obesity QTLs on mouse chromosomes 2 and 17. Genomics 43(3):249-57. [PubMed: 9268627]  [MGI Ref ID J:39947]

Rmcf^s related

Buller RS; Sitbon M; Portis JL. 1988. The endogenous mink cell focus-forming (MCF) gp70 linked to the Rmcf gene restricts MCF virus replication in vivo and provides partial resistance to erythroleukemia induced by Friend murine leukemia virus. J Exp Med 167(5):1535-46. [PubMed: 2835418]  [MGI Ref ID J:27618]

Hartley JW; Yetter RA; Morse HC 3rd. 1983. A mouse gene on chromosome 5 that restricts infectivity of mink cell focus-forming recombinant murine leukemia viruses. J Exp Med 158(1):16-24. [PubMed: 6306133]  [MGI Ref ID J:7108]

Jung YT; Lyu MS; Buckler-White A; Kozak CA. 2002. Characterization of a polytropic murine leukemia virus proviral sequence associated with the virus resistance gene Rmcf of DBA/2 mice. J Virol 76(16):8218-24. [PubMed: 12134027]  [MGI Ref ID J:78083]

Health & husbandry

Health & Colony Maintenance Information

Animal Health Reports

Room Number           MP13

Colony Maintenance

Mating System	Sibling x Sibling         (Female x Male)   01-MAR-06
Breeding Considerations	This strain is a challenging breeder.
Diet Information	LabDiet® 5K52/5K67

Pricing and Purchasing

Pricing, Supply Level & Notes, Controls

General Supply Notes

• Genomic DNA is available for this strain from the Mouse DNA Resource.

Important Note

This strain is homozygous for Cdh23^ahl, the age related hearing loss 1 mutation, which on this background results in progressive hearing loss with onset prior to three months of age.

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The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX^® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX^® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX^® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.

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