Description

Strain Information

Type Inbred Strain; Additional information on Inbred Strains. Mating System Sibling x Sibling         (Female x Male) Species laboratory mouse H2 Haplotype v Generation F192 (14-DEC-06)

Appearance
white-bellied agouti
Related Genotype: A^w/a

black
Related Genotype: a/a

Description
SM/J mice carry a number of rare polymorphic alleles and are often matched to LG/J (Stock No. 000675), A/J (Stock No. 000646) or NZB/BINJ (Stock No. 000684) for quantitative trait locus analysis. These mice are susceptible to diet-induced obesity and diet-induced atherosclerosis. SM/J mice exhibit a hyperresponsiveness to B cell mitogens (Clark et al. 1981, Engel et al. 1981). A point mutation in Neu1 is responsible for a partial deficiency of lysosomal neuraminadase and may explain the altered immune response (Rottier et al. 1998). Small in size at birth and through weaning, SM/J mice attain a normal body weight as they age.

Development
SM/J, created by MacArthur in 1939 from crosses involving 7 inbred strains - among them DBA - followed by inbreeding with selection for small body size, is segregating white-bellied agouti (A^w) vs. nonagouti (a) at the agouti locus.

Additional Web Information

Genetic Quality Control Annual Report
JAX^® NOTES, April 1988; 433. H-2 Haplotypes of Mice from Jackson Laboratory Production Colonies.

Phenotype

Phenotype Information

View Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Data

Mouse Phenome Database
Festing Inbred Strain Characteristics: SM

View Research Applications

Research Applications

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Cardiovascular Research
Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis (Susceptible)

Developmental Biology Research
Growth Defects

Diabetes and Obesity Research
Obesity Without Diabetes (diet-induced)

Immunology and Inflammation Research
Immunodeficiency (defects in humoral immune responses)

Genes & Alleles

Gene & Allele Information

Allele Symbol		Neu1a
Allele Name		a variant
Allele Type		Not Applicable
Common Name(s)		Neu-1s;
Strain of Origin		SM/J
Gene Symbol and Name		Neu1, neuraminidase 1
Chromosome		17
Gene Common Name(s)		AA407268; AA407316; Aglp; Apl; Bat-7; Bat7; FLJ93471; G9; HLA-B-associated transcript 7; Map-2; NANH; NEU; Neu-1; SIAL1; acid phosphatase, liver; alpha glucosidase processing; expressed sequence AA407268; expressed sequence AA407316; lysosomal sialidase; mannosidase processing 2; sialidase 1;
General Note		Low activity determined by the Neu1a allele occurs in the SM/J inbred strain and in wild mice in the area of Ann Arbor, Michigan; all other inbred strains have high activity determined by the Neu1b allele. Heterozygotes have intermediate activity. Neuraminidase removes extra sialic acid residues from these enzymes. The defective neuraminidase of Neu1a> mice, by failing to remove the extra sialic acid, changes their electrophoretic mobility (J:6480). Level of activity of neuraminidase in activated T lymphocytes is also depressed in Neu1a/Neu1a mice (J:7976).
Molecular Note		Sequencing of the a allele revealed 5 nucleotide differences compared to the b allele. These changes alter the amino acid residues 11, 15, 17, 19 and 209 of the encoded protein from Gly, Tyr, Ala, Arg and Leu to Arg, Cys, Val, Cys and Ile, respectively. This encoded protein has 85-95% less activity than the protein encoded by the b allele as demonstrated in an in vitro assay. Further studies attributed most of the activity loss to the variation at position 209. [MGI Ref ID J:43930] [MGI Ref ID J:77236]

Genotyping

Genotyping Information

This strain will not have a genotyping protocol or one is not currently available.

Helpful Links

Optimizing PCR Protocols

References

References

Selected Reference(s)

Anunciado RV; Nishimura M; Mori M; Ishikawa A; Tanaka S; Horio F; Ohno T; Namikawa T. 2001. Quantitative trait loci for body weight in the intercross between SM/J and A/J mice. Exp Anim 50(4):319-24. [PubMed: 11515095]  [MGI Ref ID J:71465]

Ehrich TH; Kenney JP; Vaughn TT; Pletscher LS; Cheverud JM. 2003. Diet, obesity, and hyperglycemia in LG/J and SM/J mice. Obes Res 11(11):1400-10. [PubMed: 14627762]  [MGI Ref ID J:86873]

Korstanje R; Albers JJ; Wolfbauer G; Li R; Tu AY; Churchill GA; Paigen BJ. 2004. Quantitative trait locus mapping of genes that regulate phospholipid transfer activity in SM/J and NZB/BlNJ inbred mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 24(1):155-60. [PubMed: 14592843]  [MGI Ref ID J:86340]

Korstanje R; Li R; Howard T; Kelmenson P; Marshall J; Paigen B; Churchill G. 2004. Influence of sex and diet on quantitative trait loci for HDL cholesterol levels in an SM/J by NZB/BlNJ intercross population. J Lipid Res 45(5):881-8. [PubMed: 14993241]  [MGI Ref ID J:89309]

Macarthur JW. 1944. Genetics of body size and related characters Am Naturalist 78:142-57.  [MGI Ref ID J:25351]

Macarthur JW. 1949. Selection for Small and Large Body Size in the House Mouse. Genetics 34(2):194-209. [PubMed: 17247310]  [MGI Ref ID J:2452]

Paigen B; Ishida BY; Verstuyft J; Winters RB; Albee D. 1990. Atherosclerosis susceptibility differences among progenitors of recombinant inbred strains of mice. Arteriosclerosis 10(2):316-23. [PubMed: 2317166]  [MGI Ref ID J:22615]

Pitman WA; Korstanje R; Churchill GA; Nicodeme E; Albers JJ; Cheung MC; Staton MA; Sampson SS; Harris S; Paigen B. 2002. Quantitative trait locus mapping of genes that regulate HDL cholesterol in SM/J and NZB/B1NJ inbred mice. Physiol Genomics 9(2):93-102. [PubMed: 12006675]  [MGI Ref ID J:76707]

Additional References

Anunciado RV; Nishimura M; Mori M; Ishikawa A; Tanaka S; Horio F; Ohno T; Namikawa T. 2003. Quantitative trait locus analysis of serum insulin, triglyceride, total cholesterol and phospholipid levels in the (SM/J x A/J)F2 mice. Exp Anim 52(1):37-42. [PubMed: 12638235]  [MGI Ref ID J:82274]

Frankel WN; Lee BK; Stoye JP; Coffin JM; Eicher EM. 1992. Characterization of the endogenous nonecotropic murine leukemia viruses of NZB/B1NJ and SM/J inbred strains. Mamm Genome 2(2):110-22. [PubMed: 1311971]  [MGI Ref ID J:1883]

Klingenberg CP; Leamy LJ; Cheverud JM. 2004. Integration and modularity of quantitative trait locus effects on geometric shape in the mouse mandible. Genetics 166(4):1909-21. [PubMed: 15126408]  [MGI Ref ID J:89613]

Rottier RJ; Bonten E; d'Azzo A. 1998. A point mutation in the neu-1 locus causes the neuraminidase defect in the SM/J mouse. Hum Mol Genet 7(2):313-21. [PubMed: 9425240]  [MGI Ref ID J:77236]

Routman EJ; Cheverud JM. 1995. Polymorphism for PCR-analyzed microsatellites between the inbred mouse strains LG and SM. Mamm Genome 6(6):401-4. [PubMed: 7647461]  [MGI Ref ID J:26136]

Neu1^a related

Carrillo MB; Milner CM; Ball ST; Snoek M; Campbell RD. 1997. Cloning and characterization of a sialidase from the murine histocompatibility-2 complex: low levels of mRNA and a single amino acid mutation are responsible for reduced sialidase activity in mice carrying the Neu1a allele. Glycobiology 7(7):975-86. [PubMed: 9363440]  [MGI Ref ID J:43930]

Hildebrand CE; Gonzalez FJ; Kozak CA; Nebert DW. 1985. Regional linkage analysis of the dioxin-inducible P-450 gene family on mouse chromosome 9. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 130(1):396-406. [PubMed: 4040754]  [MGI Ref ID J:7969]

Klein D; Klein J. 1982. Polymorphism of the Apl (Neu-1) locus in the mouse. Immunogenetics 16(2):181-4. [PubMed: 7141491]  [MGI Ref ID J:6900]

Potier M; Lu Shun Yan D; Womack JE. 1979. Neuraminidase deficiency in the mouse. FEBS Lett 108(2):345-8. [PubMed: 520573]  [MGI Ref ID J:123679]

Rottier RJ; Bonten E; d'Azzo A. 1998. A point mutation in the neu-1 locus causes the neuraminidase defect in the SM/J mouse. Hum Mol Genet 7(2):313-21. [PubMed: 9425240]  [MGI Ref ID J:77236]

Womack JE; David CS. 1982. Mouse gene for neuraminidase activity (Neu-1) maps to the D end of H-2. Immunogenetics 16(2):177-80. [PubMed: 7141490]  [MGI Ref ID J:6899]

Womack JE; Yan DL; Potier M. 1981. Gene for neuraminidase activity on mouse chromosome 17 near h-2: pleiotropic effects on multiple hydrolases. Science 212(4490):63-5. [PubMed: 7209520]  [MGI Ref ID J:6480]

Health & husbandry

Health & Colony Maintenance Information

Animal Health Reports

Room Number           AX4
Room Number           MP21

Colony Maintenance

Mating System	Sibling x Sibling         (Female x Male)
Diet Information	LabDiet® 5K52/5K67

Purchasing information

Pricing, Supply Level & Notes, Controls, General Terms & Conditions

Pricing

Supply Details

Standard Supply	Level 4. Up to 10 mice. Larger quantities or custom orders arranged upon request. Expected delivery up to one to three months.
Supply Notes	Shipped at a specific age in weeks. Mice at a precise age in days, littermates and retired breeders are also available. Strains that must be genotyped are not available until five to seven weeks of age. Genomic DNA is available for this strain from the Mouse DNA Resource.

General Terms and Conditions

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The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise

The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX^® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX^® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX^® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.

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