Description

Strain Information

Type Inbred Strain; Additional information on Inbred Strains. Type Wild-Derived; Additional information on Wild-Derived Mice. Visit our online Nomenclature tutorial. Mating System Sibling x Sibling         (Female x Male)   01-MAR-06 Species M. m. domesticus (Peru) H2 Haplotype k Generation F112 (19-AUG-11) Generation Definitions Geographic Origin Rimac Valley, Peru

Appearance
agouti
Related Genotype: A/A

Description
Both PERA and PERC (Stock No. 001307) were derived from wild mice trapped in Peru. PERA mice exhibit a moderate susceptibility to induced experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE). In comparison to other strains, disease onset is late, disease severity is high, and the mortality rate is 60% with a 50% spontaneous relapse. Wild-derived mice are genetically distinct from common laboratory mice for a number of complex phenotypic characteristics and are valuable tools for genetic mapping, evolution and systematics research.

Development
In 1961, founders were trapped for ME Wallace, University of Cambridge, by O Atteck in a Peruvian Yard that was used to dry maize cobs in Nana Village, Rimac Valley, Peru. These mice were held in a small, closed colony by Wallace. In 1971, at approximately F25, members of this colony were sent to EM Eicher and TH Roderick at The Jackson Laboratory where inbreeding continued. In 2003 this inbred strain reached F88.

Related Strains

Strains carrying   Ahr^b-2 allele

000645	A/HeJ
000646	A/J
000130	B6.C-H17c/(HW14)ByJ
000370	B6.C-H38c/(HW119)ByJ
001026	BALB/cByJ
000653	BUB/BnJ
000659	C3H/HeJ
000656	CBA/J
000657	CE/J
000352	CXB2/ByJ
000353	CXB3/ByJ
000354	CXB4/ByJ
000355	CXB5/ByJ
000357	CXB7/ByJ
000673	HRS/J
000679	P/J
000644	SEA/GnJ
000280	SF/CamEiJ

View Strains carrying   Ahr^b-2     (18 strains)

Strains carrying other alleles of Ahr

000690	129P3/J
000648	AKR/J
002920	B6(D2N).Spretus-Ahrb-3/J
006203	B6.129(FVB)-Ahrtm3.1Bra/J
002831	B6.129-Ahrtm1Bra/J
000136	B6.C-H34c/(HW22)ByJ
008599	B6.Cg-Cyp1a2/Cyp1a1tm2Dwn Ahrd Tg(CYP1A1,CYP1A2)1Dwn/DwnJ
002921	B6.D2N-Ahrd/J
002727	B6;129-Ahrtm1Bra/J
000652	BDP/J
000663	C57BL/6By
001139	C57BL/6ByJ
000664	C57BL/6J
000662	C57BLKS/J
000667	C57BR/cdJ
000668	C57L/J
000669	C58/J
000926	CAROLI/EiJ
000928	CAST/EiJ
000351	CXB1/ByJ
000356	CXB6/ByJ
002937	D2.B6-Ahrb-1/J
000671	DBA/2J
000674	I/LnJ
000675	LG/J
000676	LP/J
000677	MA/MyJ
000550	MOLF/EiJ
000684	NZB/BlNJ
000726	RBF/DnJ
000682	RF/J
000686	SJL/J
001146	SPRET/EiJ
000688	ST/bJ
000689	SWR/J
000693	WC/ReJ KitlSl/J
000933	YBR/EiJ

View Strains carrying other alleles of Ahr     (37 strains)

Additional Web Information

JAX^® NOTES, Winter 1995; 460. Wild-Derived Mice Strains - Tips on Their Care and Handling.

Phenotype

Phenotype Information

View Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Data

Mouse Phenome Database

View Mammalian Phenotype Terms

Mammalian Phenotype Terms provided by MGI

      assigned by genotype

The following phenotype information may relate to a genetic background differing from this JAX^® Mice strain.

Lith9^PERA/EiJ/Lith9^PERA/EiJ

        involves: I/LnJ * PERA/EiJ

• liver/biliary system phenotype
• gallstones
  • increased gallstone score   (MGI Ref ID J:84582)

Lith9^PERA/EiJ/?

        involves: I/LnJ * PERA/EiJ

• liver/biliary system phenotype
• gallstones
  • susceptibility to gallstone formation   (MGI Ref ID J:97424)

The following phenotype relates to a compound genotype created using this strain.
Contact JAX^® Services jaxservices@jax.org for customized breeding options.

Lith9^I/LnJ/Lith9^PERA/EiJ

        involves: I/LnJ * PERA/EiJ

• liver/biliary system phenotype
• gallstones
  • increased gallstone score   (MGI Ref ID J:84582)

View Research Applications

Research Applications

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Research Tools
Genetics Research
      Evolution and Systematics Research
      Gene Mapping
      Gene Mapping: Polymorphisms

Genes & Alleles

Gene & Allele Information provided by MGI

Allele Symbol		Ahrb-2
Allele Name		b-2 variant
Allele Type		Not Applicable
Common Name(s)		Ahb-2; Ahh;
Strain of Origin		BALB/cBy
Gene Symbol and Name		Ahr, aryl-hydrocarbon receptor
Chromosome		12
Gene Common Name(s)		Ah; Ahh; Ahre; In; aromatic hydrocarbon responsiveness; aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase; bHLHe76; dioxin receptor; inflammatory reactivity;
General Note		C57BL/6 carries the responsive Ahrb allele; DBA/2 carries nonresponsive Ahrd. Heterozygotes (Ahrb/Ahrd) are responsive (J:5282). Later work identified a second (J:8895) and later a third (J:22144) allele conferring response. Thus the allele in C57, C58, and MA/My strains is now Ahrb-1; Ahrb-2 is carried by BALB/cBy, A, and C3H; and Ahrb-3 by Mus spretus, M. caroli, and MOLF/Ei. The nonresponsive strains AKR, DBA/2, and 129 carry Ahrd (J:22144). Nucleotide and amino acid sequence differences between Ahrb-1 and Ahrd have been determined (J:17460). Strain of origin - this allele was found in BALB/cByJ, A/J, C3H/HeJ, CBA strains
Molecular Note		This allele encodes a high affinity, heat labile, 104 kDa receptor containing 848 amino acids. Sequencing studies of cDNA from C57BL/6J congenic mice homozygous for this allele identified nucleotide substitutions in the ORF that would cause 5 amino acid differences between the C57BL/6J and BALB/cBy peptides, and 2 amino acid differences between the BALB/cBy and DBA/2J peptides. A T to C transition in exon 11 replaces the opal termination codon in the C57BL/6J allele with an arginine codon in the BALB/cByallele. This change would extend translation of the BALB/cBy mRNA by 43 amino acids, accounting for the larger size of the peptide produced by this allele (104 kDa, vs 95 kDa for the C57BL/6J allele). [MGI Ref ID J:15153] [MGI Ref ID J:22144]
Allele Symbol		Lith9PERA/EiJ
Allele Name		PERA/EiJ
Allele Type		QTL
Strain of Origin		PERA/EiJ
Gene Symbol and Name		Lith9, lithogenic gene 9
Chromosome		17
General Note		Lith9 exhibits additive inheritance.
Molecular Note		This allele confers increased gallstone score compared to I/LnJ. This allele confers susceptibility to gallstone formation compared to DBA/2J.

Genotyping

Genotyping Information

Helpful Links

Genotyping resources and troubleshooting

References

References provided by MGI

Selected Reference(s)

Chen Y; Duhl DM; Barsh GS. 1996. Opposite orientations of an inverted duplication and allelic variation at the mouse agouti locus. Genetics 144(1):265-77. [PubMed: 8878692]  [MGI Ref ID J:35710]

Petkov PM; Cassell MA; Sargent EE; Donnelly CJ; Robinson P; Crew V; Asquith S; Haar RV; Wiles MV. 2004. Development of a SNP genotyping panel for genetic monitoring of the laboratory mouse. Genomics 83(5):902-11. [PubMed: 15081119]  [MGI Ref ID J:89298]

Seidelmann SB; De Luca C; Leibel RL; Breslow JL; Tall AR; Welch CL. 2005. Quantitative trait locus mapping of genetic modifiers of metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice: identification of a locus for metabolic syndrome and increased atherosclerosis on chromosome 4. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 25(1):204-10. [PubMed: 15514201]  [MGI Ref ID J:94548]

Velupillai P; Carroll JP; Benjamin TL. 2002. Susceptibility to polyomavirus-induced tumors in inbred mice: role of innate immune responses. J Virol 76(19):9657-63. [PubMed: 12208944]  [MGI Ref ID J:78911]

Velupillai P; Yoshizawa I; Dey DC; Nahill SR; Carroll JP; Bronson RT; Benjamin TL. 1999. Wild-derived inbred mice have a novel basis of susceptibility to polyomavirus-induced tumors. J Virol 73(12):10079-85. [PubMed: 10559322]  [MGI Ref ID J:58441]

Wahlsten D; Metten P; Crabbe JC. 2003. A rating scale for wildness and ease of handling laboratory mice: results for 21 inbred strains tested in two laboratories. Genes Brain Behav 2(2):71-9. [PubMed: 12884964]  [MGI Ref ID J:83104]

Additional References

Cheah YC; Nadeau JH; Pugh S; Paigen B. 1994. New murine polymorphisms detected by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) PCR and mapped by use of recombinant inbred strains. Mamm Genome 5(12):762-7. [PubMed: 7894156]  [MGI Ref ID J:22175]

Ideraabdullah FY; de la Casa-Esperon E; Bell TA; Detwiler DA; Magnuson T; Sapienza C; de Villena FP. 2004. Genetic and haplotype diversity among wild-derived mouse inbred strains. Genome Res 14(10A):1880-7. [PubMed: 15466288]  [MGI Ref ID J:193384]

Lindsey JW. 1996. Characteristics of initial and reinduced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Immunogenetics 44(4):292-7. [PubMed: 8753860]  [MGI Ref ID J:35147]

Moy SS; Nadler JJ; Young NB; Nonneman RJ; Segall SK; Andrade GM; Crawley JN; Magnuson TR. 2008. Social approach and repetitive behavior in eleven inbred mouse strains. Behav Brain Res 191(1):118-29. [PubMed: 18440079]  [MGI Ref ID J:138681]

Poland A; Glover E. 1990. Characterization and strain distribution pattern of the murine Ah receptor specified by the Ahd and Ahb-3 alleles. Mol Pharmacol 38(3):306-12. [PubMed: 2169579]  [MGI Ref ID J:34840]

Wittenburg H; Lyons MA; Li R; Churchill GA; Carey MC; Paigen B. 2003. FXR and ABCG5/ABCG8 as determinants of cholesterol gallstone formation from quantitative trait locus mapping in mice. Gastroenterology 125(3):868-81. [PubMed: 12949731]  [MGI Ref ID J:84582]

Yang JN; Dudley J. 1992. Endogenous Mtv-8 or a closely linked sequence stimulates rearrangement of the downstream V kappa 9 gene. J Immunol 149(4):1242-51. [PubMed: 1323611]  [MGI Ref ID J:1819]

Ahr^b-2 related

Nebert DW; Considine N; Owens IS. 1973. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction. VI. Control of other aromatic hydrocarbon-inducible mono-oxygenase activities at or near the same genetic locus. Arch Biochem Biophys 157(1):148-59. [PubMed: 4716952]  [MGI Ref ID J:84313]

Nebert DW; Gielen JE. 1972. Genetic regulation of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction in the mouse. Fed Proc 31(4):1315-25. [PubMed: 4114109]  [MGI Ref ID J:5282]

Nebert DW; Jensen NM; Shinozuka H; Kunz HW; Gill TJ 3rd. 1982. The Ah phenotype. Survey of forty-eight rat strains and twenty inbred mouse strains. Genetics 100(1):79-87. [PubMed: 7095422]  [MGI Ref ID J:6809]

Nebert DW; Robinson JR; Niwa A; Kumaki K; Poland AP. 1975. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in the mouse. J Cell Physiol 85(2 Pt 2 Suppl 1):393-414. [PubMed: 1091656]  [MGI Ref ID J:84317]

Niwa A; Kumaki K; Nebert DW; Poland AP. 1975. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in the mouse. Distinction between the 'responsive' homozygote and heterozygote at the Ah locus. Arch Biochem Biophys 166(2):559-64. [PubMed: 1119809]  [MGI Ref ID J:84316]

Poland A; Glover E. 1990. Characterization and strain distribution pattern of the murine Ah receptor specified by the Ahd and Ahb-3 alleles. Mol Pharmacol 38(3):306-12. [PubMed: 2169579]  [MGI Ref ID J:34840]

Poland A; Glover E; Taylor BA. 1987. The murine Ah locus: a new allele and mapping to chromosome 12. Mol Pharmacol 32(4):471-8. [PubMed: 2823093]  [MGI Ref ID J:8895]

Poland A; Palen D; Glover E. 1994. Analysis of the four alleles of the murine aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Mol Pharmacol 46(5):915-21. [PubMed: 7969080]  [MGI Ref ID J:22144]

Robinson JR; Considine N; Nebert DW. 1974. Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction. Evidence for the involvement of other genetic loci. J Biol Chem 249(18):5851-9. [PubMed: 4413562]  [MGI Ref ID J:84315]

Schmid FA; Pena RC; Robinson W; Tarnowski GS. 1967. Toxicity of intraperitoneal injections of 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene in inbred mice. Cancer Res 27(3):558-62. [PubMed: 6021513]  [MGI Ref ID J:26440]

Schmidt JV; Carver LA; Bradfield CA. 1993. Molecular characterization of the murine Ahr gene. Organization, promoter analysis, and chromosomal assignment. J Biol Chem 268(29):22203-9. [PubMed: 8408082]  [MGI Ref ID J:15153]

Smith AG; Clothier B; Robinson S; Scullion MJ; Carthew P; Edwards R; Luo J; Lim CK; Toledano M. 1998. Interaction between iron metabolism and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in mice with variants of the Ahr gene: a hepatic oxidative mechanism. Mol Pharmacol 53(1):52-61. [PubMed: 9443932]  [MGI Ref ID J:45850]

Thomas PE; Hutton JJ; Taylor BA. 1973. Genetic relationship between aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase inducibility and chemical carcinogen induced skin ulceration in mice. Genetics 74(4):655-9. [PubMed: 4750810]  [MGI Ref ID J:5387]

Lith9^PERA/EiJ related

Wittenburg H; Lyons MA; Li R; Churchill GA; Carey MC; Paigen B. 2003. FXR and ABCG5/ABCG8 as determinants of cholesterol gallstone formation from quantitative trait locus mapping in mice. Gastroenterology 125(3):868-81. [PubMed: 12949731]  [MGI Ref ID J:84582]

Wittenburg H; Lyons MA; Li R; Kurtz U; Majssner J; Churchill GA; carey MC; Paigen B. 2005. Association of a Lithogenic Abcg5/Abcg8 allele on Chromosome 17 (Lith9) with Cholesterol Gallstone Formation in PERA/EiJ mice Mamm Genome 16(7):495-504. [PubMed: 16151694]  [MGI Ref ID J:97424]

Health & husbandry

Health & Colony Maintenance Information

Animal Health Reports

Room Number           FGB29

Colony Maintenance

Mating System	Sibling x Sibling         (Female x Male)   01-MAR-06
Diet Information	LabDiet® 5K52/5K67

Pricing and Purchasing

Pricing, Supply Level & Notes, Controls

General Supply Notes

• View the complete collection of spontaneous mutants in the Mouse Mutant Resource.
• Genomic DNA is available for this strain from the Mouse DNA Resource.

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The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise

The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX^® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX^® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX^® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.

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