Strain Name:

B6;129S7-Rag1tm1Mom/J

Stock Number:

002096

Availability:

Repository- Live

Use Restrictions Apply, see Purchasing Information

Description

Strain Information

Type Mutant Stock; Targeted Mutation;
Mating SystemHomozygote x Homozygote         (Female x Male)
Specieslaboratory mouse
GenerationN5F?+42 (24-JUL-08)
 
Donating Investigator Peter Mombaerts,   Max Planck Institute of Biophysics

Appearance
white-bellied agouti
Related Genotype: Aw/Aw

Description
Mice homozygous for the Rag1tm1Mom mutation produce no mature T cells or B cells. Their phenotype can be described as a "non-leaky" severe combined immune deficiency (Prkdcscid/Prkdcscid) (Prkdcscid mice produce some B cells and IgM). They have no CD3+ or T cell receptor (TCR) alpha-beta positive cells. The thymus of the mutant mice contains 15 to 130 times fewer cells than heterozygous or wildtype siblings. The thymocytes are CD8-CD4- and most are IL2 receptor positive. Neither the spleen nor bone marrow contain any IgM or IgD staining cells, indicating an absence of mature B cells. These and other data suggest that B cell and T cell development has been arrested at an early stage. Macroscopically, the mutants are indistinguishable from heterozygotes or normal wildtype siblings.

Control Information

  Allele   Control
 Rag1tm1Mom  000664 C57BL/6J (approximate)
   C57BL/6J mice provide only an approximate genetic match as this strain has been backcrossed only five generations.
 
  Considerations for Choosing Controls

Related Strains

View Strains carrying   Rag1tm1Mom     (16 strains)

Strains carrying other alleles of Rag1
007790   B6;129P2-Rag1/Rag2tm1Mnz/J
002194   B6;CBA-Tg(CD3E)26Cpt/J
002506   STOCK Tg(CD3E)26Cpt-Rag1tm1Mom/J
View Strains carrying other alleles of Rag1     (3 strains)

Additional Web Information

Genetic Quality Control Annual Report
JAX® NOTES, Spring 2006; 501. Choosing an Immunodeficient Mouse Model.

Phenotype

Phenotype Information

Mammalian Phenotype Terms assigned by genotype

Rag1tm1Mom/Rag1tm1Mom

        involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6
  • immune system phenotype
  • abnormal lymphatic vessel morphology (MGI Ref ID J:119344)
    • upon infection with Mycoplasma pulmonis, airway lymphatic vessel remodeling is largely absent from mutants, compared to significant invasion of region by lymphatic vessels in infected wild-type mice
  • abnormal response to infection (MGI Ref ID J:119344)
    • airway vascular and airway lymphatic vessel remodeling are impaired or absent compared to wild-type mice after M. pulmonis infection
  • decreased neutrophil cell number (MGI Ref ID J:119344)
    • 2 weeks or 1 month after infection with M. pulmonis, neutrophil numbers in the trachea are elevated above uninfected controls but are significantly lower than numbers in trachea of infected wild-type mice
  • hematopoietic system phenotype
  • decreased neutrophil cell number (MGI Ref ID J:119344)
    • 2 weeks or 1 month after infection with M. pulmonis, neutrophil numbers in the trachea are elevated above uninfected controls but are significantly lower than numbers in trachea of infected wild-type mice
  • respiratory system phenotype
  • abnormal respiratory system morphology (MGI Ref ID J:119344)
    • after 4 weeks, mice show impaired vascular remodeling of the airways in response to Mycoplasma pulmonis infection whereas wild-type show complex growth and reorganization ot the vascular beds

The following phenotype information may relate to a genetic background differing from this JAX® Mice strain.

Rag1tm1Mom/Rag1tm1Mom

        involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * CD-1
  • behavior/neurological phenotype
  • *normal* behavior/neurological phenotype (MGI Ref ID J:1934)
    • normal activity, coordination and strength; normal nociception
  • immune system phenotype
  • abnormal B cell differentiation (MGI Ref ID J:1934)
    • spleen and bone marrow lacked mature B cells; B cells were IgM and IgD negative, and only 1/4 to 1/3 were B220-positive
    • defective V(D)J recombination
  • abnormal T cell differentiation (MGI Ref ID J:1934)
    • thymocyte development arrested at an early stage; cells were larger than normal, and were CD3-, TCR alphabeta-negative, CD8- CD4-
  • abnormal inguinal lymph node morphology (MGI Ref ID J:1934)
    • stroma-like structure found in inguinal lymph nodes location, with few, if any, nonerythroid cells recoverable from this structure
  • decreased IgM level (MGI Ref ID J:1934)
    • no detectable IgM found in serum
  • spleen hypoplasia (MGI Ref ID J:1934)
    • spleen contained 5 to 9 times fewer cells than wild-type or heterozygous controls
  • thymus hypoplasia (MGI Ref ID J:1934)
    • thymus contained 15 to 300 times fewer cells than wild-type or heterozygous controls
  • nervous system phenotype
  • *normal* nervous system phenotype (MGI Ref ID J:1934)
    • brain was normal in structure and size
  • hematopoietic system phenotype
  • abnormal B cell differentiation (MGI Ref ID J:1934)
    • spleen and bone marrow lacked mature B cells; B cells were IgM and IgD negative, and only 1/4 to 1/3 were B220-positive
    • defective V(D)J recombination
  • abnormal T cell differentiation (MGI Ref ID J:1934)
    • thymocyte development arrested at an early stage; cells were larger than normal, and were CD3-, TCR alphabeta-negative, CD8- CD4-
  • spleen hypoplasia (MGI Ref ID J:1934)
    • spleen contained 5 to 9 times fewer cells than wild-type or heterozygous controls
  • thymus hypoplasia (MGI Ref ID J:1934)
    • thymus contained 15 to 300 times fewer cells than wild-type or heterozygous controls

Rag1tm1Mom/Rag1tm1Mom

        involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6 * FVB * NOD
  • hematopoietic system phenotype
  • decreased lymphocyte cell number (MGI Ref ID J:111874)
    • non-transgenic Rag1-null mice display lymphopenia more severe than transgenic Rag1-null mice
  • small thymus (MGI Ref ID J:111874)
    • nontransgenic Rag1 homozygotes have extremely small thymi
  • immune system phenotype
  • decreased lymphocyte cell number (MGI Ref ID J:111874)
    • non-transgenic Rag1-null mice display lymphopenia more severe than transgenic Rag1-null mice
  • small thymus (MGI Ref ID J:111874)
    • nontransgenic Rag1 homozygotes have extremely small thymi

Research Applications

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Research Tools
Immunology and Inflammation Research (B and T cell deficiency)

Rag1tm1Mom related

Cancer Research
Toxicology (B and T cell deficiency) (xenograft/transplant host)

Hematological Research
Immunological Defects (B and T cell deficiency)

Immunology and Inflammation Research
Immunodeficiency (B and T cell deficiency)
Inflammation (B and T cell deficiency)
T Cell Receptor Signaling Defects (B and T cell deficiency)

Internal/Organ Research
Lymphoid Tissue Defects (B and T cell deficiency)

Research Tools
Cancer Research (B and T cell deficiency) (xenograft/transplant host)
Toxicology Research (xenograft/transplant host)

Genes & Alleles

Gene & Allele Information

Allele Symbol Rag1tm1Mom
Allele Name targeted mutation 1, Peter Mombaerts
Common Name(s) RAG-1-; RAG1null; Rag-; Rag-1KO; Rag1-;
Mutation Made By Peter Mombaerts,   Max Planck Institute of Biophysics
Strain of Origin129S7/SvEvBrd-Hprt1<+>
ES Cell Line NameAB1
ES Cell Line Strain129S7/SvEvBrd-Hprt1<+>
Gene Symbol and Name Rag1, recombination activating gene 1
Chromosome 2
Gene Common Name(s) MGC43321; RNF74; Rag-1;
Molecular Note A 1356 bp genomic fragment of the Rag1 gene, encoding the nuclear localization signal and the zinc-finger motif, was replaced by a neomycin cassette. A mutant transcript expressed from this allele was detected by Northern blot in bone marrow derived cell lines from homozygous mice. [MGI Ref ID J:1934] [MGI Ref ID J:96036]

Genotyping

Genotyping Information

Genotyping Protocols

Rag1tm1Mom, STD PCR, vers. 1
Rag1tm1Mom, STD PCR, vers. 1

Helpful Links

Optimizing PCR Protocols

References

References

Selected Reference(s)

Mombaerts P; Iacomini J; Johnson RS; Herrup K; Tonegawa S; Papaioannou VE. 1992. RAG-1-deficient mice have no mature B and T lymphocytes. Cell 68(5):869-77. [PubMed: 1547488]  [MGI Ref ID J:1934]

Additional References

Cao Y; Bonizzi G; Seagroves TN; Greten FR; Johnson R; Schmidt EV; Karin M. 2001. IKKalpha provides an essential link between RANK signaling and cyclin D1 expression during mammary gland development. Cell 107(6):763-75. [PubMed: 11747812]  [MGI Ref ID J:90978]

Claudio E; Brown K; Park S; Wang H; Siebenlist U. 2002. BAFF-induced NEMO-independent processing of NF-kappaB2 in maturing B cells. Nat Immunol 3(10):958-65. [PubMed: 12352969]  [MGI Ref ID J:79239]

Miyamoto A; Nakayama K; Imaki H; Hirose S; Jiang Y; Abe M; Tsukiyama T; Nagahama H; Ohno S; Hatakeyama S; Nakayama KI. 2002. Increased proliferation of B cells and auto-immunity in mice lacking protein kinase Cdelta. Nature 416(6883):865-9. [PubMed: 11976687]  [MGI Ref ID J:76135]

Mombaerts P; Clarke AR; Rudnicki MA; Iacomini J; Itohara S; Lafaille JJ; Wang L; Ichikawa Y; Jaenisch R; Hooper ML; Tonegawa S. 1992. Mutations in T-cell antigen receptor genes alpha and beta block thymocyte development at different stages [published erratum appears in Nature 1992 Dec 3;360(6403):491] Nature 360(6401):225-31. [PubMed: 1359428]  [MGI Ref ID J:3206]

Petiniot LK; Weaver Z; Vacchio M; Shen R; Wangsa D; Barlow C; Eckhaus M; Steinberg SM; Wynshaw-Boris A; Ried T; Hodes RJ. 2002. RAG-mediated V(D)J recombination is not essential for tumorigenesis in Atm-deficient mice. Mol Cell Biol 22(9):3174-7. [PubMed: 11940674]  [MGI Ref ID J:75737]

Rathmell JC; Lindsten T; Zong WX; Cinalli RM; Thompson CB. 2002. Deficiency in Bak and Bax perturbs thymic selection and lymphoid homeostasis. Nat Immunol 3(10):932-9. [PubMed: 12244308]  [MGI Ref ID J:79218]

Seagroves TN; Hadsell D; McManaman J; Palmer C; Liao D; McNulty W; Welm B; Wagner KU; Neville M; Johnson RS. 2003. HIF1alpha is a critical regulator of secretory differentiation and activation, but not vascular expansion, in the mouse mammary gland. Development 130(8):1713-24. [PubMed: 12620994]  [MGI Ref ID J:82618]

Wiekowski MT; Chen SC; Zalamea P; Wilburn BP; Kinsley DJ; Sharif WW; Jensen KK; Hedrick JA; Manfra D; Lira SA. 2001. Disruption of neutrophil migration in a conditional transgenic model: evidence for CXCR2 desensitization in vivo. J Immunol 167(12):7102-10. [PubMed: 11739532]  [MGI Ref ID J:73096]

Rag1tm1Mom related

Ait-Azzouzene D; Verkoczy L; Peters J; Gavin A; Skog P; Vela JL; Nemazee D. 2005. An immunoglobulin C{kappa}-reactive single chain antibody fusion protein induces tolerance through receptor editing in a normal polyclonal immune system. J Exp Med 201(5):817-28. [PubMed: 15738053]  [MGI Ref ID J:96759]

Alugupalli KR; Gerstein RM; Chen J; Szomolanyi-Tsuda E; Woodland RT; Leong JM. 2003. The resolution of relapsing fever borreliosis requires IgM and is concurrent with expansion of B1b lymphocytes. J Immunol 170(7):3819-27. [PubMed: 12646649]  [MGI Ref ID J:125443]

Alugupalli KR; Leong JM; Woodland RT; Muramatsu M; Honjo T; Gerstein RM. 2004. B1b lymphocytes confer T cell-independent long-lasting immunity. Immunity 21(3):379-90. [PubMed: 15357949]  [MGI Ref ID J:93752]

Anderson MG; Nair KS; Amonoo LA; Mehalow A; Trantow CM; Masli S; John SW. 2008. GpnmbR150X allele must be present in bone marrow derived cells to mediate DBA/2J glaucoma. BMC Genet 9:30. [PubMed: 18402690]  [MGI Ref ID J:134670]

Anginot A; Dacquin R; Mazzorana M; Jurdic P. 2007. Lymphocytes and the Dap12 adaptor are key regulators of osteoclast activation associated with gonadal failure. PLoS ONE 2(7):e585. [PubMed: 17611620]  [MGI Ref ID J:129304]

Antony PA; Piccirillo CA; Akpinarli A; Finkelstein SE; Speiss PJ; Surman DR; Palmer DC; Chan CC; Klebanoff CA; Overwijk WW; Rosenberg SA; Restifo NP. 2005. CD8+ T cell immunity against a tumor/self-antigen is augmented by CD4+ T helper cells and hindered by naturally occurring T regulatory cells. J Immunol 174(5):2591-601. [PubMed: 15728465]  [MGI Ref ID J:129825]

Aurora AB; Baluk P; Zhang D; Sidhu SS; Dolganov GM; Basbaum C; McDonald DM; Killeen N. 2005. Immune complex-dependent remodeling of the airway vasculature in response to a chronic bacterial infection. J Immunol 175(10):6319-26. [PubMed: 16272283]  [MGI Ref ID J:119344]

Baccala R; Witherden D; Gonzalez-Quintial R; Dummer W; Surh CD; Havran WL; Theofilopoulos AN. 2005. Gamma delta T cell homeostasis is controlled by IL-7 and IL-15 together with subset-specific factors. J Immunol 174(8):4606-12. [PubMed: 15814683]  [MGI Ref ID J:98166]

Backhed F; Ding H; Wang T; Hooper LV; Koh GY; Nagy A; Semenkovich CF; Gordon JI. 2004. The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101(44):15718-23. [PubMed: 15505215]  [MGI Ref ID J:93455]

Banuelos SJ; Shultz LD; Greiner DL; Burzenski LM; Gott B; Lyons BL; Rossini AA; Appel MC. 2004. Rejection of human islets and human HLA-A2.1 transgenic mouse islets by alloreactive human lymphocytes in immunodeficient NOD-scid and NOD-Rag1(null)Prf1(null) mice. Clin Immunol 112(3):273-83. [PubMed: 15308121]  [MGI Ref ID J:91764]

Barjaktarevic I; Rahman A; Radoja S; Bogunovic B; Vollmer A; Vukmanovic S; Maric M. 2006. Inhibitory role of IFN-gamma-inducible lysosomal thiol reductase in T cell activation. J Immunol 177(7):4369-75. [PubMed: 16982871]  [MGI Ref ID J:139329]

Beilke JN; Kuhl NR; Van Kaer L; Gill RG. 2005. NK cells promote islet allograft tolerance via a perforin-dependent mechanism. Nat Med 11(10):1059-65. [PubMed: 16155578]  [MGI Ref ID J:101693]

Belkaid Y; Von Stebut E; Mendez S; Lira R; Caler E; Bertholet S; Udey MC; Sacks D. 2002. CD8+ T cells are required for primary immunity in C57BL/6 mice following low-dose, intradermal challenge with Leishmania major. J Immunol 168(8):3992-4000. [PubMed: 11937556]  [MGI Ref ID J:125458]

Bergstrom KS; Guttman JA; Rumi M; Ma C; Bouzari S; Khan MA; Gibson DL; Vogl AW; Vallance BA. 2008. Modulation of intestinal goblet cell function during infection by an attaching and effacing bacterial pathogen. Infect Immun 76(2):796-811. [PubMed: 17984203]  [MGI Ref ID J:130255]

Bessler M; Rosti V; Peng Y; Cattoretti G; Notaro R; Ohsako S; Elkon KB; Luzzatto L. 2002. Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked proteins are required for maintenance of a normal peripheral lymphoid compartment but not for lymphocyte development. Eur J Immunol 32(9):2607-16. [PubMed: 12207345]  [MGI Ref ID J:78996]

Bettelli E; Pagany M; Weiner HL; Linington C; Sobel RA; Kuchroo VK. 2003. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-specific T cell receptor transgenic mice develop spontaneous autoimmune optic neuritis. J Exp Med 197(9):1073-81. [PubMed: 12732654]  [MGI Ref ID J:83278]

Binder GK; Griffin DE. 2001. Interferon-gamma-mediated site-specific clearance of alphavirus from CNS neurons. Science 293(5528):303-6. [PubMed: 11452126]  [MGI Ref ID J:125465]

Block MS; Mendez-Fernandez YV; Van Keulen VP; Hansen MJ; Allen KS; Taboas AL; Rodriguez M; Pease LR. 2005. Inability of bm14 mice to respond to Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus is caused by defective antigen presentation, not repertoire selection. J Immunol 174(5):2756-62. [PubMed: 15728484]  [MGI Ref ID J:97717]

Borghesi L; Hsu LY; Miller JP; Anderson M; Herzenberg L; Herzenberg L; Schlissel MS; Allman D; Gerstein RM. 2004. B lineage-specific regulation of V(D)J recombinase activity is established in common lymphoid progenitors. J Exp Med 199(4):491-502. [PubMed: 14769852]  [MGI Ref ID J:119401]

Bour-Jordan H; Salomon BL; Thompson HL; Szot GL; Bernhard MR; Bluestone JA. 2004. Costimulation controls diabetes by altering the balance of pathogenic and regulatory T cells. J Clin Invest 114(7):979-87. [PubMed: 15467837]  [MGI Ref ID J:93421]

Broxmeyer HE; Sehra S; Cooper S; Toney LM; Kusam S; Aloor JJ; Marchal CC; Dinauer MC; Dent AL. 2007. Aberrant regulation of hematopoiesis by T cells in BAZF-deficient mice. Mol Cell Biol 27(15):5275-85. [PubMed: 17526724]  [MGI Ref ID J:123621]

Burich A; Hershberg R; Waggie K; Zeng W; Brabb T; Westrich G; Viney JL; Maggio-Price L. 2001. Helicobacter-induced inflammatory bowel disease in IL-10- and T cell-deficient mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 281(3):G764-78. [PubMed: 11518689]  [MGI Ref ID J:108283]

Cao Y; Luo JL; Karin M. 2007. IkappaB kinase alpha kinase activity is required for self-renewal of ErbB2/Her2-transformed mammary tumor-initiating cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104(40):15852-7. [PubMed: 17890319]  [MGI Ref ID J:125555]

Carrio R; Rolle CE; Malek TR. 2007. Non-redundant role for IL-7R signaling for the survival of CD8(+) memory T cells. Eur J Immunol 37(11):3078-88. [PubMed: 17935075]  [MGI Ref ID J:126334]

Cernetich A; Garver LS; Jedlicka AE; Klein PW; Kumar N; Scott AL; Klein SL. 2006. Involvement of gonadal steroids and gamma interferon in sex differences in response to blood-stage malaria infection. Infect Immun 74(6):3190-203. [PubMed: 16714546]  [MGI Ref ID J:109239]

Chao TK; Rifai A; Ka SM; Yang SM; Shui HA; Lin YF; Sytwu HK; Lee WH; Kung JT; Chen A. 2006. The endogenous immune response modulates the course of IgA-immune complex mediated nephropathy. Kidney Int 70(2):283-97. [PubMed: 16738538]  [MGI Ref ID J:136494]

Chatterjee G; Carrithers LM; Carrithers MD. 2008. Epithelial V-like antigen regulates permeability of the blood-CSF barrier. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 372(3):412-7. [PubMed: 18498762]  [MGI Ref ID J:137884]

Chen BP; Kuziel WA; Lane TE. 2001. Lack of CCR2 results in increased mortality and impaired leukocyte activation and trafficking following infection of the central nervous system with a neurotropic coronavirus. J Immunol 167(8):4585-92. [PubMed: 11591787]  [MGI Ref ID J:106738]

Chen M; Lichtler AC; Sheu TJ; Xie C; Zhang X; O'Keefe RJ; Chen D. 2007. Generation of a transgenic mouse model with chondrocyte-specific and tamoxifen-inducible expression of Cre recombinase. Genesis 45(1):44-50. [PubMed: 17211877]  [MGI Ref ID J:117868]

Chen R; Fairley JA; Zhao ML; Giudice GJ; Zillikens D; Diaz LA; Liu Z. 2002. Macrophages, but not T and B lymphocytes, are critical for subepidermal blister formation in experimental bullous pemphigoid: macrophage-mediated neutrophil infiltration depends on mast cell activation. J Immunol 169(7):3987-92. [PubMed: 12244200]  [MGI Ref ID J:120403]

Christopher K; Liang Y; Mueller TF; DeFina R; He H; Haley KJ; Exley MA; Finn PW; Perkins DL. 2004. Analysis of the major histocompatibility complex in graft rejection revisited by gene expression profiles. Transplantation 78(6):788-98. [PubMed: 15385796]  [MGI Ref ID J:98356]

Corre I; Gomez M; Vielkind S; Cantrell DA. 2001. Analysis of thymocyte development reveals that the GTPase RhoA is a positive regulator of T cell receptor responses in vivo. J Exp Med 194(7):903-14. [PubMed: 11581313]  [MGI Ref ID J:134058]

Crompton T; Gilmour KC; Owen MJ. 1996. The MAP kinase pathway controls differentiation from double-negative to double-positive thymocyte. Cell 86(2):243-51. [PubMed: 8706129]  [MGI Ref ID J:34462]

Curotto de Lafaille MA; Kutchukhidze N; Shen S; Ding Y; Yee H; Lafaille JJ. 2008. Adaptive Foxp3+ regulatory T cell-dependent and -independent control of allergic inflammation. Immunity 29(1):114-26. [PubMed: 18617425]  [MGI Ref ID J:137881]

Curotto de Lafaille MA; Muriglan S; Sunshine MJ; Lei Y; Kutchukhidze N; Furtado GC; Wensky AK; Olivares-Villagomez D; Lafaille JJ. 2001. Hyper immunoglobulin E response in mice with monoclonal populations of B and T lymphocytes. J Exp Med 194(9):1349-59. [PubMed: 11696599]  [MGI Ref ID J:100072]

Cushman J; Lo J; Huang Z; Wasserfall C; Petitto JM. 2003. Neurobehavioral changes resulting from recombinase activation gene 1 deletion. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 10(1):13-8. [PubMed: 12522033]  [MGI Ref ID J:102410]

Das G; Augustine MM; Das J; Bottomly K; Ray P; Ray A. 2003. An important regulatory role for CD4+CD8 alpha alpha T cells in the intestinal epithelial layer in the prevention of inflammatory bowel disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100(9):5324-9. [PubMed: 12695566]  [MGI Ref ID J:83283]

De Jersey J; Carmignac D; Le Tissier P; Barthlott T; Robinson I; Stockinger B. 2004. Factors affecting the susceptibility of the mouse pituitary gland to CD8 T-cell-mediated autoimmunity. Immunology 111(3):254-61. [PubMed: 15009425]  [MGI Ref ID J:131885]

Debard N; Sierro F; Browning J; Kraehenbuhl JP. 2001. Effect of mature lymphocytes and lymphotoxin on the development of the follicle-associated epithelium and M cells in mouse Peyer's patches. Gastroenterology 120(5):1173-82. [PubMed: 11266381]  [MGI Ref ID J:68429]

DiLorenzo TP; Lieberman SM; Takaki T; Honda S; Chapman HD; Santamaria P; Serreze DV; Nathenson SG. 2002. During the early prediabetic period in NOD mice, the pathogenic CD8(+) T-cell population comprises multiple antigenic specificities. Clin Immunol 105(3):332-41. [PubMed: 12498815]  [MGI Ref ID J:94192]

Dimayuga PC; Li H; Chyu KY; Fredrikson GN; Nilsson J; Fishbein MC; Shah PK; Cercek B. 2005. T cell modulation of intimal thickening after vascular injury: the bimodal role of IFN-gamma in immune deficiency. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 25(12):2528-34. [PubMed: 16224059]  [MGI Ref ID J:116822]

Dokun AO; Chu DT; Yang L; Bendelac AS; Yokoyama WM. 2001. Analysis of in situ NK cell responses during viral infection. J Immunol 167(9):5286-93. [PubMed: 11673544]  [MGI Ref ID J:72673]

Ehl S; Hombach J; Aichele P; Rulicke T; Odermatt B; Hengartner H; Zinkernagel R; Pircher H. 1998. Viral and bacterial infections interfere with peripheral tolerance induction and activate CD8+ T cells to cause immunopathology. J Exp Med 187(5):763-74. [PubMed: 9480986]  [MGI Ref ID J:132027]

El Andaloussi A; Graves S; Meng F; Mandal M; Mashayekhi M; Aifantis I. 2006. Hedgehog signaling controls thymocyte progenitor homeostasis and differentiation in the thymus. Nat Immunol 7(4):418-26. [PubMed: 16518394]  [MGI Ref ID J:112555]

Engwerda CR; Ato M; Stager S; Alexander CE; Stanley AC; Kaye PM. 2004. Distinct roles for lymphotoxin-alpha and tumor necrosis factor in the control of Leishmania donovani infection. Am J Pathol 165(6):2123-33. [PubMed: 15579454]  [MGI Ref ID J:94946]

Fathers KE; Stone CM; Minhas K; Marriott JJ; Greenwood JD; Dumont DJ; Coomber BL. 2005. Heterogeneity of Tie2 expression in tumor microcirculation: influence of cancer type, implantation site, and response to therapy. Am J Pathol 167(6):1753-62. [PubMed: 16314485]  [MGI Ref ID J:107320]

Fleming SD; Egan RP; Chai C; Girardi G; Holers VM; Salmon J; Monestier M; Tsokos GC. 2004. Anti-phospholipid antibodies restore mesenteric ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury in complement receptor 2/complement receptor 1-deficient mice. J Immunol 173(11):7055-61. [PubMed: 15557203]  [MGI Ref ID J:94355]

Fontenot JD; Rasmussen JP; Williams LM; Dooley JL; Farr AG; Rudensky AY. 2005. Regulatory T cell lineage specification by the forkhead transcription factor foxp3. Immunity 22(3):329-41. [PubMed: 15780990]  [MGI Ref ID J:97029]

Forlow SB; White EJ; Thomas KL; Bagby GJ; Foley PL; Ley K. 2002. T cell requirement for development of chronic ulcerative dermatitis in e- and p-selectin-deficient mice. J Immunol 169(9):4797-804. [PubMed: 12391189]  [MGI Ref ID J:79774]

French AR; Sjolin H; Kim S; Koka R; Yang L; Young DA; Cerboni C; Tomasello E; Ma A; Vivier E; Karre K; Yokoyama WM. 2006. DAP12 signaling directly augments proproliferative cytokine stimulation of NK cells during viral infections. J Immunol 177(8):4981-90. [PubMed: 17015680]  [MGI Ref ID J:139300]

Fu YX; Huang G; Matsumoto M; Molina H; Chaplin DD. 1997. Independent signals regulate development of primary and secondary follicle structure in spleen and mesenteric lymph node. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94(11):5739-43. [PubMed: 9159143]  [MGI Ref ID J:78647]

Fu YX; Huang G; Wang Y; Chaplin DD. 1998. B lymphocytes induce the formation of follicular dendritic cell clusters in a lymphotoxin alpha-dependent fashion. J Exp Med 187(7):1009-18. [PubMed: 9529317]  [MGI Ref ID J:118756]

Fukumura D; Gohongi T; Kadambi A; Izumi Y; Ang J; Yun CO; Buerk DG; Huang PL; Jain RK. 2001. Predominant role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis and vascular permeability. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98(5):2604-9. [PubMed: 11226286]  [MGI Ref ID J:67870]

Galkina E; Kadl A; Sanders J; Varughese D; Sarembock IJ; Ley K. 2006. Lymphocyte recruitment into the aortic wall before and during development of atherosclerosis is partially L-selectin dependent. J Exp Med 203(5):1273-82. [PubMed: 16682495]  [MGI Ref ID J:124135]

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