Description

The genotypes of the animals provided may not reflect those discussed in the strain description or the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation. Please inquire for possible genotypes for this specific strain.

Strain Information

Type Mutant Stock; Targeted Mutation; Additional information on Genetically Engineered and Mutant Mice. Visit our online Nomenclature tutorial. Species laboratory mouse   Donating Investigator Tyler Jacks,   Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Appearance
white-bellied agouti
Related Genotype: A^w/A^w

Description
Mice homozygous for the Trp53^tm1Tyj mutation show no visible phenotype but most develop tumors (principally lymphomas and sarcomas) at 3-6 months of age. Heterozygous mice develop tumors at about 10 months of age. These mice model some of the features of human Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a form of familial breast cancer with mutations in TRP53. Homozygous mice may produce a litter before succumbing to tumors.

Development
The Trp53^tm1Tyj mutant strain was developed in the laboratory of Dr. Tyler Jacks at the Center for Cancer Research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The 129-derived D3 ES cell line was used.

Control Information

	Control
	101045 B6129SF2/J	(approximate)
Considerations for Choosing Controls

Related Strains

Strains carrying   Trp53^tm1Tyj allele

002080	129-Trp53tm1Tyj/J
002101	B6.129S2-Trp53tm1Tyj/J
008191	B6;129S2-Trp53tm1Tyj Nf1tm1Tyj/J
002526	C.129S2(B6)-Trp53tm1Tyj/J
002547	C3Ou.129S2(B6)-Trp53tm1Tyj/J
002899	FVB.129S2(B6)-Trp53tm1Tyj/J

View Strains carrying   Trp53^tm1Tyj     (6 strains)

Strains carrying other alleles of Trp53

004301	129-Trp53tm1Holl/J
008652	129S-Trp53tm2Tyj/J
008651	129S-Trp53tm3Tyj/J
008462	B6.129P2-Trp53tm1Brn/J
008183	B6.129S4(Cg)-Trp53tm2.1Tyj/J
008182	B6.129S4-Trp53tm3.1Tyj/J
007218	B6.129S6-Trp53tm2Xu/J
007962	B6.FVB-Tg(MMTV-neu/OT-I/OT-II)CBnel Tg(Trp53R172H)8512Jmr/J
008045	B6;129-Trp53tm2Holl/J
006980	B6;129-Trp53tm2Xu/J
008181	B6;129S4-Trp53tm4Tyj/J
008361	B6;129S4-Trp53tm5Tyj/J
002659	FVB/N-Tg(Trp53R172H)8512Jmr/J
002660	FVB/N-Tg(Trp53R172L)4491Jmr/J
003262	STOCK Tg(Trp53A135V)L3Ber/J

View Strains carrying other alleles of Trp53     (15 strains)

Phenotype

Phenotype Information

View Related Disease (OMIM) Terms

Related Disease (OMIM) Terms

Li-Fraumeni Syndrome 1; LFS1 - Models with phenotypic similarity to human disease where etiologies involve orthologs.1

1 Human genes are associated with this disease. Orthologs of those genes appear in the mouse genotype(s).

View Mammalian Phenotype Terms

Mammalian Phenotype Terms

      assigned by genotype

Trp53^tm1Tyj/Trp53⁺

        involves: 129S2/SvPas * C57BL/6

• tumorigenesis
• increased tumor incidence (MGI Ref ID J:17728)
  • age of onset 9 months
• lymphoma (MGI Ref ID J:17728)
• sarcoma (MGI Ref ID J:17728)

Trp53^tm1Tyj/Trp53⁺

        involves: 129/Sv * C57BL/6

• life span-post-weaning/aging
• premature death (MGI Ref ID J:135509)
  • less than 5% of mice live past two years due to cancerous tumors
• tumorigenesis
• increased tumor incidence (MGI Ref ID J:72391)
  • over 95% of mice have tumors by 2 years of age
• adenoma (MGI Ref ID J:72391)
• carcinoma (MGI Ref ID J:72391)
• leukemia (MGI Ref ID J:135509)
  • is observed in 2.6% of mice by 24 months of age
• lymphoma (MGI Ref ID J:72391)
  • is observed in 18.4% of mice by 24 months of age
• sarcoma (MGI Ref ID J:72391)

Trp53^tm1Tyj/Trp53^tm1Tyj

        involves: 129S2/SvPas * C57BL/6

• tumorigenesis
• increased tumor incidence (MGI Ref ID J:17728)
  • most mice dead by 6 months
  • predominantly lymphomas with sarcomas and teratomas
• lymphoma (MGI Ref ID J:17728)
• sarcoma (MGI Ref ID J:17728)
• teratoma (MGI Ref ID J:17728)

Trp53^tm1Tyj/Trp53^tm1Tyj

        involves: 129/Sv * C57BL/6

• life span-post-weaning/aging
• premature death (MGI Ref ID J:72391)
  • average life span 160 days
  • 90% had succumbed to tumors and died by 7 months of age
• tumorigenesis
• increased tumor incidence (MGI Ref ID J:72391)
• adenoma (MGI Ref ID J:72391)
• carcinoma (MGI Ref ID J:72391)
• lymphoma (MGI Ref ID J:72391)
• thymic lymphoma (MGI Ref ID J:87501)
  • 75% of observed tumors were thymic lymphomas
• sarcoma (MGI Ref ID J:72391)
• cellular phenotype
• abnormal apoptosis (MGI Ref ID J:87501)
• chromosome breakage (MGI Ref ID J:87501)
  • aneuploidy

The following phenotype information may relate to a genetic background differing from this JAX^® Mice strain.

Trp53^tm1Tyj/Trp53⁺

        involves: C57BL/6

• life span-post-weaning/aging
• premature death (MGI Ref ID J:95318)
  • heterozygous mutants die between 150 to 750 days after birth
• tumorigenesis
• carcinoma (MGI Ref ID J:95318)
  • 12% of heterozygous mutants developed carcinomas, which are rare in homozygotes
• lymphoma (MGI Ref ID J:95318)
  • 32% of heterozygous mutants developed lymphomas
• sarcoma (MGI Ref ID J:95318)
  • 56% of heterozygous mutants developed sarcomas

Trp53^tm1Tyj/Trp53⁺

        involves: 129S2/SvPas

• life span-post-weaning/aging
• premature death (MGI Ref ID J:95316)
  • mean life span is 15.4 months
• tumorigenesis
• increased tumor incidence (MGI Ref ID J:95316)
  • 19% have multiple tumors compared to 44% of Trp53^tm3.1Tyj heterozygotes
• carcinoma (MGI Ref ID J:95316)
  • 4 of 37 develop low grade carcinomas including 1 with a well differentiated lung carcinoma
• cellular phenotype
• increased cell proliferation (MGI Ref ID J:95316)
  • a larger fraction of MEFs are in S phase compared to wild-type mice

Trp53^tm1Tyj/Trp53⁺

        involves: 129P2/OlaHsd 129S2/SvPas * BALB/c * C57BL/6

• life span-post-weaning/aging
• decreased survivor rate (MGI Ref ID J:109193)
  • 50% survival at 63 weeks

Trp53^tm1Tyj/Trp53^tm1Tyj

        involves: C57BL/6

• life span-post-weaning/aging
• premature death (MGI Ref ID J:95318)
  • homozygous mutants die between ~50 to 250 days after birth
• tumorigenesis
• lymphoma (MGI Ref ID J:95318)
  • 56% of homozygous nulls developed lymphomas
• sarcoma (MGI Ref ID J:95318)
  • 40% of homozygous nulls developed sarcomas
• cellular phenotype
• decreased cellular sensitivity to gamma-irradiation (MGI Ref ID J:95318)
  • irradiated E13.5 heterozygous embryos showed no evidence of apoptosis in the hypothalamus compared to wildtype and heterozygotes that showed a high number of apoptotic cells
• increased cell proliferation (MGI Ref ID J:95318)
  • MEFs initially did not show any significant differences in growth rate but by day 4, grew more rapidly than wildtype or heterozygous MEFs

Trp53^tm1Tyj/Trp53^tm1Tyj

        involves: 129S2/SvPas

• lethality-prenatal/perinatal
• prenatal lethality (MGI Ref ID J:95316)
  • a slight decrease is seen in the number of females born
• life span-post-weaning/aging
• premature death (MGI Ref ID J:95316)
  • mean life span is 4.4 months
  • majority of mice (82%) die before 9 months of age, or are euthanized due to occurrence of obvious tumor mass
  • animals die by about 26 weeks
• nervous system phenotype
• abnormal neurogenesis (MGI Ref ID J:102702)
  • GNPs from mutants show ~50% levels of proliferation compared to Cdkn2c, Trp53-double null cells after 3 days in culture and levels of cells incorporating BrdU are still less in single mutants in tests where cells are stimulated with Shh after culture
• tumorigenesis
• increased tumor incidence (MGI Ref ID J:95316)
  • 32% have multiple tumors
• T cell derived lymphoma (MGI Ref ID J:95316)
  • 66% of homozygotes display hematological malignancies, primarily T cell lymphomas
  • mice start to develop T cell malignancies at 14-16 weeks
• hemangiosarcoma (MGI Ref ID J:95316)
  • the incidence of hemangiosarcomas is 32% compared to 62% in Trp53^tm1Tyj/Trp53^tm2.1Tyj mice
• medulloblastoma (MGI Ref ID J:102702)
  • 13/19 (68%) of animals receiving 4 Gy radiation at P5 or 6 develop cerebellar tumors
• cellular phenotype
• abnormal cell cycle checkpoint function (MGI Ref ID J:77907)
  • gamma-irradiation fails to produce an increase in the relative number of cells in G1 compared to S phase
  • mouse embryonic fibroblasts exposed to radiation fail to arrest at the G1/S transition unlike similarly treated wild-type cells
• decreased cellular sensitivity to ultraviolet irradiation (MGI Ref ID J:77907)
  • reduced sensitivity to UV-induced cell death in MEFs compared to wild-type cells
• increased cell proliferation (MGI Ref ID J:77907)
  • in MEFs
• polyploidy (MGI Ref ID J:109354)
  • after irradiation with UVC light, MEFs from null mice show higher levels of polyploidy than Trp53^tm2Xu homozygotes
• immune system phenotype
• decreased T cell apoptosis (MGI Ref ID J:109354)
  • thymocytes are essentially resistant to Trp53-mediated apoptosis
• decreased thymocyte apoptosis (MGI Ref ID J:126920)
  • rare following exposure to ionizing radiation
• cardiovascular system phenotype
• abnormal cardiovascular system physiology (MGI Ref ID J:120332)
  • better systolic function than control
• cardiac hypertrophy (MGI Ref ID J:120332)
  • increased hypertrophy as a result of transverse aortic restriction
• increased angiogenesis (MGI Ref ID J:120332)
  • increased number of microvessels form 2 weeks after transverse aortic constriction

Trp53^tm1Tyj/Trp53^tm1Tyj

        involves: 129S2/SvPas * BALB/c

• cellular phenotype
• increased cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation (MGI Ref ID J:116176)
  • at P10, pattern and extent of oocyte loss in ovaries of mutants after exposure to 0.45 Gy radiation on P5 is similar to wild-type and much more sever than Trp63^tm2Fmc mutants

Trp53^tm1Tyj/Trp53^tm1Tyj

        129S6.129-Trp53^tm1Tyj Rb1^tm1.1Jyjw

• life span-post-weaning/aging
• premature death (MGI Ref ID J:102483)
  • mice become moribund from lymphoma involving various tissues within >30 weeks; mice with aggressive lymphoma have a mean survival time of 18 weeks
• tumorigenesis
• lymphoma (MGI Ref ID J:102483)
  • mice develop lymphomas
• teratoma (MGI Ref ID J:102483)
  • median survival time of mice with teratomas is 7 weeks
  • no mice living beyond median survival age show extratesticular teratomas
• testicular teratoma (MGI Ref ID J:102483)
• digestive/alimentary phenotype
• *normal* digestive/alimentary phenotype (MGI Ref ID J:102483)
  • after 7 days of dextran sodium sulfate treatment, mice develop large ulcers in the colon
• growth/size phenotype
• weight loss (MGI Ref ID J:102483)
  • with DSS treatment, double mutants have an average weight of 14% of body weight

Trp53^tm1Tyj/Trp53^tm1Tyj

        129-Trp53^tm1Tyj/J

• cardiovascular system phenotype
• abnormal retinal vasculature (MGI Ref ID J:55873)
  • abnormally dilated peripheral retinal blood vessels, with some mice exhibiting thin blood vessels extending from the optic nerve head toward the lens, but few reach the lens surface
• vision/eye phenotype
• abnormal retinal vasculature (MGI Ref ID J:55873)
  • abnormally dilated peripheral retinal blood vessels, with some mice exhibiting thin blood vessels extending from the optic nerve head toward the lens, but few reach the lens surface

Trp53^tm1Tyj/Trp53^tm1Tyj

        B6.129S2-Trp53^tm1Tyj/J

• cardiovascular system phenotype
• abnormal retinal vasculature (MGI Ref ID J:55873)
  • abnormal blood vessels are found to extend from the peripapillary inner retina through the posterior vitreous and into the retrolental membranes
  • abnormally dilated peripheral retinal blood vessels
• vision/eye phenotype
• abnormal posterior eye segment morphology (MGI Ref ID J:55873)
  • on the C57BL/6J background aberrant ocular phenotypes are observed as early as 14 days of age
• abnormal ocular fundus morphology (MGI Ref ID J:55873)
  • pigmented or nonpigmented fibrous retrolental tissue is commonly found in homozygotes on the C57BL/6J background
• abnormal retina morphology (MGI Ref ID J:55873)
  • retinal folds are found in some homozygotes on the C57BL/6J background
• abnormal retinal vasculature (MGI Ref ID J:55873)
  • abnormal blood vessels are found to extend from the peripapillary inner retina through the posterior vitreous and into the retrolental membranes
  • abnormally dilated peripheral retinal blood vessels
• abnormal optic nerve morphology (MGI Ref ID J:55873)
  • the pial septae in many areas are disorganized on the C57BL/6J background but not the 129 or F1 backgrounds
• optic nerve degeneration (MGI Ref ID J:55873)
  • degeneration is found to varying degrees on the C57BL/6J background, but not the 129 background
• optic nerve hypoplasia (MGI Ref ID J:55873)
  • bilateral or unilateral optic nerve hypoplasia is found on the C57BL/6J background, but not on the 129 or F1 background
• opacity of vitreous body (MGI Ref ID J:55873)
  • fine snowflake-like vitreal opacities can be found on the C57BL/6J background by 21 days of age and may result from the accumulation of fibrous and vascular debris in the vitreous
• nervous system phenotype
• abnormal optic nerve morphology (MGI Ref ID J:55873)
  • the pial septae in many areas are disorganized on the C57BL/6J background but not the 129 or F1 backgrounds
• optic nerve degeneration (MGI Ref ID J:55873)
  • degeneration is found to varying degrees on the C57BL/6J background, but not the 129 background
• optic nerve hypoplasia (MGI Ref ID J:55873)
  • bilateral or unilateral optic nerve hypoplasia is found on the C57BL/6J background, but not on the 129 or F1 background

View Research Applications

Research Applications

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Trp53^tm1Tyj related

Apoptosis Research
Endogenous Regulators

Cancer Research
Increased Tumor Incidence
      Lymphomas
      Other Tissues/Organs: osteosarcoma
Toxicology
Tumor Suppressor Genes

Immunology and Inflammation Research
Intracellular Signaling Molecules

Mouse/Human Gene Homologs
Li-Fraumeni syndrome

Research Tools
Toxicology Research
      B and T cell deficiency, xenograft transplant host
      drug/compound testing

Genes & Alleles

Gene & Allele Information

Allele Symbol		Trp53tm1Tyj
Allele Name		targeted mutation 1, Tyler Jacks
Allele Type		Targeted (knock-out)
Common Name(s)		Trp53-; Trp53KO; p53-; p53delta; p53null;
Mutation Made By		Tyler Jacks,   Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Strain of Origin		129S2/SvPas
ES Cell Line Name		D3
ES Cell Line Strain		129S2/SvPas
Gene Symbol and Name		Trp53, transformation related protein 53
Chromosome		11
Gene Common Name(s)		FLJ92943; LFS1; MGC112612; p53;
General Note		This mutant allele was produced by a targeted neo insertion into the Trp53 locus. Homozygotes show no visible phenotype but develop tumors at 3-6 months of age. Heterozygotes develop tumors at 10 months of age. These mice model some of the features of human Li-Fraumeni syndrome (OMIM 151623), a form of familial breast cancer with mutations in TRP53 (J:16022)(J:16023) A specific human mutation found in hepatocellular carcinomas caused by hepatitis B infection or by aflatoxin exposure has been created in amouse model, resulting in a similar gene product (J:27363). Phenotypic Similarity to Human Syndrome: Glioblastoma Multiforme (J:149662)
Molecular Note		A neomycin cassette replaced 40% of the coding sequences beginning with exon 2 (upstream of the translation start site) and extending into exon 6. [MGI Ref ID J:17728]

Genotyping

Genotyping Information

Genotyping Protocols

Trp53^tm1Tyj, Standard PCR

Helpful Links

Genotyping resources and troubleshooting

References

References

Selected Reference(s)

Jacks T; Remington L; Williams BO; Schmitt EM; Halachmi S; Bronson RT; Weinberg RA. 1994. Tumor spectrum analysis in p53-mutant mice. Curr Biol 4(1):1-7. [PubMed: 7922305]  [MGI Ref ID J:17728]

Additional References

Trp53^tm1Tyj related

Aarabi S; Bhatt KA; Shi Y; Paterno J; Chang EI; Loh SA; Holmes JW; Longaker MT; Yee H; Gurtner GC. 2007. Mechanical load initiates hypertrophic scar formation through decreased cellular apoptosis. FASEB J 21(12):3250-61. [PubMed: 17504973]  [MGI Ref ID J:143834]

Ablamunits V; Cohen Y; Brazee IB; Gaetz HP; Vinson C; Klebanov S. 2006. Susceptibility to Induced and Spontaneous Carcinogenesis Is Increased in Fatless A-ZIP/F-1 but not in Obese ob/ob Mice. Cancer Res 66(17):8897-902. [PubMed: 16951207]  [MGI Ref ID J:112412]

Aggarwal P; Lessie MD; Lin DI; Pontano L; Gladden AB; Nuskey B; Goradia A; Wasik MA; Klein-Szanto AJ; Rustgi AK; Bassing CH; Diehl JA. 2007. Nuclear accumulation of cyclin D1 during S phase inhibits Cul4-dependent Cdt1 proteolysis and triggers p53-dependent DNA rereplication. Genes Dev 21(22):2908-22. [PubMed: 18006686]  [MGI Ref ID J:127316]

Aghi M; Cohen KS; Klein RJ; Scadden DT; Chiocca EA. 2006. Tumor stromal-derived factor-1 recruits vascular progenitors to mitotic neovasculature, where microenvironment influences their differentiated phenotypes. Cancer Res 66(18):9054-64. [PubMed: 16982747]  [MGI Ref ID J:112935]

Ahkter S; Richie CT; Zhang N; Behringer RR; Zhu C; Legerski RJ. 2005. Snm1-deficient mice exhibit accelerated tumorigenesis and susceptibility to infection. Mol Cell Biol 25(22):10071-8. [PubMed: 16260620]  [MGI Ref ID J:102381]

Akala OO; Park IK; Qian D; Pihalja M; Becker MW; Clarke MF. 2008. Long-term haematopoietic reconstitution by Trp53-/-p16Ink4a-/-p19Arf-/- multipotent progenitors. Nature 453(7192):228-32. [PubMed: 18418377]  [MGI Ref ID J:134785]

Alt JR; Greiner TC; Cleveland JL; Eischen CM. 2003. Mdm2 haplo-insufficiency profoundly inhibits Myc-induced lymphomagenesis. EMBO J 22(6):1442-50. [PubMed: 12628936]  [MGI Ref ID J:82477]

Artandi SE; Chang S; Lee SL; Alson S; Gottlieb GJ; Chin L; DePinho RA. 2000. Telomere dysfunction promotes non-reciprocal translocations and epithelial cancers in mice [see comments] Nature 406(6796):641-5. [PubMed: 10949306]  [MGI Ref ID J:63843]

Asakura A; Rudnicki MA. 2003. Rhabdomyosarcomagenesis-Novel pathway found. Cancer Cell 4(6):421-2. [PubMed: 14706332]  [MGI Ref ID J:88121]

Aslanian A; Iaquinta PJ; Verona R; Lees JA. 2004. Repression of the Arf tumor suppressor by E2F3 is required for normal cell cycle kinetics. Genes Dev 18(12):1413-22. [PubMed: 15175242]  [MGI Ref ID J:90855]

Ayanga B; Price R; Gu X; Lozano G; Evans SC. 2006. Genetic mapping of a putative tumor suppressor locus that influences tumorigenesis and metastasis in mice. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 45(7):668-75. [PubMed: 16586494]  [MGI Ref ID J:108788]

Backlund MG; Trasti SL; Backlund DC; Cressman VL; Godfrey V; Koller BH. 2001. Impact of ionizing radiation and genetic background on mammary tumorigenesis in p53-deficient mice. Cancer Res 61(17):6577-82. [PubMed: 11522657]  [MGI Ref ID J:71052]

Baek KH; Shin HJ; Yoo JK; Cho JH; Choi YH; Sung YC; McKeon F; Lee CW. 2003. p53 deficiency and defective mitotic checkpoint in proliferating T lymphocytes increase chromosomal instability through aberrant exit from mitotic arrest. J Leukoc Biol 73(6):850-61. [PubMed: 12773518]  [MGI Ref ID J:121196]

Bailey DP; Kashyap M; Bouton LA; Murray PJ; Ryan JJ. 2006. Interleukin-10 induces apoptosis in developing mast cells and macrophages. J Leukoc Biol 80(3):581-9. [PubMed: 16829633]  [MGI Ref ID J:112579]

Balsitis S; Dick F; Lee D; Farrell L; Hyde RK; Griep AE; Dyson N; Lambert PF. 2005. Examination of the pRb-dependent and pRb-independent functions of E7 in vivo. J Virol 79(17):11392-402. [PubMed: 16103190]  [MGI Ref ID J:101623]

Barboza JA; Iwakuma T; Terzian T; El-Naggar AK; Lozano G. 2008. Mdm2 and Mdm4 loss regulates distinct p53 activities. Mol Cancer Res 6(6):947-54. [PubMed: 18567799]  [MGI Ref ID J:139880]

Barboza JA; Liu G; Ju Z; El-Naggar AK; Lozano G. 2006. p21 delays tumor onset by preservation of chromosomal stability. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103(52):19842-7. [PubMed: 17170138]  [MGI Ref ID J:118255]

Bardeesy N; Bastian BC; Hezel A; Pinkel D; DePinho RA; Chin L. 2001. Dual inactivation of RB and p53 pathways in RAS-induced melanomas. Mol Cell Biol 21(6):2144-53. [PubMed: 11238948]  [MGI Ref ID J:67799]

Bardeesy N; Morgan J; Sinha M; Signoretti S; Srivastava S; Loda M; Merlino G; DePinho RA. 2002. Obligate roles for p16(Ink4a) and p19(Arf)-p53 in the suppression of murine pancreatic neoplasia. Mol Cell Biol 22(2):635-43. [PubMed: 11756558]  [MGI Ref ID J:73973]

Barkic M; Crnomarkovic S; Grabusic K; Bogetic I; Panic L; Tamarut S; Cokaric M; Jeric I; Vidak S; Volarevic S. 2009. The p53 tumor suppressor causes congenital malformations in Rpl24-deficient mice and promotes their survival. Mol Cell Biol 29(10):2489-504. [PubMed: 19273598]  [MGI Ref ID J:148991]

Barlow C; Brown KD; Deng CX; Tagle DA; Wynshaw-Boris A. 1997. Atm selectively regulates distinct p53-dependent cell-cycle checkpoint and apoptotic pathways. Nat Genet 17(4):453-6. [PubMed: 9398849]  [MGI Ref ID J:76690]

Barlow C; Liyanage M; Moens PB; Deng CX; Ried T; Wynshaw-Boris A. 1997. Partial rescue of the prophase I defects of Atm-deficient mice by p53 and p21 null alleles. Nat Genet 17(4):462-6. [PubMed: 9398851]  [MGI Ref ID J:44388]

Becker KA; Lu S; Dickinson ES; Dunphy KA; Mathews L; Schneider SS; Jerry DJ. 2005. Estrogen and progesterone regulate radiation-induced p53 activity in mammary epithelium through TGF-beta-dependent pathways. Oncogene 24(42):6345-53. [PubMed: 15940247]  [MGI Ref ID J:101763]

Beekman C; Nichane M; De Clercq S; Maetens M; Floss T; Wurst W; Bellefroid E; Marine JC. 2006. Evolutionarily conserved role of nucleostemin: controlling proliferation of stem/progenitor cells during early vertebrate development. Mol Cell Biol 26(24):9291-301. [PubMed: 17000755]  [MGI Ref ID J:118144]

Bekaert S; Derradji H; Meyer TD; Michaux A; Buset J; Neefs M; Mergeay M; Jacquet P; Van Oostveldt P; Baatout S. 2005. Telomere shortening is associated with malformation in p53-deficient mice after irradiation during specific stages of development. DNA Repair (Amst) 4(9):1028-37. [PubMed: 15990362]  [MGI Ref ID J:105007]

Bender CF; Sikes ML; Sullivan R; Huye LE; Le Beau MM; Roth DB; Mirzoeva OK; Oltz EM; Petrini JH. 2002. Cancer predisposition and hematopoietic failure in Rad50(S/S) mice. Genes Dev 16(17):2237-51. [PubMed: 12208847]  [MGI Ref ID J:78820]

Berges RR; Furuya Y; Remington L; English HF; Jacks T; Isaacs JT. 1993. Cell proliferation, DNA repair, and p53 function are not required for programmed death of prostatic glandular cells induced by androgen ablation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 90(19):8910-4. [PubMed: 8415631]  [MGI Ref ID J:111328]

Berman DM; Karhadkar SS; Hallahan AR; Pritchard JI; Eberhart CG; Watkins DN; Chen JK; Cooper MK; Taipale J; Olson JM; Beachy PA. 2002. Medulloblastoma growth inhibition by hedgehog pathway blockade. Science 297(5586):1559-61. [PubMed: 12202832]  [MGI Ref ID J:79798]

Bertout JA; Patel SA; Fryer BH; Durham AC; Covello KL; Olive KP; Goldschmidt MH; Simon MC. 2009. Heterozygosity for hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha decreases the incidence of thymic lymphomas in a p53 mutant mouse model. Cancer Res 69(7):3213-20. [PubMed: 19293180]  [MGI Ref ID J:147359]

Beumer TL; Roepers-Gajadien HL; Gademan IS; van Buul PP; Gil-Gomez G; Rutgers DH; de Rooij DG. 1998. The role of the tumor suppressor p53 in spermatogenesis. Cell Death Differ 5(8):669-77. [PubMed: 10200522]  [MGI Ref ID J:114210]

Blackburn AC; Brown JS; Naber SP; Otis CN; Wood JT; Jerry DJ. 2003. BALB/c alleles for Prkdc and Cdkn2a interact to modify tumor susceptibility in Trp53+/- mice. Cancer Res 63(10):2364-8. [PubMed: 12750252]  [MGI Ref ID J:83496]

Blackburn AC; Hill LZ; Roberts AL; Wang J; Aud D; Jung J; Nikolcheva T; Allard J; Peltz G; Otis CN; Cao QJ; Ricketts RS; Naber SP; Mollenhauer J; Poustka A; Malamud D; Jerry DJ. 2007. Genetic mapping in mice identifies DMBT1 as a candidate modifier of mammary tumors and breast cancer risk. Am J Pathol 170(6):2030-41. [PubMed: 17525270]  [MGI Ref ID J:122161]

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Vlangos CN; O'Connor BC; Morley MJ; Krause AS; Osawa GA; Keegan CE. 2009. Caudal regression in adrenocortical dysplasia (acd) mice is caused by telomere dysfunction with subsequent p53-dependent apoptosis. Dev Biol 334(2):418-28. [PubMed: 19660449]  [MGI Ref ID J:153642]

Vogel KS; Klesse LJ; Velasco-Miguel S; Meyers K; Rushing EJ; Parada LF. 1999. Mouse tumor model for neurofibromatosis type 1. Science 286(5447):2176-9. [PubMed: 10591653]  [MGI Ref ID J:58877]

Vogel KS; Parada LF. 1998. Sympathetic neuron survival and proliferation are prolonged by loss of p53 and neurofibromin. Mol Cell Neurosci 11(1-2):19-28. [PubMed: 9608530]  [MGI Ref ID J:47680]

Wagner M; Greten FR; Weber CK; Koschnick S; Mattfeldt T; Deppert W; Kern H; Adler G; Schmid RM. 2001. A murine tumor progression model for pancreatic cancer recapitulating the genetic alterations of the human disease. Genes Dev 15(3):286-93. [PubMed: 11159909]  [MGI Ref ID J:67389]

Wang L; Bowman L; Lu Y; Rojanasakul Y; Mercer RR; Castranova V; Ding M. 2005. Essential role of p53 in silica-induced apoptosis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 288(3):L488-96. [PubMed: 15557088]  [MGI Ref ID J:104767]

Wang L; Yang L; Debidda M; Witte D; Zheng Y. 2007. Cdc42 GTPase-activating protein deficiency promotes genomic instability and premature aging-like phenotypes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104(4):1248-53. [PubMed: 17227869]  [MGI Ref ID J:119516]

Wang S; Guo M; Ouyang H; Li X; Cordon-Cardo C; Kurimasa A; Chen DJ; Fuks Z; Ling CC; Li GC. 2000. The catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase selectively regulates p53-dependent apoptosis but not cell-cycle arrest. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97(4):1584-8. [PubMed: 10677503]  [MGI Ref ID J:126920]

Wang X; Kua HY; Hu Y; Guo K; Zeng Q; Wu Q; Ng HH; Karsenty G; de Crombrugghe B; Yeh J; Li B. 2006. p53 functions as a negative regulator of osteoblastogenesis, osteoblast-dependent osteoclastogenesis, and bone remodeling. J Cell Biol 172(1):115-25. [PubMed: 16380437]  [MGI Ref ID J:104404]

Wang X; Zhou YX; Qiao W; Tominaga Y; Ouchi M; Ouchi T; Deng CX. 2006. Overexpression of aurora kinase A in mouse mammary epithelium induces genetic instability preceding mammary tumor formation. Oncogene 25(54):7148-58. [PubMed: 16715125]  [MGI Ref ID J:145680]

Wang Y; Yang J; Zheng H; Tomasek GJ; Zhang P; McKeever PE; Lee EY; Zhu Y. 2009. Expression of mutant p53 proteins implicates a lineage relationship between neural stem cells and malignant astrocytic glioma in a murine model. Cancer Cell 15(6):514-26. [PubMed: 19477430]  [MGI Ref ID J:149662]

Weber GF; Bronson RT; Ilagan J; Cantor H; Schmits R; Mak TW. 2002. Absence of the CD44 gene prevents sarcoma metastasis. Cancer Res 62(8):2281-6. [PubMed: 11956084]  [MGI Ref ID J:76201]

Weber JD; Jeffers JR; Rehg JE; Randle DH; Lozano G; Roussel MF; Sherr CJ; Zambetti GP. 2000. p53-independent functions of the p19(ARF) tumor suppressor. Genes Dev 14(18):2358-65. [PubMed: 10995391]  [MGI Ref ID J:64876]

Wei C; Amos CI; Stephens LC; Campos I; Deng JM; Behringer RR; Rashid A; Frazier ML. 2005. Mutation of Lkb1 and p53 genes exert a cooperative effect on tumorigenesis. Cancer Res 65(24):11297-303. [PubMed: 16357136]  [MGI Ref ID J:104347]

Wei G; DeFeo K; Hayes CS; Woster PM; Mandik-Nayak L; Gilmour SK. 2008. Elevated ornithine decarboxylase levels activate ataxia telangiectasia mutated-DNA damage signaling in normal keratinocytes. Cancer Res 68(7):2214-22. [PubMed: 18381427]  [MGI Ref ID J:133302]

Wei Q; Dong G; Yang T; Megyesi J; Price PM; Dong Z. 2007. Activation and involvement of p53 in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 293(4):F1282-91. [PubMed: 17670903]  [MGI Ref ID J:125768]

Weiss WA; Israel M; Cobbs C; Holland E; James CD; Louis DN; Marks C; McClatchey AI; Roberts T; Van Dyke T; Wetmore C; Chiu IM; Giovannini M; Guha A; Higgins RJ; Marino S; Radovanovic I; Reilly K; Aldape K. 2002. Neuropathology of genetically engineered mice: consensus report and recommendations from an international forum. Oncogene 21(49):7453-63. [PubMed: 12386807]  [MGI Ref ID J:79667]

Weitzman JB; Fiette L; Matsuo K; Yaniv M. 2000. JunD protects cells from p53-dependent senescence and apoptosis Mol Cell 6(5):1109-19. [PubMed: 11106750]  [MGI Ref ID J:65879]

Wendel HG; Malina A; Zhao Z; Zender L; Kogan SC; Cordon-Cardo C; Pelletier J; Lowe SW. 2006. Determinants of sensitivity and resistance to rapamycin-chemotherapy drug combinations in vivo. Cancer Res 66(15):7639-46. [PubMed: 16885364]  [MGI Ref ID J:112099]

Wetmore C; Eberhart DE; Curran T. 2001. Loss of p53 but not ARF accelerates medulloblastoma in mice heterozygous for patched. Cancer Res 61(2):513-6. [PubMed: 11212243]  [MGI Ref ID J:67452]

White JD; Rachel C; Vermeulen R; Davies M; Grounds MD. 2002. The role of p53 in vivo during skeletal muscle post-natal development and regeneration: studies in p53 knockout mice. Int J Dev Biol 46(4):577-82. [PubMed: 12141446]  [MGI Ref ID J:100049]

Wikonkal NM; Remenyik E; Knezevic D; Zhang W; Liu M; Zhao H; Berton TR; Johnson DG; Brash DE. 2003. Inactivating E2f1 reverts apoptosis resistance and cancer sensitivity in Trp53-deficient mice. Nat Cell Biol 5(7):655-60. [PubMed: 12833065]  [MGI Ref ID J:84051]

Wilhelmsson U; Eliasson C; Bjerkvig R; Pekny M. 2003. Loss of GFAP expression in high-grade astrocytomas does not contribute to tumor development or progression. Oncogene 22(22):3407-11. [PubMed: 12776191]  [MGI Ref ID J:84194]

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Williams BR; Mirzoeva OK; Morgan WF; Lin J; Dunnick W; Petrini JH. 2002. A murine model of nijmegen breakage syndrome. Curr Biol 12(8):648-53. [PubMed: 11967151]  [MGI Ref ID J:75956]

Williams TM; Lee H; Cheung MW; Cohen AW; Razani B; Iyengar P; Scherer PE; Pestell RG; Lisanti MP. 2004. Combined loss of INK4a and caveolin-1 synergistically enhances cell proliferation and oncogene-induced tumorigenesis: role of INK4a/CAV-1 in mammary epithelial cell hyperplasia. J Biol Chem 279(23):24745-56. [PubMed: 15044451]  [MGI Ref ID J:90334]

Wloga EH; Criniti V; Yamasaki L; Bronson RT. 2004. Lymphomagenesis and female-specific lethality in p53-deficient mice occur independently of E2f1. Nat Cell Biol 6(7):565-7; author reply 567-8. [PubMed: 15232580]  [MGI Ref ID J:91560]

Wolvetang EJ; Wilson TJ; Sanij E; Busciglio J; Hatzistavrou T; Seth A; Hertzog PJ; Kola I. 2003. ETS2 overexpression in transgenic models and in Down syndrome predisposes to apoptosis via the p53 pathway. Hum Mol Genet 12(3):247-55. [PubMed: 12554679]  [MGI Ref ID J:81680]

Wong KS; Li YJ; Howard J; Ben-David Y. 1999. Loss of p53 in F-MuLV induced-erythroleukemias accelerates the acquisition of mutational events that confers immortality and growth factor independence. Oncogene 18(40):5525-34. [PubMed: 10523829]  [MGI Ref ID J:58012]

Wu B; Qiu W; Wang P; Yu H; Cheng T; Zambetti GP; Zhang L; Yu J. 2007. p53 independent induction of PUMA mediates intestinal apoptosis in response to ischaemia-reperfusion. Gut 56(5):645-54. [PubMed: 17127703]  [MGI Ref ID J:135945]

Wu J; Trogadis J; Bremner R. 2001. Rod and cone degeneration in the rd mouse is p53 independent. Mol Vis 7:101-6. [PubMed: 11344337]  [MGI Ref ID J:126023]

Wu L; Multani AS; He H; Cosme-Blanco W; Deng Y; Deng JM; Bachilo O; Pathak S; Tahara H; Bailey SM; Deng Y; Behringer RR; Chang S. 2006. Pot1 deficiency initiates DNA damage checkpoint activation and aberrant homologous recombination at telomeres. Cell 126(1):49-62. [PubMed: 16839876]  [MGI Ref ID J:112184]

Xing D; Orsulic S. 2006. A mouse model for the molecular characterization of brca1-associated ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Res 66(18):8949-53. [PubMed: 16982732]  [MGI Ref ID J:112932]

Xiong S; Van Pelt CS; Elizondo-Fraire AC; Fernandez-Garcia B; Lozano G. 2007. Loss of Mdm4 results in p53-dependent dilated cardiomyopathy. Circulation 115(23):2925-30. [PubMed: 17533180]  [MGI Ref ID J:137114]

Xu M; Yu Q; Subrahmanyam R; Difilippantonio MJ; Ried T; Sen JM. 2008. Beta-catenin expression results in p53-independent DNA damage and oncogene-induced senescence in prelymphomagenic thymocytes in vivo. Mol Cell Biol 28(5):1713-23. [PubMed: 18160717]  [MGI Ref ID J:132650]

Xu Y; Yang EM; Brugarolas J; Jacks T; Baltimore D. 1998. Involvement of p53 and p21 in cellular defects and tumorigenesis in Atm-/- mice. Mol Cell Biol 18(7):4385-90. [PubMed: 9632822]  [MGI Ref ID J:49262]

Yahagi N; Shimano H; Matsuzaka T; Najima Y; Sekiya M; Nakagawa Y; Ide T; Tomita S; Okazaki H; Tamura Y; Iizuka Y; Ohashi K; Gotoda T; Nagai R; Kimura S; Ishibashi S; Osuga J; Yamada N. 2003. p53 Activation in adipocytes of obese mice. J Biol Chem 278(28):25395-400. [PubMed: 12734185]  [MGI Ref ID J:120652]

Yahagi N; Shimano H; Matsuzaka T; Sekiya M; Najima Y; Okazaki S; Okazaki H; Tamura Y; Iizuka Y; Inoue N; Nakagawa Y; Takeuchi Y; Ohashi K; Harada K; Gotoda T; Nagai R; Kadowaki T; Ishibashi S; Osuga J; Yamada N. 2004. p53 involvement in the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease. J Biol Chem 279(20):20571-5. [PubMed: 14985341]  [MGI Ref ID J:124263]

Yamanishi Y; Boyle DL; Pinkoski MJ; Mahboubi A; Lin T; Han Z; Zvaifler NJ; Green DR; Firestein GS. 2002. Regulation of Joint Destruction and Inflammation by p53 in Collagen-Induced Arthritis. Am J Pathol 160(1):123-30. [PubMed: 11786406]  [MGI Ref ID J:73730]

Yan CT; Boboila C; Souza EK; Franco S; Hickernell TR; Murphy M; Gumaste S; Geyer M; Zarrin AA; Manis JP; Rajewsky K; Alt FW. 2007. IgH class switching and translocations use a robust non-classical end-joining pathway. Nature 449(7161):478-82. [PubMed: 17713479]  [MGI Ref ID J:126758]

Yang DH; Fazili Z; Smith ER; Cai KQ; Klein-Szanto A; Cohen C; Horowitz IR; Xu XX. 2006. Disabled-2 Heterozygous Mice Are Predisposed to Endometrial and Ovarian Tumorigenesis and Exhibit Sex-Biased Embryonic Lethality in a p53-Null Background. Am J Pathol 169(1):258-67. [PubMed: 16816378]  [MGI Ref ID J:110173]

Yang X; Klein R; Tian X; Cheng HT; Kopan R; Shen J. 2004. Notch activation induces apoptosis in neural progenitor cells through a p53-dependent pathway. Dev Biol 269(1):81-94. [PubMed: 15081359]  [MGI Ref ID J:90392]

Yeh JR; Ju R; Brdlik CM; Zhang W; Zhang Y; Matyskiela ME; Shotwell JD; Crews CM. 2006. Targeted gene disruption of methionine aminopeptidase 2 results in an embryonic gastrulation defect and endothelial cell growth arrest. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103(27):10379-84. [PubMed: 16790550]  [MGI Ref ID J:111701]

Yin C; Knudson CM; Korsmeyer SJ; Van Dyke T. 1997. Bax suppresses tumorigenesis and stimulates apoptosis in vivo. Nature 385(6617):637-40. [PubMed: 9024662]  [MGI Ref ID J:38331]

Yin Y; Stahl BC; DeWolf WC; Morgentaler A. 2002. P53 and Fas are sequential mechanisms of testicular germ cell apoptosis. J Androl 23(1):64-70. [PubMed: 11780924]  [MGI Ref ID J:105850]

Yin Y; Stahl BC; DeWolf WC; Morgentaler A. 1998. p53-mediated germ cell quality control in spermatogenesis. Dev Biol 204(1):165-71. [PubMed: 9851850]  [MGI Ref ID J:110639]

Young LC; Keuling AM; Lai R; Nation PN; Tron VA; Andrew SE. 2007. The associated contributions of p53 and the DNA mismatch repair protein Msh6 to spontaneous tumorigenesis. Carcinogenesis 28(10):2131-8. [PubMed: 17615258]  [MGI Ref ID J:125800]

Yuan L; Liu JG; Hoja MR; Lightfoot DA; Hoog C. 2001. The checkpoint monitoring chromosomal pairing in male meiotic cells is p53-independent. Cell Death Differ 8(3):316-7. [PubMed: 11319615]  [MGI Ref ID J:105790]

Zeini M; Traves PG; Lopez-Fontal R; Pantoja C; Matheu A; Serrano M; Bosca L; Hortelano S. 2006. Specific contribution of p19(ARF) to nitric oxide-dependent apoptosis. J Immunol 177(5):3327-36. [PubMed: 16920973]  [MGI Ref ID J:139500]

Zelazny E; Li B; Anagnostopoulos AM; Coleman A; Perkins AS. 2001. Cooperating Oncogenic Events in Murine Mammary Tumorigenesis: Assessment of ErbB2, Mutant p53, and Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus. Exp Mol Pathol 70(3):183-93. [PubMed: 11417997]  [MGI Ref ID J:70644]

Zeng Q; Oakley B. 1999. p53 and Bax: putative death factors in taste cell turnover. J Comp Neurol 413(1):168-80. [PubMed: 10464378]  [MGI Ref ID J:57477]

Zhang J; Schweers B; Dyer MA. 2004. The first knockout mouse model of retinoblastoma. Cell Cycle 3(7):952-9. [PubMed: 15190215]  [MGI Ref ID J:103618]

Zhang L; Anglesio MS; O'sullivan M; Zhang F; Yang G; Sarao R; Nghiem MP; Cronin S; Hara H; Melnyk N; Li L; Wada T; Liu PP; Farrar J; Arceci RJ; Sorensen PH; Penninger JM. 2007. The E3 ligase HACE1 is a critical chromosome 6q21 tumor suppressor involved in multiple cancers. Nat Med 13(9):1060-1069. [PubMed: 17694067]  [MGI Ref ID J:125183]

Zhang X; Podsypanina K; Huang S; Mohsin SK; Chamness GC; Hatsell S; Cowin P; Schiff R; Li Y. 2005. Estrogen receptor positivity in mammary tumors of Wnt-1 transgenic mice is influenced by collaborating oncogenic mutations. Oncogene 24(26):4220-31. [PubMed: 15824740]  [MGI Ref ID J:99546]

Zhu M; Weiss RS. 2007. Increased common fragile site expression, cell proliferation defects, and apoptosis following conditional inactivation of mouse Hus1 in primary cultured cells. Mol Biol Cell 18(3):1044-55. [PubMed: 17215515]  [MGI Ref ID J:123894]

Zhu Y; Guignard F; Zhao D; Liu L; Burns DK; Mason RP; Messing A; Parada LF. 2005. Early inactivation of p53 tumor suppressor gene cooperating with NF1 loss induces malignant astrocytoma. Cancer Cell 8(2):119-30. [PubMed: 16098465]  [MGI Ref ID J:101868]

Zindy F; Nilsson LM; Nguyen L; Meunier C; Smeyne RJ; Rehg JE; Eberhart C; Sherr CJ; Roussel MF. 2003. Hemangiosarcomas, medulloblastomas, and other tumors in Ink4c/p53-null mice. Cancer Res 63(17):5420-7. [PubMed: 14500377]  [MGI Ref ID J:85515]

Zou X; Cong F; Coutts M; Cattoretti G; Goff SP; Calame K. 2000. p53 deficiency increases transformation by v-Abl and rescues the ability of a C-terminally truncated v-Abl mutant To induce pre-B lymphoma In vivo Mol Cell Biol 20(2):628-33. [PubMed: 10611241]  [MGI Ref ID J:59574]

Zwaferink H; Stockinger S; Reipert S; Decker T. 2008. Stimulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by beta interferon increases necrotic death of macrophages upon Listeria monocytogenes infection. Infect Immun 76(4):1649-56. [PubMed: 18268032]  [MGI Ref ID J:133523]

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van Kranen HJ; Westerman A; Berg RJ; Kram N; van Kreijl CF; Wester PW; de Gruijl FR. 2005. Dose-dependent effects of UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis in hairless p53 knockout mice. Mutat Res 571(1-2):81-90. [PubMed: 15748640]  [MGI Ref ID J:96767]

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Health & husbandry

The genotypes of the animals provided may not reflect those discussed in the strain description or the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation. Please inquire for possible genotypes for this specific strain.

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Colony Maintenance

Breeding & Husbandry	This Trp53tm1Tyj strain is maintained by mating heterozygous females by homozygous male sibs. Homozygous and heterozygous mice are available for sales. 7-20-98 Expected coat color from breeding:White Bellied Agouti
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Cryopreserved. Ready for recovery. Please refer to pricing and supply notes for further information.

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Cryorecovery - Standard. We will fulfill your order by providing at least two pair of mice, at least one animal of each pair carrying the mutation of interest. The total number of animals provided, their gender and genotype will vary. Please inquire if larger numbers of animals with specific genotype and genders are needed. Animals typically ship between 13 and 16 weeks from the date of your order. If a second cryorecovery is needed in order to provide the minimum number of animals, animals will ship within 25 weeks. IMPORTANT NOTE: The genotypes of animals provided may not reflect the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation, or that discussed in the strain description. Please inquire about possible genotypes which will be recovered for this specific strain. The Jackson Laboratory cannot guarantee the reproductive success of mice shipped to your facility. If the mice are lost after the first three days (post-arrival) or do not produce progeny at your facility, a new order and fee will be necessary. Cryorecovery to establish a Dedicated Supply for greater quantities of mice. Mice recovered can be used to establish a dedicated colony to contractually supply you mice according to your requirements. Price by quotation. For more information on Dedicated Supply, please contact JAX® Services, Tel: 1-800-422-6423 (from U.S.A., Canada or Puerto Rico only) or 1-207-288-5845 (from any location). This strain is included in the Induced Mutant Resource Colony collection. Genomic DNA is available for this strain from the Mouse DNA Resource.

Control Information

	Control
	101045 B6129SF2/J	(approximate)
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The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX^® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX^® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX^® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.

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OncoMouse^® requires a license from DuPont, see Licenses for Strains with OncoMouse^® Technology.
P53 Mice are subject to U.S. 5,569,824 and corresponding license requirements.

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"MICE" means mouse strains, their progeny derived by inbreeding or crossbreeding, unmodified derivatives from mouse strains or their progeny supplied by The Jackson Laboratory ("JACKSON"). "PRODUCTS" means biological materials supplied by JACKSON, and their derivatives. "RECIPIENT" means each recipient of MICE, PRODUCTS, or services provided by JACKSON including each institution, its employees and other researchers under its control. MICE or PRODUCTS shall not be: (i) used for any purpose other than the internal research, (ii) sold or otherwise provided to any third party for any use, or (iii) provided to any agent or other third party to provide breeding or other services. Acceptance of MICE or PRODUCTS from JACKSON shall be deemed as agreement by RECIPIENT to these conditions, and departure from these conditions requires JACKSON's prior written authorization.

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