Description

Strain Information

Type Congenic; Mutant Strain; Targeted Mutation; Additional information on Genetically Engineered Mutant Mice. Species laboratory mouse Background Strain C57BL/6J Donor Strain 129P2 via E14TG2a ES cell line Generation N5F2p   Donating Investigator The Jackson Laboratory,

Appearance
black
Related Genotype: a/a

Description
Mice homozygous for the Tgfa^tm1Ard mutation develop normally, are of normal size, weight, and health, and are fertile. They display a pronounced waviness in the coat and whiskers, and dramatic derangement of the hair follicles. Older homozygous mice occasionally show some corneal inflammation that may be the result of a defect in wound healing.

Development
The Tgfa^tm1Ard mutant strain was developed in the laboratory of Dr. Ashley Dunn at the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne Tumour Biology Branch. The 129-derived E14 ES cell line was used. The C57BL/6J strain was generated by backcrossing mice carrying the Tgfa^tm1Ard mutation 5 or more times to C57BL/6J mice.

Control Information

	Control
	000664 C57BL/6J
Considerations for Choosing Controls

Related Strains

Strains carrying other alleles of Tgfa

000004	ABP/LeJ
002863	B6.Cg-Tgfawa1/J

View Strains carrying other alleles of Tgfa     (2 strains)

Additional Web Information

Congenic Nomenclature

Phenotype

Phenotype Information

View Mammalian Phenotype Terms

Mammalian Phenotype Terms

      assigned by genotype

The following phenotype information may relate to a genetic background differing from this JAX^® Mice strain.

Tgfa^tm1Ard/Tgfa^tm1Ard

        involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6

• skin/coat/nails phenotype
• abnormal hair follicle orientation (MGI Ref ID J:4606)
• increased curvature of hairs (MGI Ref ID J:4606)
• waved hair (MGI Ref ID J:4606)
  • attenuated slightly with age
• touch/vibrissae phenotype
• curly vibrissae (MGI Ref ID J:4606)
  • attenuated slightly with age
• vision/eye phenotype
• eyelids open at birth (MGI Ref ID J:4606)
• increased incidence of corneal inflammation (MGI Ref ID J:4606)
• immune system phenotype
• increased incidence of corneal inflammation (MGI Ref ID J:4606)

View Research Applications

Research Applications

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Internal/Organ Research
Wound Healing (delayed/impaired)

Tgfa^tm1Ard related

Cancer Research
Growth Factors/Receptors/Cytokines

Dermatology Research
Skin and Hair Texture Defects

Endocrine Deficiency Research
Skin Defects

Immunology and Inflammation Research
Growth Factors/Receptors/Cytokines

Genes & Alleles

Gene & Allele Information

Allele Symbol		Tgfatm1Ard
Allele Name		targeted mutation 1, Ashley R Dunn
Allele Type		Targeted (knock-out)
Common Name(s)		Tgfalpha -;
Mutation Made By		Ashley Dunn,   Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research
Strain of Origin		129P2/OlaHsd
ES Cell Line Name		E14
ES Cell Line Strain		129P2/OlaHsd
Gene Symbol and Name		Tgfa, transforming growth factor alpha
Chromosome		6
Gene Common Name(s)		RATTGFAA; TFGA; TGFAA; wa-1; wa1; waved 1;
General Note		In conjunction with Fgf7tm1Efu, double homozygous mutant mice display no additional abnormalities nor increase in severity of phenotypes over individual homozygous mutants. (J:31155)
Molecular Note		A neomycin cassette was inserted into exon 3 of the gene. [MGI Ref ID J:4606]

Genotyping

Genotyping Information

Genotyping Protocols

NEOTD (Generic Neo), STD PCR, vers. 1

Helpful Links

Optimizing PCR Protocols

References

References

Selected Reference(s)

Mann GB; Fowler KJ; Gabriel A; Nice EC; Williams RL; Dunn AR. 1993. Mice with a null mutation of the TGF alpha gene have abnormal skin architecture, wavy hair, and curly whiskers and often develop corneal inflammation. Cell 73(2):249-61. [PubMed: 8477444]  [MGI Ref ID J:4606]

Additional References

Abbott BD; Buckalew AR; DeVito MJ; Ross D; Bryant PL; Schmid JE. 2003. EGF and TGF-alpha expression influence the developmental toxicity of TCDD: dose response and AhR phenotype in EGF, TGF-alpha, and EGF + TGF-alpha knockout mice. Toxicol Sci 71(1):84-95. [PubMed: 12520078]  [MGI Ref ID J:87957]

Bryant PL; Schmid JE; Fenton SE; Buckalew AR; Abbott BD. 2001. Teratogenicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in mice lacking the expression of EGF and/or TGF-alpha. Toxicol Sci 62(1):103-14. [PubMed: 11399798]  [MGI Ref ID J:87956]

Dlugosz AA; Cheng C; Williams EK; Darwiche N; Dempsey PJ; Mann B; Dunn AR; Coffey RJ Jr; Yuspa SH. 1995. Autocrine transforming growth factor alpha is dispensible for v-rasHa-induced epidermal neoplasia: potential involvement of alternate epidermal growth factor receptor ligands. Cancer Res 55(9):1883-93. [PubMed: 7728756]  [MGI Ref ID J:24930]

Tgfa^tm1Ard related

Abbott BD; Best DS; Narotsky MG. 2005. Teratogenic effects of retinoic acid are modulated in mice lacking expression of epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor-alpha. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 73(4):204-17. [PubMed: 15799028]  [MGI Ref ID J:101656]

Abbott BD; Buckalew AR; DeVito MJ; Ross D; Bryant PL; Schmid JE. 2003. EGF and TGF-alpha expression influence the developmental toxicity of TCDD: dose response and AhR phenotype in EGF, TGF-alpha, and EGF + TGF-alpha knockout mice. Toxicol Sci 71(1):84-95. [PubMed: 12520078]  [MGI Ref ID J:87957]

Blum M. 1998. A null mutation in TGF-alpha leads to a reduction in midbrain dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Nat Neurosci 1(5):374-7. [PubMed: 10196526]  [MGI Ref ID J:49629]

Bryant PL; Schmid JE; Fenton SE; Buckalew AR; Abbott BD. 2001. Teratogenicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in mice lacking the expression of EGF and/or TGF-alpha. Toxicol Sci 62(1):103-14. [PubMed: 11399798]  [MGI Ref ID J:87956]

Charalambous CT; Hannigan A; Tsimbouri P; McPhee GM; Wilson JB. 2007. Latent membrane protein 1-induced EGFR signalling is negatively regulated by TGF{alpha} prior to neoplasia. Carcinogenesis 28(8):1839-48. [PubMed: 17361012]  [MGI Ref ID J:124325]

Egger B; Procaccino F; Lakshmanan J; Reinshagen M; Hoffmann P ; Patel A ; Reuben W ; Gnanakkan S ; Liu L ; Barajas L ; Eysselein VE. 1997. Mice lacking transforming growth factor alpha have an increased susceptibility to dextran sulfate-induced colitis. Gastroenterology 113(3):825-32. [PubMed: 9287974]  [MGI Ref ID J:43892]

Getchell TV; Narla RK; Little S; Hyde JF; Getchell ML. 2000. Horizontal basal cell proliferation in the olfactory epithelium of transforming growth factor-alpha transgenic mice Cell Tissue Res 299(2):185-92. [PubMed: 10741459]  [MGI Ref ID J:61226]

Guo L; Degenstein L; Fuchs E. 1996. Keratinocyte growth factor is required for hair development but not for wound healing. Genes Dev 10(2):165-75. [PubMed: 8566750]  [MGI Ref ID J:31155]

Kim I; Mogford JE; Chao JD; Mustoe TA. 2001. Wound epithelialization deficits in the transforming growth factor-alpha knockout mouse. Wound Repair Regen 9(5):386-90. [PubMed: 11896982]  [MGI Ref ID J:103517]

Madtes DK; Elston AL; Hackman RC; Dunn AR; Clark JG. 1999. Transforming growth factor-alpha deficiency reduces pulmonary fibrosis in transgenic mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 20(5):924-34. [PubMed: 10226062]  [MGI Ref ID J:114268]

Minami S; Iwamoto R; Mekada E. 2008. HB-EGF decelerates cell proliferation synergistically with TGFalpha in perinatal distal lung development. Dev Dyn 237(1):247-58. [PubMed: 18069687]  [MGI Ref ID J:130339]

Sun H; Oakley B. 2002. Development of anterior gustatory epithelia in the palate and tongue requires epidermal growth factor receptor. Dev Biol 242(1):31-43. [PubMed: 11795938]  [MGI Ref ID J:74312]

Xian CJ; Li L; Deng YS; Zhao SP; Zhou XF. 2001. Lack of effects of transforming growth factor-alpha gene knockout on peripheral nerve regeneration may result from compensatory mechanisms. Exp Neurol 172(1):182-8. [PubMed: 11681850]  [MGI Ref ID J:119305]

Xian CJ; Mardell CE; Read LC. 1999. Specificity of the localization of transforming growth factor-alpha immunoreactivity in colon mucosa. J Histochem Cytochem 47(7):949-58. [PubMed: 10375383]  [MGI Ref ID J:56069]

Health & husbandry

Health & Colony Maintenance Information

Colony Maintenance

Breeding & Husbandry	The Tgfatm1Ard strain is maintained by mating homozygous siblings. Homozygous mice may be ordered. Corneas of homozygous mutants are often scarred from injuries that do not heal normally. Expected coat color from breeding:Black
Diet Information	LabDiet® 5K52/5K67

Purchasing information

Pricing, Supply Level & Notes, Controls, General Terms & Conditions

Pricing

Supply Details

Standard Supply

Repository-Cryopreserved. Must Be Recovered. Please refer to pricing and supply notes for further information.

Supply Notes

Cryorecovery - Standard. The recovery process begins when a signed agreement form is returned to the Customer Service Department after order placement. Although results vary by strain, at least two males and two females (two pairs) will be provided, typically within 15 weeks of our receipt of the signed agreement form. If the first recovery attempt is unsuccessful or only one pair is recovered, a second recovery will be done, extending the delivery time to approximately 25 weeks. At least one member of each pair will be of known genotype and will carry the mutation if it is a mutant strain. Please note that pairs may not reflect the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation of the strain. Mating schemes are sometimes modified for successful cryopreservation. Price represents a repository maintenance fee, which includes the cost of recovery of the strain from the cryopreservation resource and the periodic replacement of the frozen embryos used for recovery. Cryorecovery to establish a Dedicated Supply for greater quantities of mice. One to two pairs will be recovered to establish a Dedicated Supply of mice. Price by quotation. For more information on Dedicated Supply, please contact JAX® Services, Tel: 1-800-422-6423 or 1-207-288-5845. This strain is included in the Induced Mutant Resource Colony collection. Genomic DNA is available for this strain from the Mouse DNA Resource.

Control Information

	Control
	000664 C57BL/6J
Considerations for Choosing Controls
USA, Canada and Mexico - Control Pricing Information for Genetically Engineered Mutant Strains.
International - Control Pricing Information for Genetically Engineered Mutant Strains.

General Terms and Conditions

See Terms of Use

The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise

The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX^® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX^® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX^® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.

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Ordering and Purchasing Information

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Contact Information
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Tel: 800.422.6423 or 207.288.5845
Fax: 207.288.6150
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Terms of Use

Terms of Use

General Terms and Conditions

Contact information

General inquiries

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phone:	207-288-6470
fax:	207-288-6655

JAX^® Mice & Services Conditions of Use

“Each recipient institution, including its employees and other researchers under its control (RECIPIENT), of mice or services using mice from The Jackson Laboratory (TJL) agrees that such mice, descendants of those mice derived by inbreeding or crossbreeding, including unmodified derivatives of those mice or their descendants (“MICE”) shall not be: (i) used for any purpose other than the internal research of the RECIPIENT, (ii) sold or otherwise provided to any third party for any use, or (iii) provided to any agent or other third party to provide breeding or other services with respect to MICE. Acceptance of MICE from TJL shall be deemed agreement by RECIPIENT to these conditions, and departure from these conditions requires The Jackson Laboratory’s prior written authorization.”

In case of dissatisfaction for a valid reason and claimed in writing by a purchaser within ninety (90) days of receipt of MICE, products or services, The Jackson Laboratory will, at its option, provide credit or replacement for the MICE or product received or the services provided.

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The foregoing represents the General Terms and Conditions applicable to The Jackson Laboratory’s MICE, products and services. In addition, special terms and conditions of sale of certain MICE, products and services may be set forth separately in The Jackson Laboratory web pages, catalogs, price lists, contracts, and/or other documents, and these special terms and conditions shall also govern the sale of these MICE, products and services by The Jackson Laboratory, and by its licensees and distributors.

Acceptance of delivery of MICE, products or services shall be deemed agreement to these terms and conditions. No purchase order or other document transmitted by purchaser or recipient that may modify the terms and conditions hereof, shall be in any way binding on The Jackson Laboratory, and instead the terms and conditions set forth herein, including any special terms and conditions set forth separately, shall govern the sale of MICE, products services by The Jackson Laboratory.