Description

The genotypes of the animals provided may not reflect those discussed in the strain description or the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation. Please inquire for possible genotypes for this specific strain.

Strain Information

Former Names C57BL/6JEi-pwk/J    (Changed: 15-DEC-04 ) Type Congenic; Mutant Strain; Spontaneous Mutation; Additional information on Genetically Engineered and Mutant Mice. Visit our online Nomenclature tutorial. Additional information on Congenic nomenclature. Species laboratory mouse Generation N10p

Description
Homozygous patchwork mice have hairs that are either totally white or totally pigmented, but no diluted coloration of the hair. On a nonagouti background this produces a salt-and-pepper appearance from white hairs juxtaposed with black hairs. This occurs throughout the coat and does not vary by anatomic region. The absence of pigment in the white hairs is due to an absence of melanocytes in the hair follicles of the white hairs; functioning melanocytes are present in the hair follicles of the black hairs. The absence of melanotyes in the follicles of the white hairs results from premature death of melanoblasts during development. TUNEL staining indicates that this melanoblast death is apoptotic and begins around embryonic day 18.5. This suggests that patchwork melanoblasts can survive and function if enough survive, but fail to survive when adequately reduced in number. Analysis of aggregation chimeras between patchwork and albino donors revealed gray hairs at the boundaries between the white and black hairs indicating that the albino melanoblasts could enhance the survival of patchwork melanoblasts. Thus, the patchwork defect is not strictly melanoblast autonomous. (Aubin-Houzelstein et al., 1998.)

Development
pwk is a spontaneous mutation that was identified in an outbred stock referred to as Pm stock. Pm stock was homozygous for a^t and segregating for Tyrp1^b, Tyr^c, Ednrb^s, Foxq1^sa, p, Myo5a^d, and Fgf5^go. pwk was backcrossed 4 times via backcross-intercross from this Pm stock onto C57BL/6. Then, in 1993 Dr. Karen Moore sent N4F1 males homozygous for pwk to Dr. Eva Eicher at The Jackson Laboratory. pwk was then backcrossed onto the C57BL/6JEi background, and in 1996 C57BL/6J females were bred with N9F2 B6Ei.Cg-pwk homozygotes to generate embryos for cryopreservation.

Control Information

	Control
	000664 C57BL/6J
Considerations for Choosing Controls

Phenotype

Phenotype Information

View Mammalian Phenotype Terms

Mammalian Phenotype Terms

      assigned by genotype

The following phenotype information may relate to a genetic background differing from this JAX^® Mice strain.

pwk/pwk

        Outbred

• pigmentation phenotype
• irregular coat pigmentation (MGI Ref ID J:48520)
  • mice are variegated with white or fully pigmented hairs; no partially pigmented (gray) hairs are found
  • random inviability of melanoblasts in some hair follicles results in white hairs
  • melanoblasts and melanocytes are found in the epidermis of homozygous mice, however
• skin/coat/nails phenotype
• irregular coat pigmentation (MGI Ref ID J:48520)
  • mice are variegated with white or fully pigmented hairs; no partially pigmented (gray) hairs are found
  • random inviability of melanoblasts in some hair follicles results in white hairs
  • melanoblasts and melanocytes are found in the epidermis of homozygous mice, however

View Research Applications

Research Applications

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

pwk related

Apoptosis Research

Dermatology Research
Color and White Spotting Defects

Developmental Biology Research
Skin and Hair Texture Defects

Genes & Alleles

Gene & Allele Information

Allele Symbol		pwk
Allele Name		patchwork
Allele Type		Spontaneous
Strain of Origin		Outbred
Gene Symbol and Name		pwk, patchwork
Chromosome		10
Molecular Note		This mutation arose spontaneously in an outbred stock of unknown origin.

Genotyping

Genotyping Information

This strain will not have a genotyping protocol or one is not currently available.

Helpful Links

Optimizing PCR Protocols

References

References

Selected Reference(s)

Aubin-Houzelstein G; Bernex F; Elbaz C; Panthier JJ. 1998. Survival of patchwork melanoblasts is dependent upon their number in the hair follicle at the end of embryogenesis. Dev Biol 198(2):266-76. [PubMed: 9659932]  [MGI Ref ID J:48520]

Additional References

pwk related

Aubin-Houzelstein G; Panthier JJ. 1999. The patchwork mouse phenotype: implication for melanocyte replacement in the hair follicle. Pigment Cell Res 12(3):181-6. [PubMed: 10385914]  [MGI Ref ID J:58057]

Health & husbandry

Health & Colony Maintenance Information

Currently there no information available for this strain. This may be due to the supply level of this strain.

Purchasing information

Pricing, Supply Level & Notes, Controls, General Terms & Conditions

Pricing

Supply Details

Standard Supply

Cryopreserved. Ready for recovery. Please refer to pricing and supply notes for further information.

Supply Notes

Cryorecovery - Standard. At least two mice that carry the mutation (if it is a mutant strain) will be provided. The total number of animals provided, their gender and genotype will vary. Please inquire if larger numbers of animals with specific genotypes and genders are needed. IMPORTANT NOTE: The genotypes of the animals provided may not reflect the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation, or that discussed in the strain description. Please inquire for possible genotypes for this specific strain. Animals typically ship within 13 to 16 weeks from your order. If a second cryorecovery is needed in order to provide the minimum number of animals, animals will typically ship within 25 weeks. Cryorecovery to establish a Dedicated Supply for greater quantities of mice. One to two pairs will be recovered to establish a Dedicated Supply of mice. Price by quotation. For more information on Dedicated Supply, please contact JAX® Services, Tel: 1-800-422-6423 or 1-207-288-5845. Genomic DNA is available for this strain from the Mouse DNA Resource.

Control Information

	Control
	000664 C57BL/6J
Considerations for Choosing Controls
USA, Canada and Mexico - Control Pricing Information for Genetically Engineered Mutant Strains.
International - Control Pricing Information for Genetically Engineered Mutant Strains.

General Terms and Conditions

See Terms of Use

The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise

The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX^® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX^® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX^® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.

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Ordering and Purchasing Information

      Purchasing Information
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Contact Information
Orders & Technical Support
Tel: 800.422.6423 or 207.288.5845
Fax: 207.288.6150
Technical Support Email Form

Terms of Use

Terms of Use

General Terms and Conditions

Contact information

General inquiries

Contracts Administration

phone:	207-288-6470
fax:	207-288-6655

JAX^® Mice & Services Conditions of Use

“Each recipient institution, including its employees and other researchers under its control (RECIPIENT), of mice or services using mice from The Jackson Laboratory (TJL) agrees that such mice, descendants of those mice derived by inbreeding or crossbreeding, including unmodified derivatives of those mice or their descendants (“MICE”) shall not be: (i) used for any purpose other than the internal research of the RECIPIENT, (ii) sold or otherwise provided to any third party for any use, or (iii) provided to any agent or other third party to provide breeding or other services with respect to MICE. Acceptance of MICE from TJL shall be deemed agreement by RECIPIENT to these conditions, and departure from these conditions requires The Jackson Laboratory’s prior written authorization.”

In case of dissatisfaction for a valid reason and claimed in writing by a purchaser within ninety (90) days of receipt of MICE, products or services, The Jackson Laboratory will, at its option, provide credit or replacement for the MICE or product received or the services provided.

No Liability

In no event shall The Jackson Laboratory, its trustees, directors, officers, employees, and affiliates be liable for any causes of action or damages, including any direct, indirect, special, or consequential damages, arising out of the provision of MICE, products or services, including economic damage or injury to property and lost profits, and including any damage arising from acts or negligence on the part of The Jackson Laboratory, its agents or employees. In purchasing or receiving MICE, products or services from The Jackson Laboratory, purchaser or recipient, or any party claiming by or through them, expressly releases and discharges The Jackson Laboratory from all such causes of action or damages, and further agrees to defend and indemnify The Jackson Laboratory from any costs or damages arising out of any third party claims.

MICE and biological materials are to be used in a safe manner and in accordance with all applicable governmental rules and regulations.

The foregoing represents the General Terms and Conditions applicable to The Jackson Laboratory’s MICE, products and services. In addition, special terms and conditions of sale of certain MICE, products and services may be set forth separately in The Jackson Laboratory web pages, catalogs, price lists, contracts, and/or other documents, and these special terms and conditions shall also govern the sale of these MICE, products and services by The Jackson Laboratory, and by its licensees and distributors.

Acceptance of delivery of MICE, products or services shall be deemed agreement to these terms and conditions. No purchase order or other document transmitted by purchaser or recipient that may modify the terms and conditions hereof, shall be in any way binding on The Jackson Laboratory, and instead the terms and conditions set forth herein, including any special terms and conditions set forth separately, shall govern the sale of MICE, products services by The Jackson Laboratory.