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Former Names B6.129S7-Trp63tm1Brd/J (Changed: 19-DEC-07 ) Type Congenic; Mutant Strain; Targeted Mutation; Additional information on Genetically Engineered and Mutant Mice. Visit our online Nomenclature tutorial. Additional information on Congenic nomenclature. Mating System +/+ sibling x Heterozygote (Female x Male) 01-MAR-06 Species laboratory mouse Background Strain C57BL/6 Donor Strain 129S7 via AB2.2 ES cell line Generation [N11p]N2F9 (19-MAY-11)
Generation DefinitionsDonating Investigator IMR Colony, The Jackson Laboratory Description
Mills 1999 Nature 398:708 describes the homozygous phenotype on a mixed B6-Tyrc-Brd;129S7(129S5) background. Further, they not distinguish between the two targeted alleles (pTV6H(90)-generated p63Brdm1 [Trp63tm1Brd] or pTV12E(60)-generated p63Brdm2 [Trp63tm2Brd]) as both "produced an identical phenotype." Homozygous mice are born alive, but die several hours after birth. No transcripts have been detected in homozygotes. They have striking developmental defects, exhibiting truncated forelimbs, absent hindlimbs, and transparent skin with a complete lack of hair follicles. Both the gross and histological appearance of internal organs is normal. Functional permeability of the skin is dramatically increased; homozygous mice lose thirty times more water than normal littermates. It is presumed that death occurs from dehydration. Heterozygous mice are viable, fertile, and do not exhibit any overt developmental defects. Newborn heterozygotes have 50% decreased oral epithelial thickness, mildly thinner epidermis, and do not express keratin-6.Keyes et al 2005 Genes Dev 19:1986 describes the phenotype of heterozygous mice used in aging studies. They exclusively used p63Brdm2 (Trp63tm2Brd) mice on a mixed B6-Tyrc-Brd;129S7(129S5) background.Heterozygous mice show accelerated aging and decreased life span with severe lesions of the skin, tongue, rectum, cervix and cornea. Infection of the skin, subcutaneous tissues, oropharynx, and genitourinary tract are also significant. Older mice can also develop chronic nephritis which closely resembles age-related human kidney disease.
In an attempt to offer alleles on well-characterized or multiple genetic backgrounds, alleles are frequently moved to a genetic background different from that on which an allele was first characterized. This is the case for the strain above. It should be noted that the phenotype could vary from that originally described. We will modify the strain description if necessary as published results become available.
Development
The pTV12E(60) targeting vector, containing a keratin 14 promoter-driven Agouti minigene, a non-functional 3' portion of an hprt cassette, a single loxP site, a puromycin resistance gene, and a 129S5-derived DNA fragment containing Trp63 exons 5, 6 and 10, was used for gap repair gene targeting of the endogenous gene. This construct was inserted into the exon 10 region by electroporation into 129S7/SvEvBrd-derived AB2.2 embryonic stem (ES) cells. Correctly targeted ES cells were injected into C57BL/6J-Tyrc-Brd blastocysts. The resulting chimeric males were bred to C57BL/6J-Tyrc-Brd females. Mutant mice were on a mixed B6;129 genetic background were sent to The Jackson Laboratory. Upon arrival, mutant mice were bred to C57BL/6J for more than 10 generations to generate this congenic strain.
| Control | ||
|---|---|---|
| Wild-type from the colony | ||
| 000664 C57BL/6J | ||
| Considerations for Choosing Controls | ||
View Related Disease (OMIM) Terms
Related Disease (OMIM) Terms provided by MGI
Ectrodactyly, Ectodermal Dysplasia, and Cleft Lip/Palate Syndrome 3; EEC3 - Models with phenotypic similarity to human disease where etiologies involve orthologs.1
1 Human genes are associated with this disease. Orthologs of those genes appear in the mouse genotype(s). View Mammalian Phenotype Terms
Mammalian Phenotype Terms provided by MGI
assigned by genotype
Trp63tm2Brd/Trp63+
B6.129S7-Trp63tm2Brd/J
- taste/olfaction phenotype
- abnormal olfactory epithelium morphology
- at P0, fewer horizontal basal cells are present (MGI Ref ID J:173538)
- respiratory system phenotype
- abnormal olfactory epithelium morphology
- at P0, fewer horizontal basal cells are present (MGI Ref ID J:173538)
- craniofacial phenotype
- abnormal olfactory epithelium morphology
- at P0, fewer horizontal basal cells are present (MGI Ref ID J:173538)
Trp63tm2Brd/Trp63tm2Brd
B6.129S7-Trp63tm2Brd/J
- taste/olfaction phenotype
- abnormal olfactory system morphology
- at P0 the extension of the ducts of the olfactory glands into the lamina propria is stunted (MGI Ref ID J:173538)
- abnormal olfactory epithelium morphology
- at P0, failure of horizontal basal cells differentiation (MGI Ref ID J:173538)
- at P0, axon bundles are not covered over by the arching processes of basal cells (MGI Ref ID J:173538)
- cells with olfactory gland morphology are clustered in the olfactory epithelium superficial to the basal lamina (MGI Ref ID J:173538)
- respiratory system phenotype
- abnormal olfactory epithelium morphology
- at P0, failure of horizontal basal cells differentiation (MGI Ref ID J:173538)
- at P0, axon bundles are not covered over by the arching processes of basal cells (MGI Ref ID J:173538)
- cells with olfactory gland morphology are clustered in the olfactory epithelium superficial to the basal lamina (MGI Ref ID J:173538)
- craniofacial phenotype
- abnormal olfactory epithelium morphology
- at P0, failure of horizontal basal cells differentiation (MGI Ref ID J:173538)
- at P0, axon bundles are not covered over by the arching processes of basal cells (MGI Ref ID J:173538)
- cells with olfactory gland morphology are clustered in the olfactory epithelium superficial to the basal lamina (MGI Ref ID J:173538)
The following phenotype information may relate to a genetic background differing from this JAX® Mice strain.
Trp63tm2Brd/Trp63+
involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd
- mortality/aging
- premature aging
- mice are euthanized due to age-related health issues (skin lesions or infections, weakness, palpable lymph nodes, enlarged abdomen, hemorrhage, rectal prolapse and aberrant circling behavior) earlier than wild-type mice (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- premature death
- immune system phenotype
- cervix inflammation
- mice exhibit vaginal cervicitis (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- enlarged lymph nodes
- 19% of of euthanized mice exhibit palpable lymph nodes (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- increased susceptibility to infection
- mice develop chronic infections if the skin, subcutaneous tissues, oropharynx and genitourinary tract (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- kidney inflammation
- mice exhibit chronic nephritis (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- digestive/alimentary phenotype
- abnormal rectum morphology
- mice exhibit lesions in the epithelium of the rectum (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- rectal prolapse
- 6% of euthanized mice exhibit rectal prolapse (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- abnormal tongue epithelium morphology
- cardiovascular system phenotype
- hemorrhage
- 12% of euthanized mice exhibit visible signs of hemorrhage (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- reproductive system phenotype
- abnormal cervix epithelium morphology
- mice exhibit lesions in the epithelium of the cervix (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- cervix inflammation
- mice exhibit vaginal cervicitis (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- renal/urinary system phenotype
- kidney inflammation
- mice exhibit chronic nephritis (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- growth/size phenotype
- distended abdomen
- 14% of euthanized mice exhibit enlarged abdomen (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- behavior/neurological phenotype
- circling
- 2% of euthanized mice exhibit aberrant circling (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- weakness
- 35% of euthanized mice exhibit extreme weakness (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- vision/eye phenotype
- abnormal corneal epithelium morphology
- craniofacial phenotype
- abnormal tongue epithelium morphology
- integument phenotype
- acanthosis
- mice exhibit acanthosis of the tongue epithelia (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- alopecia
- mice exhibit moderate alopecia (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- skin lesions
- 52% of euthanized mice exhibit skin lesions or infections mice exhibit hyperplastic epithelila and progressive skin lesions (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- spontaneous skin ulceration
- mice exhibit ulcerations with severe abscesses in the dermis that often contain bacterial inclusions (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
Trp63tm2Brd/Trp63tm2Brd
involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd * C57BL/6J
- mortality/aging
- complete neonatal lethality
- death occurs within several hours of birth (MGI Ref ID J:54636)
- embryogenesis phenotype
- absent apical ectodermal ridge
- at E11.5 (MGI Ref ID J:54636)
- small limb buds
- small and misshapen at E11.5 (MGI Ref ID J:54636)
- limbs/digits/tail phenotype
- abnormal forelimb morphology
- truncated (MGI Ref ID J:54636)
- abnormal limb bone morphology (MGI Ref ID J:54636)
- absent apical ectodermal ridge
- at E11.5 (MGI Ref ID J:54636)
- absent hindlimb (MGI Ref ID J:54636)
- small limb buds
- small and misshapen at E11.5 (MGI Ref ID J:54636)
- skeleton phenotype
- abnormal limb bone morphology (MGI Ref ID J:54636)
- abnormal pelvic girdle bone morphology
- pelvic girdle usually present but lacking ossification centers (MGI Ref ID J:54636)
- craniofacial phenotype
- abnormal facial morphology
- "abnormal facies" (MGI Ref ID J:54636)
- absent teeth (MGI Ref ID J:54636)
- homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
- impaired skin barrier function
- water loss occurs 30X more rapidly than in controls, a skin permeability problem (MGI Ref ID J:54636)
- integument phenotype
- abnormal epidermal layer morphology
- abnormal hair follicle development
- skin at birth totally lacks hair follicles (MGI Ref ID J:54636)
- abnormal skin condition (MGI Ref ID J:54636)
- abnormal skin physiology
- epidermal development apparently stops around E9.5 (MGI Ref ID J:54636)
- impaired skin barrier function
- water loss occurs 30X more rapidly than in controls, a skin permeability problem (MGI Ref ID J:54636)
- shiny skin (MGI Ref ID J:54636)
- translucent skin (MGI Ref ID J:54636)
Trp63tm2Brd/Trp63tm2Brd
involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd
- limbs/digits/tail phenotype
- abnormal limb morphology
- at E17.5 (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- abnormal apical ectodermal ridge morphology
- unstratified (MGI Ref ID J:135784)
- cellular phenotype
- decreased cell proliferation (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- early cellular replicative senescence
- mice exhibit an increase in cellular senescence (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- craniofacial phenotype
- abnormal craniofacial morphology
- at E17.5 (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- muscle phenotype
- *normal* muscle phenotype
- proximal thigh and cloacal/perineal muscles are fully formed (MGI Ref ID J:98439)
- embryogenesis phenotype
- abnormal apical ectodermal ridge morphology
- unstratified (MGI Ref ID J:135784)
- integument phenotype
- abnormal skin morphology
- at E17.5 (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
- abnormal epidermal layer morphology
- mice exhibit stratified epidermal layer and arrested epidermal morphogenesis (MGI Ref ID J:100483)
View Research Applications
Research Applications
This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:
Dermatology Research
Skin and Hair Texture Defects
Developmental Biology Research
Growth Defects
Limb Patterning Defects
Perinatal Lethality
Homozygous
Skin and Hair Texture Defects
Endocrine Deficiency Research
Skin Defects
Internal/Organ Research
Kidney Defects
| Allele Symbol | Trp63tm2Brd | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Allele Name | targeted mutation 2, Allan Bradley | ||
| Allele Type | Targeted (knock-out) | ||
| Common Name(s) | p63Brdm2; p63KO; | ||
| Mutation Made By | Alea Mills, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory | ||
| Strain of Origin | 129S7/SvEvBrd-Hprt | ||
| ES Cell Line Name | AB2.2 | ||
| ES Cell Line Strain | 129S7/SvEvBrd-Hprt | ||
| Gene Symbol and Name | Trp63, transformation related protein 63 | ||
| Chromosome | 16 | ||
| Gene Common Name(s) | AI462811; AIS; B(p51A); B(p51B); EEC3; KET; KET protein; LMS; NBP; OFC8; P73l; RHS; SHFM4; TAp63; TP53CP; TP53L; TP73L; Trp53rp1; deltaNp63; expressed sequence AI462811; p40; p51; p51/p63; p53-related protein 1; p53CP; p63; p73H; | ||
| Molecular Note | An integration vector disrupts the reading frame within exon 10. Northern blot analysis on homozygous mutant animals indicates that an mRNA transcript is not produced from this allele. [MGI Ref ID J:54636] | ||
Genotyping Protocols
Trp63tm1Brdtm2Brd, Separated PCR
Helpful Links
Genotyping resources and troubleshooting
Mills AA; Zheng B; Wang XJ; Vogel H; Roop DR; Bradley A. 1999. p63 is a p53 homologue required for limb and epidermal morphogenesis. Nature 398(6729):708-13. [PubMed: 10227293] [MGI Ref ID J:54636]
Trp63tm2Brd relatedCheng W; Jacobs WB; Zhang JJ; Moro A; Park JH; Kushida M; Qiu W; Mills AA; Kim PC. 2006. DeltaNp63 plays an anti-apoptotic role in ventral bladder development. Development 133(23):4783-92. [PubMed: 17079275] [MGI Ref ID J:119657]
Fessing MY; Mardaryev AN; Gdula MR; Sharov AA; Sharova TY; Rapisarda V; Gordon KB; Smorodchenko AD; Poterlowicz K; Ferone G; Kohwi Y; Missero C; Kohwi-Shigematsu T; Botchkarev VA. 2011. p63 regulates Satb1 to control tissue-specific chromatin remodeling during development of the epidermis. J Cell Biol 194(6):825-39. [PubMed: 21930775] [MGI Ref ID J:177729]
Guo X; Keyes WM; Papazoglu C; Zuber J; Li W; Lowe SW; Vogel H; Mills AA. 2009. TAp63 induces senescence and suppresses tumorigenesis in vivo. Nat Cell Biol 11(12):1451-7. [PubMed: 19898465] [MGI Ref ID J:158291]
Jacobs WB; Govoni G; Ho D; Atwal JK; Barnabe-Heider F; Keyes WM; Mills AA; Miller FD; Kaplan DR. 2005. p63 is an essential proapoptotic protein during neural development. Neuron 48(5):743-56. [PubMed: 16337913] [MGI Ref ID J:105512]
Karni-Schmidt O; Castillo-Martin M; Shen TH; Gladoun N; Domingo-Domenech J; Sanchez-Carbayo M; Li Y; Lowe S; Prives C; Cordon-Cardo C. 2011. Distinct Expression Profiles of p63 Variants during Urothelial Development and Bladder Cancer Progression. Am J Pathol 178(3):1350-60. [PubMed: 21356385] [MGI Ref ID J:169680]
Keyes WM; Vogel H; Koster MI; Guo X; Qi Y; Petherbridge KM; Roop DR; Bradley A; Mills AA. 2006. p63 heterozygous mutant mice are not prone to spontaneous or chemically induced tumors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103(22):8435-40. [PubMed: 16714381] [MGI Ref ID J:110204]
Keyes WM; Wu Y; Vogel H; Guo X; Lowe SW; Mills AA. 2005. p63 deficiency activates a program of cellular senescence and leads to accelerated aging. Genes Dev 19(17):1986-99. [PubMed: 16107615] [MGI Ref ID J:100483]
Koster MI; Dai D; Roop DR. 2007. Conflicting roles for p63 in skin development and carcinogenesis. Cell Cycle 6(3):269-73. [PubMed: 17224652] [MGI Ref ID J:121626]
Koster MI; Kim S; Huang J; Williams T; Roop DR. 2006. TAp63alpha induces AP-2gamma as an early event in epidermal morphogenesis. Dev Biol 289(1):253-61. [PubMed: 16324689] [MGI Ref ID J:104213]
Kurita T; Cunha GR; Robboy SJ; Mills AA; Medina RT. 2005. Differential expression of p63 isoforms in female reproductive organs. Mech Dev 122(9):1043-55. [PubMed: 15922574] [MGI Ref ID J:100707]
Kurita T; Medina RT; Mills AA; Cunha GR. 2004. Role of p63 and basal cells in the prostate. Development 131(20):4955-64. [PubMed: 15371309] [MGI Ref ID J:93615]
Kurita T; Mills AA; Cunha GR. 2004. Roles of p63 in the diethylstilbestrol-induced cervicovaginal adenosis. Development 131(7):1639-49. [PubMed: 14998922] [MGI Ref ID J:91853]
Laurikkala J; Mikkola ML; James M; Tummers M; Mills AA; Thesleff I. 2006. p63 regulates multiple signalling pathways required for ectodermal organogenesis and differentiation. Development 133(8):1553-63. [PubMed: 16524929] [MGI Ref ID J:107400]
Li Q; Sambandam SA; Lu HJ; Thomson A; Kim SH; Lu H; Xin Y; Lu Q. 2011. 14-3-3sigma and p63 play opposing roles in epidermal tumorigenesis. Carcinogenesis 32(12):1782-8. [PubMed: 21926108] [MGI Ref ID J:178010]
Livera G; Petre-Lazar B; Guerquin MJ; Trautmann E; Coffigny H; Habert R. 2008. p63 null mutation protects mouse oocytes from radio-induced apoptosis. Reproduction 135(1):3-12. [PubMed: 18159078] [MGI Ref ID J:133456]
Lo Iacono N; Mantero S; Chiarelli A; Garcia E; Mills AA; Morasso MI; Costanzo A; Levi G; Guerrini L; Merlo GR. 2008. Regulation of Dlx5 and Dlx6 gene expression by p63 is involved in EEC and SHFM congenital limb defects. Development 135(7):1377-88. [PubMed: 18326838] [MGI Ref ID J:135784]
Mikkola ML; Costanzo A; Thesleff I; Roop DR; Koster MI. 2010. Treasure or artifact: a decade of p63 research speaks for itself. Cell Death Differ 17(1):180-3; author reply 184-6. [PubMed: 19876067] [MGI Ref ID J:169431]
Moretti F; Marinari B; Lo Iacono N; Botti E; Giunta A; Spallone G; Garaffo G; Vernersson-Lindahl E; Merlo G; Mills AA; Ballaro C; Alema S; Chimenti S; Guerrini L; Costanzo A. 2010. A regulatory feedback loop involving p63 and IRF6 links the pathogenesis of 2 genetically different human ectodermal dysplasias. J Clin Invest 120(5):1570-7. [PubMed: 20424325] [MGI Ref ID J:161645]
Moretto MM; Lawlor EM; Khan IA. 2010. Lack of Interleukin-12 in p40-Deficient Mice Leads to Poor CD8+ T-Cell Immunity against Encephalitozoon cuniculi Infection. Infect Immun 78(6):2505-11. [PubMed: 20308292] [MGI Ref ID J:159863]
Murashima A; Miyagawa S; Ogino Y; Nishida-Fukuda H; Araki K; Matsumoto T; Kaneko T; Yoshinaga K; Yamamura K; Kurita T; Kato S; Moon AM; Yamada G. 2011. Essential roles of androgen signaling in Wolffian duct stabilization and epididymal cell differentiation. Endocrinology 152(4):1640-51. [PubMed: 21303954] [MGI Ref ID J:173864]
Murray-Zmijewski F; Lane DP; Bourdon JC. 2006. p53/p63/p73 isoforms: an orchestra of isoforms to harmonise cell differentiation and response to stress. Cell Death Differ 13(6):962-72. [PubMed: 16601753] [MGI Ref ID J:126410]
Packard A; Schnittke N; Romano RA; Sinha S; Schwob JE. 2011. {Delta}Np63 regulates stem cell dynamics in the Mammalian olfactory epithelium. J Neurosci 31(24):8748-59. [PubMed: 21677159] [MGI Ref ID J:173538]
Perez-Losada J; Wu D; DelRosario R; Balmain A; Mao JH. 2005. p63 and p73 do not contribute to p53-mediated lymphoma suppressor activity in vivo. Oncogene 24(35):5521-4. [PubMed: 16007185] [MGI Ref ID J:100784]
Radoja N; Guerrini L; Lo Iacono N; Merlo GR; Costanzo A; Weinberg WC; La Mantia G; Calabro V; Morasso MI. 2007. Homeobox gene Dlx3 is regulated by p63 during ectoderm development: relevance in the pathogenesis of ectodermal dysplasias. Development 134(1):13-8. [PubMed: 17164413] [MGI Ref ID J:117075]
Talos F; Wolff S; Beyer U; Dobbelstein M; Moll UM. 2010. Brdm2 - an aberrant hypomorphic p63 allele. Cell Death Differ 17(1):184-186. [PubMed: 20161489] [MGI Ref ID J:169428]
Valasek P; Evans DJ; Maina F; Grim M; Patel K. 2005. A dual fate of the hindlimb muscle mass: cloacal/perineal musculature develops from leg muscle cells. Development 132(3):447-58. [PubMed: 15653949] [MGI Ref ID J:98439]
Wolff S; Talos F; Palacios G; Beyer U; Dobbelstein M; Moll UM. 2009. The alpha/beta carboxy-terminal domains of p63 are required for skin and limb development. New insights from the Brdm2 mouse which is not a complete p63 knockout but expresses p63 gamma-like proteins. Cell Death Differ 16(8):1108-17. [PubMed: 19300453] [MGI Ref ID J:164185]
Animal Health Reports
Room Number AX12
Colony Maintenance
Mating System +/+ sibling x Heterozygote (Female x Male) 01-MAR-06 Diet Information LabDiet® 5K52/5K67
| Pricing for USA, Canada and Mexico shipping destinations |
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Price (US dollars $) Gender Genotypes Provided Individual Mouse $261.00 Female or Male Heterozygous for Trp63tm1Brd
Pairs /Price (US dollars $) Pair Genotype $321.00 Heterozygous for Trp63tm1Brd x Wild-type for Trp63tm1Brd $321.00 Wild-type for Trp63tm1Brd x Heterozygous for Trp63tm1Brd Standard Supply
Repository-Live. The Repository Strains represent an exclusive set of over 1500 unique mouse models maintained at The Jackson Laboratory to support a vast array of research areas. The breeding colonies for Repository Strains provide mice for both large and small orders and fluctuate in size depending on current demand for each strain. We treat orders for these strains as custom orders. Within 2 business days, we respond to each availability inquiry or order with various delivery options. Repository Strains typically are delivered at 4 to 8 weeks of age and will not exceed 12 weeks of age on the day of shipping.
| Pricing for International shipping destinations |
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Price (US dollars $) Gender Genotypes Provided Individual Mouse $339.30 Female or Male Heterozygous for Trp63tm1Brd
Pairs /Price (US dollars $) Pair Genotype $417.30 Heterozygous for Trp63tm1Brd x Wild-type for Trp63tm1Brd $417.30 Wild-type for Trp63tm1Brd x Heterozygous for Trp63tm1Brd Standard Supply
Repository-Live. The Repository Strains represent an exclusive set of over 1500 unique mouse models maintained at The Jackson Laboratory to support a vast array of research areas. The breeding colonies for Repository Strains provide mice for both large and small orders and fluctuate in size depending on current demand for each strain. We treat orders for these strains as custom orders. Within 2 business days, we respond to each availability inquiry or order with various delivery options. Repository Strains typically are delivered at 4 to 8 weeks of age and will not exceed 12 weeks of age on the day of shipping.
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Repository-Live. The Repository Strains represent an exclusive set of over 1500 unique mouse models maintained at The Jackson Laboratory to support a vast array of research areas. The breeding colonies for Repository Strains provide mice for both large and small orders and fluctuate in size depending on current demand for each strain. We treat orders for these strains as custom orders. Within 2 business days, we respond to each availability inquiry or order with various delivery options. Repository Strains typically are delivered at 4 to 8 weeks of age and will not exceed 12 weeks of age on the day of shipping.
| Control | ||
|---|---|---|
| Wild-type from the colony | ||
| 000664 C57BL/6J | ||
| Considerations for Choosing Controls | ||
| Control Pricing Information for Genetically Engineered Mutant Strains. | ||
For Licensing and Use Restrictions view the link(s) below:
- Use of MICE by companies or for-profit entities requires a license prior to shipping.
| phone: | 207-288-6470 |
| fax: | 207-288-6655 |
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