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- Description
- Disease & phenotype
- Genes & alleles
- Genotyping
- Health & care
- References
- Pricing & purchasing
- Terms of use
Description
The genotypes of the animals provided may not reflect those discussed in the strain description or the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation. Please inquire for possible genotypes for this specific strain.
Strain Information
Former Names NOD.129X1-Gad2tm1Bae/J (Changed: 15-DEC-04 ) NOD/LtJ-Gad2tm1Bae/J (Changed: 15-DEC-04 ) Type Mutant Strain; Targeted Mutation; Additional information on Genetically Engineered and Mutant Mice. Visit our online Nomenclature tutorial. Species laboratory mouse Generation N9+2pN1
Generation DefinitionsDonating Investigator Steinunn Baekkeskov, UCSF Description
Gad2-null mice are viable and fertile. Gross appearance is similar to wildtype littermates; brain weight is unaffected, as is cytoarchitecture. Starting as early as 12 weeks of age, homozygous-null mice develop stress-generated seizures induced by cage lid removal and other routine handling. This epileptic syndrome results in increased mortality.
Other phenotypic observations
* defect in the plastcicity of the visual cortex during development
* increased anxiety-like responses in open field and elevated zero maze assays
* diminished response to anxiolytics (anti-anxiety agents)
* Defect in the ability to sustain maximum gamma-aminobutyric acid release during stimulation
Genetic background influences this strain's phenotype. Homozygous-null mice on a mixed NOD,129 background exhibit a higher incidence of apparently less severe seizures than mice on a B6,129 background (also see Stock No. 003654).Development
Exon 1 is disrupted in this strain. A targeting vector containing the neomycin resistance gene under the control of the phosphoglycerol kinase promoter was introduced into the BamHI site in exon 1 just downstream of the transcription and translation start sites. The construct was electroporated into 129X1/SvJ-derived JM1 embryonic stem cells and selected cells were injected into C57BL/6 blastocysts. No protein product was detected in brain extracts of homozygous-null mice using Western blots.
Control Information
| Control | ||
|---|---|---|
| 001976 NOD/ShiLtJ | ||
| Considerations for Choosing Controls | ||
Related Strains
Strains carrying Gad2tm1Bae allele
003654 B6.129X1-Gad2tm1Bae/J View Strains carrying Gad2tm1Bae (1 strain)
010702 STOCK Gad2tm1(cre/ERT2)Zjh/J 010802 STOCK Gad2tm2(cre)Zjh/J
Phenotype
Phenotype Information
- No similarity to the expected human disease phenotype was found. One or more human genes are associated with this human disease. The mouse genotype may involve mutations to orthologs of one or more of these genes, but the phenotype did not resemble the disease.
Stiff-Person Syndrome; SPS
assigned by genotype
The following phenotype information may relate to a genetic background differing from this JAX® Mice strain.
Gad2tm1Bae/Gad2tm1Bae
involves: 129X1/SvJ * NOD
- mortality/aging
- premature death (MGI Ref ID J:44638)
- behavior/neurological phenotype
- seizures
- nervous system phenotype
- seizures
- homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
- abnormal amino acid level
- decrease in brain GABA levels unlike the normal levels on the C57BL/6 background, however glucose homeostasis is normal (MGI Ref ID J:44638)
- reproductive system phenotype
- *normal* reproductive system phenotype
- normal fertility and development (MGI Ref ID J:44638)
This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:Gad2tm1Bae related
Neurobiology Research
Epilepsy
Neurotransmitter Receptor and Synaptic Vesicle Defects
Genes & Alleles
Gene & Allele Information provided by MGI
| Allele Symbol | Gad2tm1Bae | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Allele Name | targeted mutation 1, Steinunn Baekkeskov | ||
| Allele Type | Targeted (knock-out) | ||
| Common Name(s) | GAD 65 (-); GAD65 -; | ||
| Mutation Made By | Steinunn Baekkeskov, UCSF | ||
| Strain of Origin | 129X1/SvJ | ||
| ES Cell Line Name | JM-1 | ||
| ES Cell Line Strain | 129X1/SvJ | ||
| Gene Symbol and Name | Gad2, glutamic acid decarboxylase 2 | ||
| Chromosome | 2 | ||
| Gene Common Name(s) | 6330404F12Rik; GAD(65); GAD65; Gad-2; RIKEN cDNA 6330404F12 gene; | ||
| General Note | Phenotypic Similarity to Human Syndrome: Epilepsy (J:44638). | ||
| Molecular Note | A neomycin resistance cassette was inserted into exon 1, downstream of the translation initiation start site. Western blot analysis on brain extracts from homozygous mice confirmed that no detectable protein is expressed from this allele. [MGI Ref ID J:44638] | ||
Genotyping
Genotyping Information
Genotyping Protocols
Gad2tm1Bae, Standard PCR
Helpful Links
Genotyping resources and troubleshooting
References
References provided by MGI
Additional References
Gad2tm1Bae relatedBlednov YA; Walker DL; Iyer SV; Homanics G; Harris AR. 2010. Mice lacking Gad2 show altered behavioral effects of ethanol, flurazepam and gabaxadol. Addict Biol 15(1):45-61. [PubMed: 20002022] [MGI Ref ID J:185861]
Chattopadhyaya B; Di Cristo G; Wu CZ; Knott G; Kuhlman S; Fu Y; Palmiter RD; Huang ZJ. 2007. GAD67-mediated GABA synthesis and signaling regulate inhibitory synaptic innervation in the visual cortex. Neuron 54(6):889-903. [PubMed: 17582330] [MGI Ref ID J:126581]
Choi SY; Morales B; Lee HK; Kirkwood A. 2002. Absence of long-term depression in the visual cortex of glutamic Acid decarboxylase-65 knock-out mice. J Neurosci 22(13):5271-6. [PubMed: 12097476] [MGI Ref ID J:109229]
Fagiolini M; Hensch TK. 2000. Inhibitory threshold for critical-period activation in primary visual cortex. Nature 404(6774):183-6. [PubMed: 10724170] [MGI Ref ID J:112387]
Hensch TK; Fagiolini M; Mataga N; Stryker MP; Baekkeskov S; Kash SF. 1998. Local GABA circuit control of experience-dependent plasticity in developing visual cortex. Science 282(5393):1504-8. [PubMed: 9822384] [MGI Ref ID J:124537]
Kanold PO; Kim YA; GrandPre T; Shatz CJ. 2009. Co-regulation of ocular dominance plasticity and NMDA receptor subunit expression in glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 knock-out mice. J Physiol 587(Pt 12):2857-67. [PubMed: 19406876] [MGI Ref ID J:176796]
Kash SF; Condie BG; Baekkeskov S. 1999. Glutamate decarboxylase and GABA in pancreatic islets: lessons from knock-out mice. Horm Metab Res 31(5):340-4. [PubMed: 10422732] [MGI Ref ID J:56151]
Kash SF; Johnson RS; Tecott LH; Noebels JL; Mayfield RD; Hanahan D; Baekkeskov S. 1997. Epilepsy in mice deficient in the 65-kDa isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94(25):14060-5. [PubMed: 9391152] [MGI Ref ID J:44638]
Kash SF; Tecott LH; Hodge C; Baekkeskov S. 1999. Increased anxiety and altered responses to anxiolytics in mice deficient in the 65-kDa isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96(4):1698-703. [PubMed: 9990087] [MGI Ref ID J:53060]
Wu Q; Boyle MP; Palmiter RD. 2009. Loss of GABAergic signaling by AgRP neurons to the parabrachial nucleus leads to starvation. Cell 137(7):1225-34. [PubMed: 19563755] [MGI Ref ID J:157338]
Health & husbandry
The genotypes of the animals provided may not reflect those discussed in the strain description or the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation. Please inquire for possible genotypes for this specific strain.
Health & Colony Maintenance Information
Animal Health Reports
Production of mice from cryopreserved embryos or sperm occurs in a maximum barrier room, G200.Colony Maintenance
Breeding & Husbandry This strain originated on a B6,129 background. It is maintained as a heterozygote on a NOD/LtJ background.
Pricing and Purchasing
Pricing, Supply Level & Notes, Controls
| Pricing for USA, Canada and Mexico shipping destinations |
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Cryopreserved
Cryopreserved Mice - Ready for Recovery
Animals Provided
Price (US dollars $) Cryorecovery* $3000.00 At least two mice that carry the mutation (if it is a mutant strain) will be provided. Their genotypes may not reflect those discussed in the strain description. Please inquire for possible genotypes and see additional details below.
Standard Supply
Cryopreserved. Ready for recovery. Please refer to pricing and supply notes on the strain data sheet for further information.
Supply Notes
- Cryorecovery - Standard.
Progeny testing is not required.
The average number of mice provided from recovery of our cryopreserved strains is 10. The total number of animals provided, their gender and genotype will vary. We will fulfill your order by providing at least two pair of mice, at least one animal of each pair carrying the mutation of interest. Please inquire if larger numbers of animals with specific genotype and genders are needed. Animals typically ship between 11 and 14 weeks from the date of your order. If a second cryorecovery is needed in order to provide the minimum number of animals, animals will ship within 25 weeks. IMPORTANT NOTE: The genotypes of animals provided may not reflect the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation, or that discussed in the strain description. Please inquire about possible genotypes which will be recovered for this specific strain. The Jackson Laboratory cannot guarantee the reproductive success of mice shipped to your facility. If the mice are lost after the first three days (post-arrival) or do not produce progeny at your facility, a new order and fee will be necessary.Cryorecovery to establish a Dedicated Supply for greater quantities of mice.
Mice recovered can be used to establish a dedicated colony to contractually supply you mice according to your requirements. Price by quotation. For more information on Dedicated Supply, please contact JAX® Services, Tel: 1-800-422-6423 (from U.S.A., Canada or Puerto Rico only) or 1-207-288-5845 (from any location).
| Pricing for International shipping destinations |
|
Cryopreserved
Cryopreserved Mice - Ready for Recovery
Animals Provided
Price (US dollars $) Cryorecovery* $3900.00 At least two mice that carry the mutation (if it is a mutant strain) will be provided. Their genotypes may not reflect those discussed in the strain description. Please inquire for possible genotypes and see additional details below.
Standard Supply
Cryopreserved. Ready for recovery. Please refer to pricing and supply notes on the strain data sheet for further information.
Supply Notes
- Cryorecovery - Standard.
Progeny testing is not required.
The average number of mice provided from recovery of our cryopreserved strains is 10. The total number of animals provided, their gender and genotype will vary. We will fulfill your order by providing at least two pair of mice, at least one animal of each pair carrying the mutation of interest. Please inquire if larger numbers of animals with specific genotype and genders are needed. Animals typically ship between 11 and 14 weeks from the date of your order. If a second cryorecovery is needed in order to provide the minimum number of animals, animals will ship within 25 weeks. IMPORTANT NOTE: The genotypes of animals provided may not reflect the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation, or that discussed in the strain description. Please inquire about possible genotypes which will be recovered for this specific strain. The Jackson Laboratory cannot guarantee the reproductive success of mice shipped to your facility. If the mice are lost after the first three days (post-arrival) or do not produce progeny at your facility, a new order and fee will be necessary.Cryorecovery to establish a Dedicated Supply for greater quantities of mice.
Mice recovered can be used to establish a dedicated colony to contractually supply you mice according to your requirements. Price by quotation. For more information on Dedicated Supply, please contact JAX® Services, Tel: 1-800-422-6423 (from U.S.A., Canada or Puerto Rico only) or 1-207-288-5845 (from any location).
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Standard Supply
Cryopreserved. Ready for recovery. Please refer to pricing and supply notes on the strain data sheet for further information.
General Supply Notes
- Genomic DNA is available for this strain from the Mouse DNA Resource.
Control Information
| Control | ||
|---|---|---|
| 001976 NOD/ShiLtJ | ||
| Considerations for Choosing Controls | ||
| Control Pricing Information for Genetically Engineered Mutant Strains. | ||
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The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.Ordering Information
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JAX® Mice, Products & Services Conditions of Use
"MICE" means mouse strains, their progeny derived by inbreeding or crossbreeding, unmodified derivatives from mouse strains or their progeny supplied by The Jackson Laboratory ("JACKSON"). "PRODUCTS" means biological materials supplied by JACKSON, and their derivatives. "RECIPIENT" means each recipient of MICE, PRODUCTS, or services provided by JACKSON including each institution, its employees and other researchers under its control. MICE or PRODUCTS shall not be: (i) used for any purpose other than the internal research, (ii) sold or otherwise provided to any third party for any use, or (iii) provided to any agent or other third party to provide breeding or other services. Acceptance of MICE or PRODUCTS from JACKSON shall be deemed as agreement by RECIPIENT to these conditions, and departure from these conditions requires JACKSON's prior written authorization.No Warranty
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