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Description
The genotypes of the animals provided may not reflect those discussed in the strain description or the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation. Please inquire for possible genotypes for this specific strain.
Strain Information
Former Names STOCK Mttptm2Sgy Ldlrtm1Her Apobtm2Sgy TgN(Mx1-cre)1Cgn (Changed: 15-DEC-04 ) STOCK-Mttptm1SgyLdlrtm1SgyApobtm1SgyTgN(Mx-Cre)1Cgn (Changed: 15-DEC-04 ) STOCK-Mttptm2Sgy Ldlrtm1Her Apobtm2Sgy TgN(Mx1-Cre)1Cgn (Changed: 15-DEC-04 ) STOCK-Mttptm2Sgy Ldlrtm1Her Apobtm2Sgy TgN(Mx1-cre)1Cgn (Changed: 15-DEC-04 ) Type Mutant Stock; Targeted Mutation; Transgenic; Additional information on Genetically Engineered and Mutant Mice. Visit our online Nomenclature tutorial. Species laboratory mouse Generation F?+4p (30-MAY-04)
Generation DefinitionsDonating Investigator Stephen Young, Gladstone Institutes UCSF Description
These mice are homozygous for four different induced mutations. The cumulative result of these mutations is a mouse model in which hypercholesterolemia can be reversed. By themselves, the combined presence of the Ldlrtm1Sgy and Apobtm1Sgy targeted alleles results in mice with a high susceptibility to atherosclerosis and total plasma cholesterol levels of approximately 300 mg/dl. A functional microsomal triglyceride transfer protein gene (Mttp) is essential for establishing a hypercholesterolemic condition. By flanking the Mttp gene with loxP sites and including a Mx1-Cre transgene, it is possible to reduce total plasma cholesterol levels from 300 mg/dl to 30 mg/dl upon induction of the Cre recombinase by administering interferon alpha, interferon beta, or synthetic double-stranded RNA. This unique model is useful in research related to the mechanisms and events of atherosclerotic reversal. Mice homozygous for the targeted alleles are viable, fertile, normal in size and do not display any gross physical or behavioral abnormalities.Development
The donating investigator combined existing induced alleles to create this model. See Stock No's 003902, 002077, 002877 and 003556.
Related Strains
Strains carrying Apobtm2Sgy allele
002879 B6;129-Apobtm2Sgy Apoetm1Unc/J 003000 B6;129S-Ldlrtm1Her Apobtm2Sgy/J 002877 B6;129S7-Apobtm2Sgy/J View Strains carrying Apobtm2Sgy (3 strains)
007070 AK.129S7(B6)-Ldlrtm1Her/J 006952 B6.129-Akt2tm1.1Mbb Ldlrtm1Her/J 002246 B6.129-Apoetm1Unc Ldlrtm1Her/J 006883 B6.129S7-Ldlrtm1Her Sod2tm1Leb/J 002207 B6.129S7-Ldlrtm1Her/J 006580 B6.Cg-Ins2Akita Ldlrtm1Her/J 006877 B6.Cg-Ldlrtm1Her Tg(H2-K-AKR1B1)1Tj/J 006906 B6.Cg-Lepob Ldlrtm1Her/J 002245 B6;129-Apoetm1Unc Ldlrtm1Her/J 003000 B6;129S-Ldlrtm1Her Apobtm2Sgy/J 002465 B6;129S-Lrpap1tm1Her Ldlrtm1Her/J 002077 B6;129S7-Ldlrtm1Her/J 012845 CBy.129S7(B6)-Ldlrtm1Her/J 007068 D2.129S7(B6)-Ldlrtm1Her/J
003902 B6;129S-Mttptm2Sgy/J
006230 B6.Cg-Cebpatm1Dgt Tg(Mx1-cre)1Cgn/J 003556 B6.Cg-Tg(Mx1-cre)1Cgn/J 005673 C.Cg-Tg(Mx1-cre)1Cgn/J 002527 STOCK Tg(Mx1-cre)1Cgn/J
002053 B6.129P2-Apobtm1Unc/J 007682 B6.129X1-Apobtm1.1Zc/J 002878 B6;129-Apobtm1Sgy Apoetm1Unc/J 002879 B6;129-Apobtm2Sgy Apoetm1Unc/J 002876 B6;129S-Apobtm1Sgy/J 003000 B6;129S-Ldlrtm1Her Apobtm2Sgy/J 002877 B6;129S7-Apobtm2Sgy/J 007683 CByJ.129X1(Cg)-Apobtm1.1Zc/J 007679 SWR.129X1(B6)-Apobtm1.1Zc/J
007070 AK.129S7(B6)-Ldlrtm1Her/J 006952 B6.129-Akt2tm1.1Mbb Ldlrtm1Her/J 002246 B6.129-Apoetm1Unc Ldlrtm1Her/J 006883 B6.129S7-Ldlrtm1Her Sod2tm1Leb/J 002207 B6.129S7-Ldlrtm1Her/J 006580 B6.Cg-Ins2Akita Ldlrtm1Her/J 006877 B6.Cg-Ldlrtm1Her Tg(H2-K-AKR1B1)1Tj/J 006906 B6.Cg-Lepob Ldlrtm1Her/J 002245 B6;129-Apoetm1Unc Ldlrtm1Her/J 003000 B6;129S-Ldlrtm1Her Apobtm2Sgy/J 002465 B6;129S-Lrpap1tm1Her Ldlrtm1Her/J 002077 B6;129S7-Ldlrtm1Her/J 005061 C57BL/6J-LdlrHlb301/J 012845 CBy.129S7(B6)-Ldlrtm1Her/J 007068 D2.129S7(B6)-Ldlrtm1Her/J 010814 D2.B6-LdlrHlb301/J
003902 B6;129S-Mttptm2Sgy/J
006230 B6.Cg-Cebpatm1Dgt Tg(Mx1-cre)1Cgn/J 003556 B6.Cg-Tg(Mx1-cre)1Cgn/J 005673 C.Cg-Tg(Mx1-cre)1Cgn/J 002527 STOCK Tg(Mx1-cre)1Cgn/J
006230 B6.Cg-Cebpatm1Dgt Tg(Mx1-cre)1Cgn/J 003556 B6.Cg-Tg(Mx1-cre)1Cgn/J 005673 C.Cg-Tg(Mx1-cre)1Cgn/J 002527 STOCK Tg(Mx1-cre)1Cgn/J
Additional Web Information
Introduction to Cre-lox technology
Phenotype
Phenotype Information
This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:
cre relatedResearch Tools
Cre-lox System
Cre Recombinase Expression
Cre Recombinase Expression: Inducible
Genetics Research
Mutagenesis and Transgenesis
Mutagenesis and Transgenesis: Cre-lox System
Apobtm2Sgy relatedResearch Tools
Cre-lox System
Genetics Research
Mutagenesis and Transgenesis
Mutagenesis and Transgenesis: Cre-lox System
Ldlrtm1Her relatedCardiovascular Research
Atherosclerosis
Hypocholesterolemia
Hypotriglyceridemia
Developmental Biology Research
Neural Tube Defects
Mouse/Human Gene Homologs
hypobetalipoproteinemia, familial
Neurobiology Research
Neural Tube Defects
Mttptm2Sgy relatedCardiovascular Research
Atherosclerosis
Hypercholesterolemia
Metabolism Research
Lipid Metabolism
Mouse/Human Gene Homologs
hypercholesterolemia, familial
Metabolism Research
Lipid Metabolism
Genes & Alleles
Gene & Allele Information provided by MGI
| Allele Symbol | Apobtm2Sgy | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Allele Name | targeted mutation 2, Stephen G Young | ||
| Allele Type | Targeted (knock-out) | ||
| Common Name(s) | ApoB100; apo-B100; | ||
| Mutation Made By | Stephen Young, Gladstone Institutes UCSF | ||
| Strain of Origin | 129S7/SvEvBrd-Hprt<+> | ||
| ES Cell Line Name | AB1 | ||
| ES Cell Line Strain | 129S7/SvEvBrd-Hprt<+> | ||
| Gene Symbol and Name | Apob, apolipoprotein B | ||
| Chromosome | 12 | ||
| Gene Common Name(s) | AI315052; Ac1-060; Apo B-100; ApoB-100; ApoB-48; FLDB; LDLCQ4; expressed sequence AI315052; | ||
| General Note | Levels of LDL-cholesterol, VLDL, and triglyceride LDL are higher relative to wild-type mice in APOB100 only mice in the presence of wild-type APOE production. In the presence of genetic APOE deficiency, APOB100 only mice have lowered cholesterol levels (J:33830). | ||
| Molecular Note | A "hit and run"-type vector was used to create a CTA to TTA mutation in codon 2153 in sequences corresponding to the apo-B48 editing codon. Western blot analysis on plasma derived from heterozygous and homozygous mice demostrated that the expression of the ApoB100 isoform is unaffected by this mutation, while no ApoB48 isoform is produced from this allele. [MGI Ref ID J:33830] | ||
| Allele Symbol | Ldlrtm1Her | ||
| Allele Name | targeted mutation 1, Joachim Herz | ||
| Allele Type | Targeted (knock-out) | ||
| Common Name(s) | LDLR KO; LDLR-; LDLr-KO; LDLr0; LDLrKO; Ldlrtm1Her; | ||
| Mutation Made By | Joachim Herz, Univ of Texas Southwest Med Ctr Dallas | ||
| Strain of Origin | 129S7/SvEvBrd-Hprt<+> | ||
| ES Cell Line Name | AB1 | ||
| ES Cell Line Strain | 129S7/SvEvBrd-Hprt<+> | ||
| Gene Symbol and Name | Ldlr, low density lipoprotein receptor | ||
| Chromosome | 9 | ||
| Gene Common Name(s) | FH; FHC; LDLCQ2; LDLRA; | ||
| General Note |
When used in bone marrow transplant into Ldlrtm1Her homozygous mice, Abca1tm1Jdm Abcg1tm1Dgen homozygous cells accelerate the development of atherosclerosis. (J:130777) Phenotypic Similarity to Human Syndrome: Type 1 Diabetic Macrovascular Disease (J:174983) | ||
| Molecular Note | Insertion of a neomycin resistance cassette into exon 4. The authors predict that the targeted allele would encode a truncated non-functional protein that will not bind LDL, and that lacks a membrane spanning segment. Immunoblot analysis of liver membranes detected a truncated protein in homozygous mutant animals. [MGI Ref ID J:37394] | ||
| Allele Symbol | Mttptm2Sgy | ||
| Allele Name | targeted mutation 2, Steven G Young | ||
| Allele Type | Targeted (Floxed/Frt) | ||
| Common Name(s) | Mttpfl; | ||
| Mutation Made By | Stephen Young, Gladstone Institutes UCSF | ||
| Strain of Origin | 129S4/SvJae | ||
| ES Cell Line Name | J1 | ||
| ES Cell Line Strain | 129S4/SvJae | ||
| Site of Expression | cre mutation deletes floxed Mttp gene, reversing hypercholesterolemia phenotype | ||
| Gene Symbol and Name | Mttp, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein | ||
| Chromosome | 3 | ||
| Gene Common Name(s) | 1810043K16Rik; ABL; MTP; RIKEN cDNA 1810043K16 gene; | ||
| Molecular Note | A neomycin resistance cassette flanked by loxP sites was inserted into intron 1. An additional loxP site was inserted 2.5 kb upstream of the promoter and exon 1. [MGI Ref ID J:54612] | ||
| Allele Symbol | Tg(Mx1-cre)1Cgn | ||
| Allele Name | transgene insertion 1, University of Cologne | ||
| Allele Type | Transgenic (Cre/Flp) | ||
| Common Name(s) | Mx-Cre; Mx-Cre 31; Mx1-Cre; Mx1cre; MxCre; MxCreTg; | ||
| Mutation Made By | Ralf Kuhn, University of Cologne | ||
| Strain of Origin | (C57BL/6 x CBA)F2 | ||
| Site of Expression | widespread pattern of expression; promoter induced to high levels of transcription by administration of interferon alpha, interferon beta, or synthetic double-stranded RNA; provides capability to induce the "knockout" at any time during development | ||
| Expressed Gene | cre, cre recombinase, bacteriophage P1 | ||
| Cre recombinase is an enzyme derived from the bacteriophage P1 that specifically recognizes loxP sites. Cre has been shown to effectively mediate the excision of DNA located between loxP sites. After the excision event, the DNA ends recombine leaving a single loxP site in place of the intervening sequence. | |||
| Promoter | Mx1, myxovirus (influenza virus) resistance 1, mouse, laboratory | ||
| Driver Note | Mx1 | ||
| Inducible Note | Induced by interferon (-alpha or -beta) or polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (pI:pC). | ||
| Molecular Note | This transgene expresses Cre recombinase under the control of an inducible Mx1 promoter, which is silent in healthy mice, and active in the liver and in lymphocytes after induction with IFN or pI-pC. The construct also contains a 2.1 kb fragment from thehuman growth hormone gene. [MGI Ref ID J:67927] | ||
| Gene Symbol and Name | Tg(Mx1-cre)1Cgn, transgene insertion 1, University of Cologne | ||
| Chromosome | 10 | ||
| Gene Common Name(s) | Mx-Cre; Mx-Cre 31; Mx1-Cre; Mx1cre; MxCre; | ||
Genotyping
Genotyping Information
Genotyping Protocols
Apobtm2Sgy, Restriction Enzyme Digest
Ldlr tm1Her, Fast MCA
Ldlr tm1Her, Robotic FMCA
Ldlr tm1Her, Standard PCR
Helpful Links
Genotyping resources and troubleshooting
References
References provided by MGI
Selected Reference(s)
Veniant MM; Withycombe S; Young SG. 2001. Lipoprotein size and atherosclerosis susceptibility in Apoe(-/-) and Ldlr(-/-) mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 21(10):1567-70. [PubMed: 11597927] [MGI Ref ID J:109864]
Additional References
Lieu HD; Withycombe SK; Walker Q; Rong JX; Walzem RL; Wong JS; Hamilton RL; Fisher EA; Young SG. 2003. Eliminating atherogenesis in mice by switching off hepatic lipoprotein secretion. Circulation 107(9):1315-21. [PubMed: 12628954] [MGI Ref ID J:91722]
Apobtm2Sgy relatedLdlrtm1Her relatedAlger HM; Brown JM; Sawyer JK; Kelley KL; Shah R; Wilson MD; Willingham MC; Rudel LL. 2010. Inhibition of acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) prevents dietary cholesterol-associated steatosis by enhancing hepatic triglyceride mobilization. J Biol Chem 285(19):14267-74. [PubMed: 20231283] [MGI Ref ID J:162960]
Anant S; Murmu N; Houchen CW; Mukhopadhyay D; Riehl TE; Young SG; Morrison AR; Stenson WF; Davidson NO. 2004. Apobec-1 protects intestine from radiation injury through posttranscriptional regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression. Gastroenterology 127(4):1139-49. [PubMed: 15480992] [MGI Ref ID J:93425]
Bell TA 3rd; Kelley K; Wilson MD; Sawyer JK; Rudel LL. 2007. Dietary fat-induced alterations in atherosclerosis are abolished by ACAT2-deficiency in ApoB100 only, LDLr-/- mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 27(6):1396-402. [PubMed: 17431188] [MGI Ref ID J:134910]
Bretillon L; Acar N; Seeliger MW; Santos M; Maire MA; Juaneda P; Martine L; Gregoire S; Joffre C; Bron AM; Creuzot-Garcher C. 2008. ApoB100,LDLR-/- mice exhibit reduced electroretinographic response and cholesteryl esters deposits in the retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 49(4):1307-14. [PubMed: 18385042] [MGI Ref ID J:136142]
Brown JM; Chung S; Sawyer JK; Degirolamo C; Alger HM; Nguyen T; Zhu X; Duong MN; Wibley AL; Shah R; Davis MA; Kelley K; Wilson MD; Kent C; Parks JS; Rudel LL. 2008. Inhibition of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 dissociates insulin resistance and obesity from atherosclerosis. Circulation 118(14):1467-75. [PubMed: 18794388] [MGI Ref ID J:158044]
Brown JM; Chung S; Sawyer JK; Degirolamo C; Alger HM; Nguyen TM; Zhu X; Duong MN; Brown AL; Lord C; Shah R; Davis MA; Kelley K; Wilson MD; Madenspacher J; Fessler MB; Parks JS; Rudel LL. 2010. Combined therapy of dietary fish oil and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 inhibition prevents the metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 30(1):24-30. [PubMed: 19834103] [MGI Ref ID J:171803]
Conde-Knape K; Okada K; Ramakrishnan R; Shachter NS. 2004. Overexpression of apoC-III produces lesser hypertriglyceridemia in apoB-48-only gene-targeted mice than in apoB-100-only mice. J Lipid Res 45(12):2235-44. [PubMed: 15342689] [MGI Ref ID J:94159]
Degrace P; Moindrot B; Mohamed I; Gresti J; Du ZY; Chardigny JM; Sebedio JL; Clouet P. 2006. Upregulation of liver VLDL receptor and FAT/CD36 expression in LDLR-/- apoB100/100 mice fed trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid. J Lipid Res 47(12):2647-55. [PubMed: 16957181] [MGI Ref ID J:117203]
Farese RVJr; Veniant MM; Cham CM; Flynn LM; Pierotti V; Loring JF; Traber M; Ruland S; Stokowski RS; Huszar D; Young SG. 1996. Phenotypic analysis of mice expressing exclusively apolipoprotein B48 or apolipoprotein B100. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93(13):6393-8. [PubMed: 8692825] [MGI Ref ID J:33830]
Heinonen SE; Leppanen P; Kholova I; Lumivuori H; Hakkinen SK; Bosch F; Laakso M; Yla-Herttuala S. 2007. Increased atherosclerotic lesion calcification in a novel mouse model combining insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and hypercholesterolemia. Circ Res 101(10):1058-67. [PubMed: 17872464] [MGI Ref ID J:141333]
Iqbal J; Rudel LL; Hussain MM. 2008. Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein enhances cellular cholesteryl esterification by relieving product inhibition. J Biol Chem 283(29):19967-80. [PubMed: 18502767] [MGI Ref ID J:138737]
Kim E; Ambroziak P; Veniant MM; Hamilton RL; Young SG. 1998. A gene-targeted mouse model for familial hypobetalipoproteinemia. Low levels of apolipoprotein B mRNA in association with a nonsense mutation in exon 26 of the apolipoprotein B gene. J Biol Chem 273(51):33977-84. [PubMed: 9852051] [MGI Ref ID J:51549]
Kim E; Cham CM; Veniant MM; Ambroziak P; Young SG. 1998. Dual mechanisms for the low plasma levels of truncated apolipoprotein B proteins in familial hypobetalipoproteinemia. Analysis of a new mouse model with a nonsense mutation in the Apob gene. J Clin Invest 101(6):1468-77. [PubMed: 9502790] [MGI Ref ID J:46549]
Kovacs A; Tornvall P; Nilsson R; Tegner J; Hamsten A; Bjorkegren J. 2007. Human C-reactive protein slows atherosclerosis development in a mouse model with human-like hypercholesterolemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104(34):13768-73. [PubMed: 17702862] [MGI Ref ID J:124095]
Lieu HD; Withycombe SK; Walker Q; Rong JX; Walzem RL; Wong JS; Hamilton RL; Fisher EA; Young SG. 2003. Eliminating atherogenesis in mice by switching off hepatic lipoprotein secretion. Circulation 107(9):1315-21. [PubMed: 12628954] [MGI Ref ID J:91722]
Lloyd DJ; Helmering J; Kaufman SA; Turk J; Silva M; Vasquez S; Weinstein D; Johnston B; Hale C; Veniant MM. 2011. A Volumetric Method for Quantifying Atherosclerosis in Mice by Using MicroCT: Comparison to En Face. PLoS One 6(4):e18800. [PubMed: 21533112] [MGI Ref ID J:172393]
Lloyd DJ; McCormick J; Helmering J; Kim KW; Wang M; Fordstrom P; Kaufman SA; Lindberg RA; Veniant MM. 2008. Generation and characterization of two novel mouse models exhibiting the phenotypes of the metabolic syndrome: Apob48-/-Lepob/ob mice devoid of ApoE or Ldlr. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 294(3):E496-505. [PubMed: 18160459] [MGI Ref ID J:133453]
Miller JD; Weiss RM; Serrano KM; Brooks RM 2nd; Berry CJ; Zimmerman K; Young SG; Heistad DD. 2009. Lowering plasma cholesterol levels halts progression of aortic valve disease in mice. Circulation 119(20):2693-701. [PubMed: 19433756] [MGI Ref ID J:166428]
Parathath S; Grauer L; Huang LS; Sanson M; Distel E; Goldberg IJ; Fisher EA. 2011. Diabetes adversely affects macrophages during atherosclerotic plaque regression in mice. Diabetes 60(6):1759-69. [PubMed: 21562077] [MGI Ref ID J:177946]
Skogsberg J; Dicker A; Ryden M; Astrom G; Nilsson R; Bhuiyan H; Vitols S; Mairal A; Langin D; Alberts P; Walum E; Tegner J; Hamsten A; Arner P; Bjorkegren J. 2008. ApoB100-LDL acts as a metabolic signal from liver to peripheral fat causing inhibition of lipolysis in adipocytes. PLoS ONE 3(11):e3771. [PubMed: 19020660] [MGI Ref ID J:143905]
Skogsberg J; Lundstrom J; Kovacs A; Nilsson R; Noori P; Maleki S; Kohler M; Hamsten A; Tegner J; Bjorkegren J. 2008. Transcriptional profiling uncovers a network of cholesterol-responsive atherosclerosis target genes. PLoS Genet 4(3):e1000036. [PubMed: 18369455] [MGI Ref ID J:136835]
Veniant MM; Pierotti V; Newland D; Cham CM; Sanan DA; Walzem RL ; Young SG. 1997. Susceptibility to atherosclerosis in mice expressing exclusively apolipoprotein B48 or apolipoprotein B100. J Clin Invest 100(1):180-8. [PubMed: 9202070] [MGI Ref ID J:41510]
Veniant MM; Sullivan MA; Kim SK; Ambroziak P; Chu A; Wilson MD; Hellerstein MK; Rudel LL; Walzem RL; Young SG. 2000. Defining the atherogenicity of large and small lipoproteins containing apolipoprotein B100 J Clin Invest 106(12):1501-10. [PubMed: 11120757] [MGI Ref ID J:66424]
Veniant MM; Zlot CH; Walzem RL; Pierotti V; Driscoll R; Dichek D ; Herz J ; Young SG. 1998. Lipoprotein clearance mechanisms in LDL receptor-deficient Apo-B48-only and Apo-B100-only mice. J Clin Invest 102(8):1559-68. [PubMed: 9788969] [MGI Ref ID J:51022]
Weinstein MM; Yin L; Tu Y; Wang X; Wu X; Castellani LW; Walzem RL; Lusis AJ; Fong LG; Beigneux AP; Young SG. 2010. Chylomicronemia elicits atherosclerosis in mice--brief report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 30(1):20-3. [PubMed: 19815815] [MGI Ref ID J:171805]
Xie Y; Blanc V; Kerr TA; Kennedy S; Luo J; Newberry EP; Davidson NO. 2009. Decreased Expression of Cholesterol 7{alpha}-Hydroxylase and Altered Bile Acid Metabolism in Apobec-1-/- Mice Lead to Increased Gallstone Susceptibility. J Biol Chem 284(25):16860-71. [PubMed: 19386592] [MGI Ref ID J:151211]
Mttptm2Sgy relatedAccad M; Smith SJ; Newland DL; Sanan DA; King LE Jr; Linton MF; Fazio S; Farese RV Jr. 2000. Massive xanthomatosis and altered composition of atherosclerotic lesions in hyperlipidemic mice lacking acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 1 [see comments] J Clin Invest 105(6):711-9. [PubMed: 10727439] [MGI Ref ID J:61147]
Adachi H; Kondo T; Koh GY; Nagy A; Oike Y; Araki E. 2011. Angptl4 deficiency decreases serum triglyceride levels in low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 409(2):177-80. [PubMed: 21549101] [MGI Ref ID J:172599]
Afek A; Keren G; Harats D; George J. 2001. Whole body hyperthermia accelerates atherogenesis in low-density lipoprotein receptor deficient mice. Exp Mol Pathol 71(1):63-72. [PubMed: 11502098] [MGI Ref ID J:106255]
Ahmad PJ; Trcka D; Xue S; Franco C; Speer MY; Giachelli CM; Bendeck MP. 2009. Discoidin domain receptor-1 deficiency attenuates atherosclerotic calcification and smooth muscle cell-mediated mineralization. Am J Pathol 175(6):2686-96. [PubMed: 19893047] [MGI Ref ID J:155320]
Ait-Oufella H; Kinugawa K; Zoll J; Simon T; Boddaert J; Heeneman S; Blanc-Brude O; Barateau V; Potteaux S; Merval R; Esposito B; Teissier E; Daemen MJ; Leseche G; Boulanger C; Tedgui A; Mallat Z. 2007. Lactadherin deficiency leads to apoptotic cell accumulation and accelerated atherosclerosis in mice. Circulation 115(16):2168-77. [PubMed: 17420351] [MGI Ref ID J:135906]
Ait-Oufella H; Pouresmail V; Simon T; Blanc-Brude O; Kinugawa K; Merval R; Offenstadt G; Leseche G; Cohen PL; Tedgui A; Mallat Z. 2008. Defective mer receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in bone marrow cells promotes apoptotic cell accumulation and accelerates atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 28(8):1429-31. [PubMed: 18467644] [MGI Ref ID J:159811]
Ait-Oufella H; Salomon BL; Potteaux S; Robertson AK; Gourdy P; Zoll J; Merval R; Esposito B; Cohen JL; Fisson S; Flavell RA; Hansson GK; Klatzmann D; Tedgui A; Mallat Z. 2006. Natural regulatory T cells control the development of atherosclerosis in mice. Nat Med 12(2):178-80. [PubMed: 16462800] [MGI Ref ID J:105800]
Albrecht C; Preusch MR; Hofmann G; Morris-Rosenfeld S; Blessing E; Rosenfeld ME; Katus HA; Bea F. 2010. Egr-1 deficiency in bone marrow-derived cells reduces atherosclerotic lesion formation in a hyperlipidaemic mouse model. Cardiovasc Res 86(2):321-9. [PubMed: 20110335] [MGI Ref ID J:175882]
Alger HM; Brown JM; Sawyer JK; Kelley KL; Shah R; Wilson MD; Willingham MC; Rudel LL. 2010. Inhibition of acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) prevents dietary cholesterol-associated steatosis by enhancing hepatic triglyceride mobilization. J Biol Chem 285(19):14267-74. [PubMed: 20231283] [MGI Ref ID J:162960]
Allred KF; Smart EJ; Wilson ME. 2006. Estrogen receptor-alpha mediates gender differences in atherosclerosis induced by HIV protease inhibitors. J Biol Chem 281(3):1419-25. [PubMed: 16299001] [MGI Ref ID J:107322]
Altenburg M; Arbones-Mainar J; Johnson L; Wilder J; Maeda N. 2008. Human LDL receptor enhances sequestration of ApoE4 and VLDL remnants on the surface of hepatocytes but not their internalization in mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 28(6):1104-10. [PubMed: 18369154] [MGI Ref ID J:149026]
Angeli V; Llodra J; Rong JX; Satoh K; Ishii S; Shimizu T; Fisher EA; Randolph GJ. 2004. Dyslipidemia associated with atherosclerotic disease systemically alters dendritic cell mobilization. Immunity 21(4):561-74. [PubMed: 15485633] [MGI Ref ID J:93917]
Anggraeni VY; Emoto N; Yagi K; Mayasari DS; Nakayama K; Izumikawa T; Kitagawa H; Hirata K. 2011. Correlation of C4ST-1 and ChGn-2 expression with chondroitin sulfate chain elongation in atherosclerosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 406(1):36-41. [PubMed: 21284936] [MGI Ref ID J:170936]
Arai S; Shelton JM; Chen M; Bradley MN; Castrillo A; Bookout AL; Mak PA; Edwards PA; Mangelsdorf DJ; Tontonoz P; Miyazaki T. 2005. A role for the apoptosis inhibitory factor AIM/Spalpha/Api6 in atherosclerosis development. Cell Metab 1(3):201-13. [PubMed: 16054063] [MGI Ref ID J:129845]
Aslanian AM; Chapman HA; Charo IF. 2005. Transient role for CD1d-restricted natural killer T cells in the formation of atherosclerotic lesions. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 25(3):628-32. [PubMed: 15591216] [MGI Ref ID J:110061]
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