Description

Strain Information

Former Names PWD/Ph    (Changed: 15-DEC-04 ) Type Inbred Strain; Additional information on Inbred Strains. Type Wild-Derived; Additional information on Wild-Derived Mice. Visit our online Nomenclature tutorial. Mating System Sibling x Sibling         (Female x Male)   01-MAR-06 Species M. m. musculus (Prague) H2 Haplotype ? Generation F81+F9p+F15 (14-JAN-13) Generation Definitions Geographic Origin Kunratice, near Prague, the Czech Republic

Appearance
agouti
Related Genotype: A/A

Description
PWD/PhJ is an inbred mouse strain of the subspecies Mus musculus musculus. M. m. musculus is estimated to have diverged approximately 1 million years ago from M. m. domesticus, the subspecies from which derives most of the genome of practically every laboratory mouse strain. However, the extent of polymorphism for randomly selected microsatellite markers between the two subspecies (70-80%) is nearly as great as between M. m. domesticus and Mus spretus (84%), which diverged about 3 million years ago (Montagutelli et al. 1991; Gergorova and Forejt 2000).

PWD/Ph mice exhibit differences are genetically distinct from common laboratory mice for a number of complex phenotypic characteristics, including body mass, distribution of adipose tissue, serum concentrations of intermediary metabolites, susceptibility to type I diabetes and various behavioral traits (Gregorova and Forejt 2000).

Male, but not female, F1 hybrid offspring of crosses between mice of most laboratory strains and PWD/PhJ are sterile. Known exceptions are male (C3H x PWD)F1 and (CBA x PWD)F1 mice. The locus responsible for this difference in fertility of male PWD hybrids, called hybrid sterility 1 (symbol Hst1), has been mapped to a 580 kb region of M. m. domesticus Chr 17, approximately 8.4 cM distal to the centromere, wherein reside 10 potential candidate genes that are expressed in the testes (Forejt et al. 1991; Trachtulec et al. 1997). It has been estimated that no more than 3-4 loci contribute to the sterility phenotype of laboratory strain x M. m. musculus hybrid males (Gregorova and Forejt 2000).

Typing of PWD/Ph for 37 biochemical markers revealed numerous allelic differences with standard laboratory mouse strains (von Deimling et al. 1988). Electrophoretic alleles of 25 enzymes examined were shared between PWD and laboratory strains; nine of these markers were previously analyzed in wild-caught M. m. musculus mice, whose prevalent allele of all except one marker, Mod1, was fixed in PWD. PWD exhibited alleles at three loci that were uncommon among laboratory mice, but were identified in wild-caught M. m. musculus. Six esterase genes were identified in PWD that had also been detected in Mus molossinus but whose products were absent from laboratory strains. Unique alleles were identified in PWD for three enzymes.

Genome-wide microsatellite typing for 248 loci of PWD/Ph, PWK/Ph (distributed as PWK/PhJ, Stock No. 0003715) and/or PWB/Ph - very similar inbred strains derived from M. m. musculus pairs caught in the central Czech Republic - versus mice of three inbred laboratory strains revealed upto 80% of the loci to be polymorphic between at least one PW strain and at least one inbred strain analyzed.

The high level of both phenotypic variation and DNA sequence polymorphism between PWD/PhJ and inbred laboratory strains and the fertility of hybrid offspring of both sexes from crosses between PWD/PhJ and some laboratory strain mice make this strain an excellent tool for mapping both single-gene (Mendelian) traits and quantitative trait loci (QTL) contributing to complex phenotypes. Polymorphism at the RNA level permits investigation of monoallelic expression, e.g., from parentally imprinted genes (Forejt and Gregorova 1992; Forejt et al. 1999) or in cancer cell lines (Forejt et al. 1999). Sterility of male hybrid offspring of crosses between PWD and most inbred laboratory strains provides a tool for analysis of the genetic bases for interspecies hybrid sterility.

Development
PWD/Ph is an inbred mouse strain descended from a single pair of mice of the subspecies Mus musculus musculus caught in 1972 in the "Kunratice" locality near Prague, in the central part of the Czech Repubic. The founder mice were selected on the basis of their producing sterile male offspring in matings with C57BL/10J mice. The strain was maintained from its inception by sister-brother inbreeding (Gregorova and Forejt 2000). In July 2003, PWD/Ph mice, then at generation F81, were donated to The Jackson Laboratory by Dr. Jiri Forejt, at the Institute for Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague. The colony at The Jackson Laboratory is descended from 8 female and 2 male mice from Dr. Forejt's colony.

Additional Web Information

JAX^® NOTES, Winter 2006; 504. JAX^® Mice: the Gold Standard Just Got Better.

Phenotype

Phenotype Information

View Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Data

Mouse Phenome Database
Festing Inbred Strain Characteristics: PWD

View Research Applications

Research Applications

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Reproductive Biology Research
Fertility Defects
      male progeny from outcrosses to inbred are sterile

Research Tools
Genetics Research
      Gene Mapping
      Gene Mapping: Polymorphisms

Genes & Alleles

Gene & Allele Information provided by MGI

Currently there are no related genes or alleles for this strain.

Genotyping

Genotyping Information

Helpful Links

Genotyping resources and troubleshooting

References

References provided by MGI

Selected Reference(s)

Chubb C; Nolan C. 1987. Mouse hybrid sterility and testicular function. Biol Reprod 36(5):1343-8. [PubMed: 3620567]  [MGI Ref ID J:109944]

Gregorova S; Forejt J. 2000. PWD/Ph and PWK/Ph inbred mouse strains of Mus m. musculus subspecies--a valuable resource of phenotypic variations and genomic polymorphisms. Folia Biol (Praha) 46(1):31-41. [PubMed: 10730880]  [MGI Ref ID J:62922]

von Deimling OH; Forejt J; Wienker TF. 1988. Allelic profile at 37 biochemical loci of two inbred strains of the house mouse derived from wild Mus musculus musculus. Lab Anim 22(1):61-6. [PubMed: 3352221]  [MGI Ref ID J:9097]

von Deimling OH; Groning J; Gaa A. 1991. Genetic and biochemical characterization of a new chymotrypsin isozyme of the house mouse, CTRA-1. Biochem Genet 29(11-12):545-57. [PubMed: 1820020]  [MGI Ref ID J:1547]

Additional References

Forejt J; Gregorova S. 1992. Genetic analysis of genomic imprinting: an Imprintor-1 gene controls inactivation of the paternal copy of the mouse Tme locus. Cell 70(3):443-50. [PubMed: 1322799]  [MGI Ref ID J:1689]

Forejt J; Vincek V; Klein J; Lehrach H; Loudova-Mickova M. 1991. Genetic mapping of the t-complex region on mouse chromosome 17 including the Hybrid sterility-1 gene. Mamm Genome 1(2):84-91. [PubMed: 1799792]  [MGI Ref ID J:558]

Montagutelli X; Serikawa T; Guenet JL. 1991. PCR-analyzed microsatellites: data concerning laboratory and wild-derived mouse inbred strains. Mamm Genome 1(4):255-9. [PubMed: 1794054]  [MGI Ref ID J:462]

Storchova R; Gregorova S; Buckiova D; Kyselova V; Divina P; Forejt J. 2004. Genetic analysis of X-linked hybrid sterility in the house mouse. Mamm Genome 15(7):515-24. [PubMed: 15366371]  [MGI Ref ID J:92309]

Trachtulec Z; Mnukova-Fajdelova M; Hamvas RMJ; Gregorova S; Mayer WE; Lehrach HR; Vincek V; Forejt J; Klein J. 1997. Isolation of candidate hybrid sterility 1 genes by cDNA selection in a 1.1 megabase pair region on mouse chromosome 17. Mamm Genome 8(5):312-6. [PubMed: 9107673]  [MGI Ref ID J:39622]

Health & husbandry

Health & Colony Maintenance Information

Animal Health Reports

Room Number           AX11

Colony Maintenance

Breeding & Husbandry	These mice are still very wild after 80 generations of inbreeding, and special care is needed to prevent their escape during handling. PWD/Ph mice breed well. Females produce their first litters at about 8 weeks of age and will give birth approximately every 4 weeks. The average litter size is 7. Females continue breeding until at least 8 months old; the average number of litters produced during their reproductive lifetimes has been reported to be 6-7.
Mating System	Sibling x Sibling         (Female x Male)   01-MAR-06
Diet Information	LabDiet® 5K52/5K67

Pricing and Purchasing

Pricing, Supply Level & Notes, Controls

General Supply Notes

• View the complete collection of spontaneous mutants in the Mouse Mutant Resource.
• Genomic DNA is available for this strain from the Mouse DNA Resource.

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Terms are granted by individual review and stated on the customer invoice(s) and account statement. These transactions are payable in U.S. currency within the granted terms. Payment for services, products, shipping containers, and shipping costs that are rendered are expected within the payment terms indicated on the invoice or stated by contract. Invoices and account balances in arrears of stated terms may result in The Jackson Laboratory pursuing collection activities including but not limited to outside agencies and court filings.

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The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise

The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX^® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX^® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX^® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.

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