Strain Name:

NOD.Cg-Rag1tm1Mom Prf1tm1Sdz/SzJ

Stock Number:

004848

Availability:

Repository- Live

Use Restrictions Apply, see Terms of Use

Description

Strain Information

Former Names NOD.Cg-Rag1tm1Mom Prf1tm1Sdz/Sz    (Changed: 15-DEC-04 )
Type Congenic; Mutant Strain; Targeted Mutation;
Additional information on Genetically Engineered Mutant Mice.
Mating SystemHomozygote x Homozygote         (Female x Male)
Specieslaboratory mouse
H2 Haplotypeg7
GenerationN10F9 (11-NOV-08)
 
Donating Investigator Leonard Shultz,   The Jackson Laboratory

Description
Mice that are homozygous for both targeted mutations are viable, fertile, normal in size and do not display any gross physical or behavioral abnormalities when housed under specific pathogen free conditions. These double homozygote mutant mice have no mature T or B lymphocytes, no detectable NK cell cytotoxic activity, and lack serum immunoglobulin. The number of nucleated spleen cells is significantly reduced in double mutant mice, when compared to the single homozygote, NOD.129S7(B6)-Rag1tm1Mom/J (Stock No. 003729). Although an increased number of DX5+CD122+ NK cells are found in the spleens of double mutants, these NK cells have impaired cytotoxic activity. The disruption of Prf1 ablates NK cell cytotoxic activity resulting in increased engraftment levels over that observed with Stock No. 003729. All mutant mice develop thymic lymphomas. This double mutant mouse strain may be useful in studies involving engraftment of human hematolymphoid cells.

Development
Please see strain entries Stock No. 002407 and Stock No. 003729 for details regarding the construction of each mutant allele. This strain was produced by crossing female NOD.129S7(B6)-Rag1tm1Mom/J (Stock No. 003729) to male C57BL/6-Prf1tm1Sdz (Stock No. 002407). Resulting female progeny heterozygous for both mutant alleles were crossed to male NOD.129S7(B6)-Rag1tm1Mom/J (Stock No. 003729). Mice homozygous for the Rag1 mutant allele and heterozygous for the Prf1 allele were crossed to NOD.129S7(B6)-Rag1tm1Mom/J (Stock No. 003729) mice for 10 generations, and then intercrossed to produce double homozygotes.

Control Information

  Control
   001976 NOD/ShiLtJ (approximate)
 
  Considerations for Choosing Controls

Related Strains

Strains carrying   Prf1tm1Sdz allele
002407   C57BL/6-Prf1tm1Sdz/J
003505   NOD.B6-Prf1tm1Sdz/J
View Strains carrying   Prf1tm1Sdz     (2 strains)

View Strains carrying   Rag1tm1Mom     (16 strains)

Strains carrying other alleles of Rag1
007790   B6;129P2-Rag1/Rag2tm1Mnz/J
002194   B6;CBA-Tg(CD3E)26Cpt/J
002506   STOCK Tg(CD3E)26Cpt-Rag1tm1Mom/J
View Strains carrying other alleles of Rag1     (3 strains)

Additional Web Information

Congenic Nomenclature
JAX® NOTES, Spring 2006; 501. Choosing an Immunodeficient Mouse Model.

Phenotype

Phenotype Information

View Mammalian Phenotype Terms

Mammalian Phenotype Terms
      assigned by genotype

Rag1tm1Mom/Rag1tm1Mom Prf1tm1Sdz/Prf1tm1Sdz

        NOD.Cg-Rag1tm1Mom Prf1tm1Sdz/Sz
  • life span-post-weaning/aging
  • premature death (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • mean lifespan is 262+/-21 days
  • immune system phenotype
  • abnormal level of surface class II molecules (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • four to five-fold decrease in cells expressing I-Ag7 as compared to NOD control
  • abnormal lymph node cortex (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • lymph nodes lack follicles
  • abnormal response to transplant (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • following IP injection of human PMBC, peripheral blood has a fivefold increase in the percentage of human lymphoid cells as compared to NOD-Ragnull controls
    • peripheral blood has a 13-fold increase in engraftment of human CD4+ T cells
    • spleens have a 9-fold increase in engraftment of human CD45+ cells and a 20-fold increase in human CD4+ cells as compared to control, although there is no significant difference in engraftment of human CD8+ cells
    • 6-8 weeks after IP injection, bone marrow exhibits a 12-fold increase in engraftment of human cord blood cells
  • abnormal spleen white pulp morphology (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • spleen lacks lymphoid follicles
  • abnormal thymus cortex morphology (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • thymus lacks a clearly defined cortex
  • decreased CD4-positive T cell number (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • spleens of 8-11 week old mice are deficient in CD3+ CD4+ T cells
  • decreased CD8-positive T cell number (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • spleens of 8-11 week old mice are deficient in CD3+ CD8+ T cells
  • decreased immunoglobulin level (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • no serum immunoglobulin is detected in 176-362 day old mice
  • decreased mature B cell number (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • spleens of 8-11 week old mice are deficient in Igkappa+ B220+ T cells
  • impaired NK cell cytolysis (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • poly I:C stimulated spleen cells exhibit extremely low levels of NK cell cyotoxic activity
  • increased NK cell number (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • numbers of NK cells are increased in comparison to NOD controls
  • increased granulocyte number (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • numbers of granulocytes are increased in comparison to NOD controls, however, in comparison to NOD-Ragnull numbers are decreased
  • increased immature B cell number (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • IgLkappa- B220+ immature B cells are increased six-fold as compared to NOD controls
  • increased macrophage cell number (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • numbers of macrophages are increased in comparison to NOD controls
  • spleen hypoplasia (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • nucleated spleen cells are reduced 14 fold in 8-11 week old mice as compared to NOD control
  • thymus hypoplasia (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • lymphoid cells are severely reduced in thymuses
  • tumorigenesis
  • thymic lymphoma (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
  • hematopoietic system phenotype
  • abnormal spleen white pulp morphology (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • spleen lacks lymphoid follicles
  • abnormal thymus cortex morphology (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • thymus lacks a clearly defined cortex
  • decreased CD4-positive T cell number (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • spleens of 8-11 week old mice are deficient in CD3+ CD4+ T cells
  • decreased CD8-positive T cell number (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • spleens of 8-11 week old mice are deficient in CD3+ CD8+ T cells
  • decreased mature B cell number (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • spleens of 8-11 week old mice are deficient in Igkappa+ B220+ T cells
  • increased NK cell number (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • numbers of NK cells are increased in comparison to NOD controls
  • increased granulocyte number (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • numbers of granulocytes are increased in comparison to NOD controls, however, in comparison to NOD-Ragnull numbers are decreased
  • increased immature B cell number (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • IgLkappa- B220+ immature B cells are increased six-fold as compared to NOD controls
  • increased macrophage cell number (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • numbers of macrophages are increased in comparison to NOD controls
  • spleen hypoplasia (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • nucleated spleen cells are reduced 14 fold in 8-11 week old mice as compared to NOD control
  • thymus hypoplasia (MGI Ref ID J:109843)
    • lymphoid cells are severely reduced in thymuses
View Research Applications

Research Applications
This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Cancer Research
Increased Tumor Incidence (Lymphomas: thymic)
Toxicology (B and T cell deficiency) (xenograft/transplant host)

Developmental Biology Research
Lymphoid Tissue Defects (hematopoietic defects)

Hematological Research
Immunological Defects (B and T cell deficiency)

Immunology and Inflammation Research
Autoimmunity (B and T cell deficiency)
Autoimmunity (B cell deficiency)
Immunodeficiency (B and T cell deficiency)
Immunodeficiency (B cell deficiency)
Immunodeficiency (B, T, and NK cell deficiency)
Immunodeficiency (NK Cell Deficiency)
Immunodeficiency (multiple immune defects)
Inflammation (B and T cell deficiency)
Lymphoid Tissue Defects (B and T cell deficiency)
Lymphoid Tissue Defects (hematopoietic development)

Internal/Organ Research
Lymphoid Tissue Defects (B and T cell deficiency)
Lymphoid Tissue Defects (T cell deficiency)
Thymus Defects (B and T cell deficient)

Research Tools
Cancer Research (B and T cell deficiency) (xenograft/transplant host)
Cancer Research (B cell deficiency)
Cancer Research (B, T, and NK cell deficiency) (xenograft/transplant host)
Cancer Research (T cell deficiency)
Cancer Research (genes regulating lymphoma development)
Cancer Research (production of B and T cells, antibodies, and hybridomas)
Cancer Research (xenograft/transplant host)
Immunology and Inflammation Research (B and T cell deficiency)
Immunology and Inflammation Research (B cell deficiency)
Immunology and Inflammation Research (B, T, and NK cell deficiency)
Immunology and Inflammation Research (NK Cell Deficiency)
Immunology and Inflammation Research (T cell deficiency)
Immunology and Inflammation Research (T cell deficiency) (xenograft/transplant host)
Immunology and Inflammation Research (production of B cells, antibodies T cell lines, and hybridomas)
Immunology and Inflammation Research (production of T cell lines and hybridomas)
Toxicology Research (B and T cell deficiency) (xenograft transplant host)
Toxicology Research (xenograft/transplant host)

Prf1tm1Sdz related

Apoptosis Research
Extracellular Modulators

Immunology and Inflammation Research
Immunodeficiency Associated with Other Defects

Rag1tm1Mom related

Cancer Research
Toxicology (B and T cell deficiency) (xenograft/transplant host)

Hematological Research
Immunological Defects (B and T cell deficiency)

Immunology and Inflammation Research
Immunodeficiency (B and T cell deficiency)
Inflammation (B and T cell deficiency)
T Cell Receptor Signaling Defects (B and T cell deficiency)

Internal/Organ Research
Lymphoid Tissue Defects (B and T cell deficiency)

Research Tools
Cancer Research (B and T cell deficiency) (xenograft/transplant host)
Toxicology Research (xenograft/transplant host)

Genes & Alleles

Gene & Allele Information

Allele Symbol Prf1tm1Sdz
Allele Name targeted mutation 1, Sandoz Pharmaceutical
Allele Type Targeted (knock-out)
Common Name(s) P0; Pfptm1Sdz; Prf1-; perf-; perforin 0; pfp-; pko;
Mutation Made By Birgit Lederman,   University of Zurich
Strain of OriginC57BL/6
ES Cell Line NameBL/6-III
ES Cell Line StrainC57BL/6
Gene Symbol and Name Prf1, perforin 1 (pore forming protein)
Chromosome 10
Gene Common Name(s) Cyta; FLH2; HPLH2; MGC108712; MGC65093; P1; PFN1; PFP; Pfn; Pfp; Prf-1; RATCYTA; perforin; perforin 1; pore forming protein;
Molecular Note A neomycin selection cassette was inserted into exon 3. RT-PCR analysis on RNA derived from homozygous mice demonstrated that an abnormal transcript was produced from this allele. However, immunocytochemistry experiments on activated spleen cells derived from homozygous mice confirmed that no detectable protein was made from this allele. [MGI Ref ID J:17986] [MGI Ref ID J:96542]
 
Allele Symbol Rag1tm1Mom
Allele Name targeted mutation 1, Peter Mombaerts
Allele Type Targeted (knock-out)
Common Name(s) RAG-1-; RAG1null; Rag-; Rag-1KO; Rag1-;
Mutation Made By Peter Mombaerts,   Max Planck Institute of Biophysics
Strain of Origin129S7/SvEvBrd-Hprt1<+>
ES Cell Line NameAB1
ES Cell Line Strain129S7/SvEvBrd-Hprt1<+>
Gene Symbol and Name Rag1, recombination activating gene 1
Chromosome 2
Gene Common Name(s) MGC43321; RNF74; Rag-1;
Molecular Note A 1356 bp genomic fragment of the Rag1 gene, encoding the nuclear localization signal and the zinc-finger motif, was replaced by a neomycin cassette. A mutant transcript expressed from this allele was detected by Northern blot in bone marrow derived cell lines from homozygous mice. [MGI Ref ID J:1934] [MGI Ref ID J:96036]

Genotyping

Genotyping Information

Genotyping Protocols

Prf1tm1Sdz, STD PCR, vers. 1
Rag1tm1Mom, HRM, vers. 2
Rag1tm1Mom, STD PCR, vers. 1

Helpful Links

Optimizing PCR Protocols

References

References

Selected Reference(s)

Shultz LD; Banuelos S; Lyons B; Samuels R; Burzenski L; Gott B; Lang P; Leif J; Appel M; Rossini A; Greiner DL. 2003. NOD/LtSz-Rag1nullPfpnull mice: a new model system with increased levels of human peripheral leukocyte and hematopoietic stem-cell engraftment. Transplantation 76(7):1036-42. [PubMed: 14557749]  [MGI Ref ID J:109843]

Additional References

Prf1tm1Sdz related

Abdool K; Cretney E; Brooks AD; Kelly JM; Swann J; Shanker A; Bere EW Jr; Yokoyama WM; Ortaldo JR; Smyth MJ; Sayers TJ. 2006. NK cells use NKG2D to recognize a mouse renal cancer (Renca), yet require intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression on the tumor cells for optimal perforin-dependent effector function. J Immunol 177(4):2575-83. [PubMed: 16888019]  [MGI Ref ID J:138353]

Alsharifi M; Lobigs M; Simon MM; Kersten A; Muller K; Koskinen A; Lee E; Mullbacher A. 2006. NK cell-mediated immunopathology during an acute viral infection of the CNS. Eur J Immunol 36(4):887-96. [PubMed: 16541469]  [MGI Ref ID J:114787]

Baker MB; Altman NH; Podack ER; Levy RB. 1996. The role of cell-mediated cytotoxicity in acute GVHD after MHC-matched allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in mice. J Exp Med 183(6):2645-56. [PubMed: 8676085]  [MGI Ref ID J:33612]

Balkow S; Kersten A; Tran TT; Stehle T; Grosse P; Museteanu C; Utermohlen O; Pircher H; von Weizsacker F; Wallich R; Mullbacher A; Simon MM. 2001. Concerted action of the FasL/Fas and perforin/granzyme A and B pathways is mandatory for the development of early viral hepatitis but not for recovery from viral infection. J Virol 75(18):8781-91. [PubMed: 11507223]  [MGI Ref ID J:71217]

Banuelos SJ; Shultz LD; Greiner DL; Burzenski LM; Gott B; Lyons BL; Rossini AA; Appel MC. 2004. Rejection of human islets and human HLA-A2.1 transgenic mouse islets by alloreactive human lymphocytes in immunodeficient NOD-scid and NOD-Rag1(null)Prf1(null) mice. Clin Immunol 112(3):273-83. [PubMed: 15308121]  [MGI Ref ID J:91764]

Beilke JN; Kuhl NR; Van Kaer L; Gill RG. 2005. NK cells promote islet allograft tolerance via a perforin-dependent mechanism. Nat Med 11(10):1059-65. [PubMed: 16155578]  [MGI Ref ID J:101693]

Bitsaktsis C; Winslow G. 2006. Fatal recall responses mediated by CD8 T cells during intracellular bacterial challenge infection. J Immunol 177(7):4644-51. [PubMed: 16982903]  [MGI Ref ID J:139316]

Blazar BR; Carreno BM; Panoskaltsis-Mortari A; Carter L; Iwai Y; Yagita H; Nishimura H; Taylor PA. 2003. Blockade of programmed death-1 engagement accelerates graft-versus-host disease lethality by an IFN-gamma-dependent mechanism. J Immunol 171(3):1272-7. [PubMed: 12874215]  [MGI Ref ID J:120213]

Blazar BR; Lees CJ; Martin PJ; Noelle RJ; Kwon B; Murphy W; Taylor PA. 2000. Host T cells resist graft-versus-host disease mediated by donor leukocyte infusions. J Immunol 165(9):4901-9. [PubMed: 11046015]  [MGI Ref ID J:118027]

Blohm U; Potthoff D; van der Kogel AJ; Pircher H. 2006. Solid tumors 'melt' from the inside after successful CD8 T cell attack. Eur J Immunol 36(2):468-77. [PubMed: 16385625]  [MGI Ref ID J:113858]

Bokhari SM; Kim KJ; Pinson DM; Slusser J; Yeh HW; Parmely MJ. 2008. NK cells and gamma interferon coordinate the formation and function of hepatic granulomas in mice infected with the Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain. Infect Immun 76(4):1379-89. [PubMed: 18227174]  [MGI Ref ID J:133531]

Bour-Jordan H; Thompson HL; Bluestone JA. 2005. Distinct effector mechanisms in the development of autoimmune neuropathy versus diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice. J Immunol 175(9):5649-55. [PubMed: 16237054]  [MGI Ref ID J:119359]

Chang E; Galle L; Maggs D; Estes DM; Mitchell WJ. 2000. Pathogenesis of herpes simplex virus type 1-induced corneal inflammation in perforin-deficient mice J Virol 74(24):11832-40. [PubMed: 11090183]  [MGI Ref ID J:65895]

Chen L; Woo M; Hakem R; Miller RG. 2003. Perforin-dependent activation-induced cell death acts through caspase 3 but not through caspases 8 or 9. Eur J Immunol 33(3):769-78. [PubMed: 12616497]  [MGI Ref ID J:82433]

Chen M; Wang YH; Wang Y; Huang L; Sandoval H; Liu YJ; Wang J. 2006. Dendritic cell apoptosis in the maintenance of immune tolerance. Science 311(5764):1160-4. [PubMed: 16497935]  [MGI Ref ID J:105747]

Chiarle R; Martinengo C; Mastini C; Ambrogio C; D'Escamard V; Forni G; Inghirami G. 2008. The anaplastic lymphoma kinase is an effective oncoantigen for lymphoma vaccination. Nat Med 14(6):676-80. [PubMed: 18469826]  [MGI Ref ID J:136968]

Choy JC; Kerjner A; Wong BW; McManus BM; Granville DJ. 2004. Perforin mediates endothelial cell death and resultant transplant vascular disease in cardiac allografts. Am J Pathol 165(1):127-33. [PubMed: 15215168]  [MGI Ref ID J:91236]

Christensen JE; Wodarz D; Christensen JP; Thomsen AR. 2004. Perforin and IFN-gamma do not significantly regulate the virus-specific CD8+ T cell response in the absence of antiviral effector activity. Eur J Immunol 34(5):1389-94. [PubMed: 15114672]  [MGI Ref ID J:89390]

Chrobak P; Gress RE. 2001. Veto activity of activated bone marrow does not require perforin and Fas ligand. Cell Immunol 208(2):80-7. [PubMed: 11333140]  [MGI Ref ID J:127838]

Ciurea A; Hunziker L; Martinic MM; Oxenius A; Hengartner H; Zinkernagel RM. 2001. CD4+ T-cell-epitope escape mutant virus selected in vivo. Nat Med 7(7):795-800. [PubMed: 11433343]  [MGI Ref ID J:134010]

Cretney E; Degli-Esposti MA; Densley EH; Farrell HE; Davis-Poynter NJ; Smyth MJ. 1999. m144, a murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV)-encoded major histocompatibility complex class I homologue, confers tumor resistance to natural killer cell-mediated rejection. J Exp Med 190(3):435-44. [PubMed: 10430631]  [MGI Ref ID J:56787]

Dudek NL; Thomas HE; Mariana L; Sutherland RM; Allison J; Estella E; Angstetra E; Trapani JA; Santamaria P; Lew AM; Kay TW. 2006. Cytotoxic T-cells from T-cell receptor transgenic NOD8.3 mice destroy beta-cells via the perforin and Fas pathways. Diabetes 55(9):2412-8. [PubMed: 16936188]  [MGI Ref ID J:116592]

Duthie MS; Kahn SJ. 2006. During acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection highly susceptible mice deficient in natural killer cells are protected by a single alpha-galactosylceramide treatment. Immunology 119(3):355-61. [PubMed: 16879622]  [MGI Ref ID J:118525]

Dyer CM; Zhan Y; Brady JL; Carbone FR; Smyth MJ; Lew AM. 2004. Unexpectedly, induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes enhances the humoral response after DNA immunization. Blood 103(8):3073-5. [PubMed: 15070687]  [MGI Ref ID J:115473]

Edinger M; Hoffmann P; Ermann J; Drago K; Fathman CG; Strober S; Negrin RS. 2003. CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells preserve graft-versus-tumor activity while inhibiting graft-versus-host disease after bone marrow transplantation. Nat Med 9(9):1144-50. [PubMed: 12925844]  [MGI Ref ID J:126172]

Ehl S; Hombach J; Aichele P; Rulicke T; Odermatt B; Hengartner H; Zinkernagel R; Pircher H. 1998. Viral and bacterial infections interfere with peripheral tolerance induction and activate CD8+ T cells to cause immunopathology. J Exp Med 187(5):763-74. [PubMed: 9480986]  [MGI Ref ID J:132027]

Epardaud M; Elpek KG; Rubinstein MP; Yonekura AR; Bellemare-Pelletier A; Bronson R; Hamerman JA; Goldrath AW; Turley SJ. 2008. Interleukin-15/interleukin-15R alpha complexes promote destruction of established tumors by reviving tumor-resident CD8+ T cells. Cancer Res 68(8):2972-83. [PubMed: 18413767]  [MGI Ref ID J:133960]

Fehniger TA; Cai SF; Cao X; Bredemeyer AJ; Presti RM; French AR; Ley TJ. 2007. Acquisition of murine NK cell cytotoxicity requires the translation of a pre-existing pool of granzyme B and perforin mRNAs. Immunity 26(6):798-811. [PubMed: 17540585]  [MGI Ref ID J:123588]

Feng HM; Walker DH. 2004. Mechanisms of immunity to Ehrlichia muris: a model of monocytotropic ehrlichiosis. Infect Immun 72(2):966-71. [PubMed: 14742542]  [MGI Ref ID J:87862]

Fujiwara D; Wei B; Presley LL; Brewer S; McPherson M; Lewinski MA; Borneman J; Braun J. 2008. Systemic Control of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells by CD8+ T Cells and Commensal Microbiota. J Immunol 180(9):5843-52. [PubMed: 18424703]  [MGI Ref ID J:134320]

Gondek DC; Lu LF; Quezada SA; Sakaguchi S; Noelle RJ. 2005. Cutting edge: contact-mediated suppression by CD4+CD25+ regulatory cells involves a granzyme B-dependent, perforin-independent mechanism. J Immunol 174(4):1783-6. [PubMed: 15699103]  [MGI Ref ID J:96542]

Grayson MH; Cheung D; Rohlfing MM; Kitchens R; Spiegel DE; Tucker J; Battaile JT; Alevy Y; Yan L; Agapov E; Kim EY; Holtzman MJ. 2007. Induction of high-affinity IgE receptor on lung dendritic cells during viral infection leads to mucous cell metaplasia. J Exp Med 204(11):2759-69. [PubMed: 17954569]  [MGI Ref ID J:126124]

Gupta M; Greer P; Mahanty S; Shieh WJ; Zaki SR; Ahmed R; Rollin PE. 2005. CD8-mediated protection against Ebola virus infection is perforin dependent. J Immunol 174(7):4198-202. [PubMed: 15778381]  [MGI Ref ID J:97965]

Hashimoto W; Osaki T; Okamura H; Robbins PD; Kurimoto M; Nagata S; Lotze MT; Tahara H. 1999. Differential antitumor effects of administration of recombinant IL-18 or recombinant IL-12 are mediated primarily by Fas-Fas ligand- and perforin-induced tumor apoptosis, respectively. J Immunol 163(2):583-9. [PubMed: 10395644]  [MGI Ref ID J:56128]

Hayakawa Y; Screpanti V; Yagita H; Grandien A; Ljunggren HG; Smyth MJ; Chambers BJ. 2004. NK cell TRAIL eliminates immature dendritic cells in vivo and limits dendritic cell vaccination efficacy. J Immunol 172(1):123-9. [PubMed: 14688317]  [MGI Ref ID J:87568]

He KM; Ma Y; Wang S; Min WP; Zhong R; Jevnikar A; Zhang ZX. 2007. Donor double-negative Treg promote allogeneic mixed chimerism and tolerance. Eur J Immunol 37(12):3455-66. [PubMed: 18000953]  [MGI Ref ID J:128537]

Hegde S; Niederkorn JY. 2000. The role of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in corneal allograft rejection. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 41(11):3341-7. [PubMed: 11006223]  [MGI Ref ID J:115389]

Hollenbaugh JA; Reome J; Dobrzanski M; Dutton RW. 2004. The rate of the CD8-dependent initial reduction in tumor volume is not limited by contact-dependent perforin, Fas ligand, or TNF-mediated cytolysis. J Immunol 173(3):1738-43. [PubMed: 15265903]  [MGI Ref ID J:92134]

Howe CL; Adelson JD; Rodriguez M. 2007. Absence of perforin expression confers axonal protection despite demyelination. Neurobiol Dis 25(2):354-9. [PubMed: 17112732]  [MGI Ref ID J:119009]

Hunter CA; Yu D; Gee M; Ngo CV; Sevignani C; Goldschmidt M; Golovkina TV; Evans S; Lee WF; Thomas-Tikhonenko A. 2001. Cutting edge: systemic inhibition of angiogenesis underlies resistance to tumors during acute toxoplasmosis. J Immunol 166(10):5878-81. [PubMed: 11342601]  [MGI Ref ID J:124573]

Ismail N; Crossley EC; Stevenson HL; Walker DH. 2007. Relative importance of T-cell subsets in monocytotropic ehrlichiosis: a novel effector mechanism involved in ehrlichia-induced immunopathology in murine ehrlichiosis. Infect Immun 75(9):4608-20. [PubMed: 17562770]  [MGI Ref ID J:123934]

Ito K; Karasawa M; Kawano T; Akasaka T; Koseki H; Akutsu Y; Kondo E; Sekiya S; Sekikawa K; Harada M; Yamashita M; Nakayama T; Taniguchi M. 2000. Involvement of decidual Valpha14 NKT cells in abortion. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97(2):740-4. [PubMed: 10639149]  [MGI Ref ID J:59892]

Johansson MH; Taylor MA; Jagodic M; Tus K; Schatzle JD; Wakeland EK; Bennett M. 2006. Mapping of quantitative trait loci determining NK cell-mediated resistance to MHC class I-deficient bone marrow grafts in perforin-deficient mice. J Immunol 177(11):7923-9. [PubMed: 17114464]  [MGI Ref ID J:116666]

Jordan MB; Hildeman D; Kappler J; Marrack P. 2004. An animal model of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH): CD8+ T cells and interferon gamma are essential for the disorder. Blood 104(3):735-43. [PubMed: 15069016]  [MGI Ref ID J:92260]

Kafrouni MI; Brown GR; Thiele DL. 2003. The role of TNF-TNFR2 interactions in generation of CTL responses and clearance of hepatic adenovirus infection. J Leukoc Biol 74(4):564-71. [PubMed: 12960267]  [MGI Ref ID J:85969]

Kagi D; Ho A; Odermatt B; Zakarian A; Ohashi PS; Mak TW. 1999. TNF receptor 1-dependent beta cell toxicity as an effector pathway in autoimmune diabetes. J Immunol 162(8):4598-605. [PubMed: 10201999]  [MGI Ref ID J:120458]

Kagi D; Ledermann B; Burki K; Seiler P; Odermatt B; Olsen KJ; Podack ER; Zinkernagel RM; Hengartner H. 1994. Cytotoxicity mediated by T cells and natural killer cells is greatly impaired in perforin-deficient mice [see comments] Nature 369(6475):31-7. [PubMed: 8164737]  [MGI Ref ID J:17986]

Kagi D; Odermatt B; Seiler P; Zinkernagel RM; Mak TW; Hengartner H. 1997. Reduced incidence and delayed onset of diabetes in perforin-deficient nonobese diabetic mice. J Exp Med 186(7):989-97. [PubMed: 9314549]  [MGI Ref ID J:43468]

Kagi D; Vignaux F; Ledermann B; Burki K; Depraetere V; Nagata S; Hengartner H; Golstein P. 1994. Fas and perforin pathways as major mechanisms of T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Science 265(5171):528-30. [PubMed: 7518614]  [MGI Ref ID J:127697]

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