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| This strain is now distributed by the Mutant Mouse Regional Resource Center. Please refer to the Mutant Mouse Regional Resource Center (MMRRC) for ordering information and strain details on B6.Cg-Tg(APPswe,PSEN1dE9)85Dbo/Mmjax
MMRRC Stock Number 034832. As a designated MMRRC center, The Jackson Laboratory will continue to distribute these mice at the same high health and quality standards but ordering is exclusively provided through the MMRRC. | |||||||||||||||||||
- Description
- Phenotype
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- Health & husbandry
- References
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Description
Strain Information
Former Names B6.Cg-Tg(APPswe,PSEN1dE9)85Dbo/J (Changed: 10-AUG-11 ) Type Congenic; Mutant Strain; Transgenic; Additional information on Genetically Engineered and Mutant Mice. Visit our online Nomenclature tutorial. Additional information on Congenic nomenclature. Species laboratory mouse Donating Investigator David Borchelt, McKnight Brain Inst, Univ of Florida
Related Strains
Alzheimer's Disease Models
View Alzheimer's Disease Models (108 strains)
004462 B6C3-Tg(APPswe,PSEN1dE9)85Dbo/Mmjax
004462 B6C3-Tg(APPswe,PSEN1dE9)85Dbo/Mmjax
Additional Web Information
Visit the Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model Resource site for helpful information on Alzheimer's Disease and research resources.
Phenotype
Phenotype Information
assigned by genotype
Tg(APPswe,PSEN1dE9)85Dbo/0
B6.Cg-Tg(APPswe,PSEN1dE9)85Dbo/Mmjax
- mortality/aging
- premature death
- about 40% of mice are lost by 12 months of age (MGI Ref ID J:160557)
- behavior/neurological phenotype
- abnormal spatial learning
- 6 month old mutants exhibit slower visuospatial learning than control mice (MGI Ref ID J:172426)
- in the visuospatial re-learning test performed at 9, 11, 13, 15, and 18 months of age, mutants exhibit a decrease in the speed of re-learning the task compared to controls (MGI Ref ID J:172426)
- severely impaired performance in a morris water maze with much longer latencies to reach a hidden platform (MGI Ref ID J:160557)
- performance in a morris water maze declines between 3 and 12 months of age (MGI Ref ID J:160557)
- impaired passive avoidance behavior (MGI Ref ID J:160557)
- nervous system phenotype
- amyloid beta deposits (MGI Ref ID J:160557)
- astrocytosis (MGI Ref ID J:160557)
- axon degeneration
- axon degeneration and synapse loss (MGI Ref ID J:160557)
- other phenotype
- amyloid beta deposits (MGI Ref ID J:160557)
- taste/olfaction phenotype
- *normal* taste/olfaction phenotype
- mutants do not exhibit Alzheimer's disease-related impairments in olfactory performance in tests based on an operant conditioning procedure and in tests based on a habituation/dishabituation procedure (MGI Ref ID J:172426)
The following phenotype information may relate to a genetic background differing from this JAX® Mice strain.
Tg(APPswe,PSEN1dE9)85Dbo/0
involves: C3H/HeJ * C57BL/6J
- nervous system phenotype
- amyloid beta deposits
- plaques are abundant in hippocampus and cortex by 9 months of age (MGI Ref ID J:87691)
- occasional deposits can be found in mice as young as 6 months of age (MGI Ref ID J:87691)
- ratio of amyloid beta peptide 40:42 is 0.50:1 (MGI Ref ID J:87691)
- deposits observed in hippocampus by 6 months of age (MGI Ref ID J:139071)
- reduced long term potentiation
- transient long term potentiation (t-LTP) is reduced in transgenics and is age-independent (MGI Ref ID J:139071)
- other phenotype
- amyloid beta deposits
- plaques are abundant in hippocampus and cortex by 9 months of age (MGI Ref ID J:87691)
- occasional deposits can be found in mice as young as 6 months of age (MGI Ref ID J:87691)
- ratio of amyloid beta peptide 40:42 is 0.50:1 (MGI Ref ID J:87691)
- deposits observed in hippocampus by 6 months of age (MGI Ref ID J:139071)
- behavior/neurological phenotype
- abnormal spatial reference memory
- transgenic mice exhibit a 4-5% higher preference for the arm of the radial arm water maze that held the platform on the previous day (MGI Ref ID J:139071)
- 13 month old transgenic mice commit more errors in the water maze than controls, at 7 months of age both groups test similarly (MGI Ref ID J:139071)
- impaired coordination
- 14 month old transgenic mice exhibit a reduced ability to maintain balance on a rotarod (MGI Ref ID J:139071)
- growth/size phenotype
- decreased body weight
- at 14 months, transgenics weigh less than controls (MGI Ref ID J:139071)
Tg(APPswe,PSEN1dE9)85Dbo/0
B6C3-Tg(APPswe,PSEN1dE9)85Dbo/Mmjax
- nervous system phenotype
- amyloid beta deposits
- sparse deposits observed at 21 weeks of age, however, numerous deposits are observed at 45 and 60 weeks (MGI Ref ID J:113199)
- deposits are more extensive in females (MGI Ref ID J:113199)
- level of brain amyloid beta peptide 42 is predominant over 40; levels increase dramatically after 20 weeks of age (MGI Ref ID J:113199)
- senile plaques detected by thioflavin S or the anti-amyloid beta antibody, 3D6, as early as 4 months of age (MGI Ref ID J:113200)
- plaques are restricted to cortex and hippocampus at time points up to 12 months of age (MGI Ref ID J:113200)
- plaques increase in number and size over time (MGI Ref ID J:113200)
- exhibits an overall increase in soluble and insoluble amyloid beta peptide 40 and 42 between 4 and 12 months (MGI Ref ID J:113200)
- insoluble amyloid beta42 is increased 2-fold in cerebrum of sucrose-fed mice as compared to water-fed control (MGI Ref ID J:129021)
- total amyloid beta levels are increased by 3.6 fold in sucrose fed mice (MGI Ref ID J:129021)
- amyloid beta deposition is increased by 2.9-fold as determined by immunohistochemical and morphometric analysis in sucrose-fed mice (MGI Ref ID J:129021)
- cerebral amyloid angiopathy
- behavior/neurological phenotype
- abnormal spatial learning
- transgenic mice fed sucrose water failed to learn Morris water maze test after 5 days of training (MGI Ref ID J:129021)
- water-fed transgenic mice retained some learning ability over 5 day test period, but did not perform as well in the water maze test as non-transgenic controls (MGI Ref ID J:129021)
- increased drinking behavior
- mice fed sucrose water exhibited increased water consumption (MGI Ref ID J:129021)
- homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
- impaired glucose tolerance
- mice fed sucrose water displayed an impaired glucose tolerance as compared to water-fed control (MGI Ref ID J:129021)
- increased circulating cholesterol level
- total cholesterol, but not HDL, levels are increased 30% in mice fed sucrose water as compared to water-fed control (MGI Ref ID J:129021)
- increased circulating insulin level
- fasting plasma insulin levels are increased 3 fold in mice fed sucrose water as compared to water-fed control (MGI Ref ID J:129021)
- increased circulating triglyceride level
- elevated plasma triglyceride levels observed in females at 15 weeks of age (MGI Ref ID J:113199)
- cardiovascular system phenotype
- vasculature congestion (MGI Ref ID J:113200)
- other phenotype
- amyloidosis (MGI Ref ID J:129021)
- amyloid beta deposits
- sparse deposits observed at 21 weeks of age, however, numerous deposits are observed at 45 and 60 weeks (MGI Ref ID J:113199)
- deposits are more extensive in females (MGI Ref ID J:113199)
- level of brain amyloid beta peptide 42 is predominant over 40; levels increase dramatically after 20 weeks of age (MGI Ref ID J:113199)
- senile plaques detected by thioflavin S or the anti-amyloid beta antibody, 3D6, as early as 4 months of age (MGI Ref ID J:113200)
- plaques are restricted to cortex and hippocampus at time points up to 12 months of age (MGI Ref ID J:113200)
- plaques increase in number and size over time (MGI Ref ID J:113200)
- exhibits an overall increase in soluble and insoluble amyloid beta peptide 40 and 42 between 4 and 12 months (MGI Ref ID J:113200)
- insoluble amyloid beta42 is increased 2-fold in cerebrum of sucrose-fed mice as compared to water-fed control (MGI Ref ID J:129021)
- total amyloid beta levels are increased by 3.6 fold in sucrose fed mice (MGI Ref ID J:129021)
- amyloid beta deposition is increased by 2.9-fold as determined by immunohistochemical and morphometric analysis in sucrose-fed mice (MGI Ref ID J:129021)
- cerebral amyloid angiopathy
- growth/size phenotype
- increased body weight
Tg(APPswe,PSEN1dE9)85Dbo/0
Background Not Specified
- nervous system phenotype
- *normal* nervous system phenotype
- striatal volume is similar in both transgenic and wild-type at either 6 or 12 months of age (MGI Ref ID J:145530)
- abnormal medium spiny neuron morphology
- nuclei of medium spiny stellate neurons in both 6 and 12 month old transgenics are smaller and darker than wild-type (MGI Ref ID J:145530)
- decreased neuron number
- numbers of neurons are reduced in striatum of 12, but not 6, month old transgenics (MGI Ref ID J:145530)
- neuron degeneration
This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:APP related
Tg(APPswe,PSEN1dE9)85Dbo relatedMouse/Human Gene Homologs
Alzheimer's
Neurobiology Research
Neurodegeneration
Neurobiology Research
Alzheimer's Disease
Genes & Alleles
Gene & Allele Information provided by MGI
| Allele Symbol | Tg(APPswe,PSEN1dE9)85Dbo | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Allele Name | transgene insertion 85, David R Borchelt | ||
| Allele Type | Transgenic (random, expressed) | ||
| Common Name(s) | APP/PS1; APPswe/PS1dE9; APPswe/PS1deltaE9; APdE9; Mo/Hu APPswe PS1dE9; | ||
| Mutation Made By | David Borchelt, McKnight Brain Inst, Univ of Florida | ||
| Strain of Origin | (C57BL/6 x C3H)F2 | ||
| Expressed Gene | APP, amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein, human | ||
| Expressed Gene | PSEN1, presenilin 1, human | ||
| Promoter | Prn, prion protein gene complex, mouse, laboratory | ||
| General Note | Mice carrying this double transgene develop beta-amyloid deposits in the brain by 6 to 7 months of age. | ||
| Molecular Note | Two transgenes inserted at a single locus. Each transgene is controlled by the mouse prion promoter and contains a cDNA sequence. In one transgene the cDNA encodes a chimeric amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein (APPswe). In the second transgene the cDNA encodes the "DeltaE9" mutation of human presenilin 1. The DeltaE9 mutation of the human presenilin 1 gene is a deletion of exon 9 and corresponds to a form of early-onset Alzheimer's disease. The amyloid beta precursor protein coding sequences were altered by replacing mouse sequence encoding three amino acids of the A-beta domain with the human coding sequence for these residues. The chimeric amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein sequence was then further modified to encode the Swedish mutations K595N/M596L found in human. Both the transgenic peptide and holoprotein are detected by Signet Laboratories' monoclonal 6E10 antibody, which is specific for human sequence within this region. Human presenilin protein, which in high levels displaces detectable endogenous mouse protein, is immunodetected in the double transgenic mouse in whole brain protein homogenates. Human amyloid precursor protein is also immunodetected in these mice in whole brain protein homogenates. [MGI Ref ID J:78664] | ||
Genotyping
Genotyping Information
Genotyping Protocols
Generic Tg(APP), Standard PCR
Tg(PSEN1), Standard PCR
Helpful Links
Genotyping resources and troubleshooting
References
References provided by MGI
Selected Reference(s)
Jankowsky JL; Fadale DJ; Anderson J; Xu GM; Gonzales V; Jenkins NA; Copeland NG; Lee MK; Younkin LH; Wagner SL; Younkin SG; Borchelt DR. 2004. Mutant presenilins specifically elevate the levels of the 42 residue beta-amyloid peptide in vivo: evidence for augmentation of a 42-specific gamma secretase. Hum Mol Genet 13(2):159-70. [PubMed: 14645205] [MGI Ref ID J:87691]
Additional References
Malm TM; Iivonen H; Goldsteins G; Keksa-Goldsteine V; Ahtoniemi T; Kanninen K; Salminen A; Auriola S; Van Groen T; Tanila H; Koistinaho J. 2007. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate activates Akt and improves spatial learning in APP/PS1 mice without affecting beta-amyloid burden. J Neurosci 27(14):3712-21. [PubMed: 17409235] [MGI Ref ID J:119404]
Tg(APPswe,PSEN1dE9)85Dbo relatedBernardo A; Harrison FE; McCord M; Zhao J; Bruchey A; Davies SS; Jackson Roberts L 2nd; Mathews PM; Matsuoka Y; Ariga T; Yu RK; Thompson R; McDonald MP. 2009. Elimination of GD3 synthase improves memory and reduces amyloid-beta plaque load in transgenic mice. Neurobiol Aging 30(11):1777-91. [PubMed: 18258340] [MGI Ref ID J:152957]
Bero AW; Yan P; Roh JH; Cirrito JR; Stewart FR; Raichle ME; Lee JM; Holtzman DM. 2011. Neuronal activity regulates the regional vulnerability to amyloid-beta deposition. Nat Neurosci 14(6):750-6. [PubMed: 21532579] [MGI Ref ID J:173925]
Burdo JR; Chen Q; Calcutt NA; Schubert D. 2009. The pathological interaction between diabetes and presymptomatic Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 30(12):1910-7. [PubMed: 18372080] [MGI Ref ID J:155161]
Burgess BL; McIsaac SA; Naus KE; Chan JY; Tansley GH; Yang J; Miao F; Ross CJ; van Eck M; Hayden MR; van Nostrand W; St George-Hyslop P; Westaway D; Wellington CL. 2006. Elevated plasma triglyceride levels precede amyloid deposition in Alzheimer's disease mouse models with abundant A beta in plasma. Neurobiol Dis 24(1):114-27. [PubMed: 16899370] [MGI Ref ID J:113199]
Butler D; Hwang J; Estick C; Nishiyama A; Kumar SS; Baveghems C; Young-Oxendine HB; Wisniewski ML; Charalambides A; Bahr BA. 2011. Protective effects of positive lysosomal modulation in Alzheimer's disease transgenic mouse models. PLoS One 6(6):e20501. [PubMed: 21695208] [MGI Ref ID J:174789]
Butovsky O; Kunis G; Koronyo-Hamaoui M; Schwartz M. 2007. Selective ablation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells increases amyloid plaques in a mouse Alzheimer's disease model. Eur J Neurosci 26(2):413-6. [PubMed: 17623022] [MGI Ref ID J:127277]
Cao D; Lu H; Lewis TL; Li L. 2007. Intake of sucrose-sweetened water induces insulin resistance and exacerbates memory deficits and amyloidosis in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer disease. J Biol Chem 282(50):36275-82. [PubMed: 17942401] [MGI Ref ID J:129021]
Choi SH; Leight SN; Lee VM; Li T; Wong PC; Johnson JA; Saraiva MJ; Sisodia SS. 2007. Accelerated Abeta deposition in APPswe/PS1deltaE9 mice with hemizygous deletions of TTR (transthyretin). J Neurosci 27(26):7006-10. [PubMed: 17596449] [MGI Ref ID J:122976]
Cohen E; Paulsson JF; Blinder P; Burstyn-Cohen T; Du D; Estepa G; Adame A; Pham HM; Holzenberger M; Kelly JW; Masliah E; Dillin A. 2009. Reduced IGF-1 signaling delays age-associated proteotoxicity in mice. Cell 139(6):1157-69. [PubMed: 20005808] [MGI Ref ID J:157007]
Crouch PJ; Hung LW; Adlard PA; Cortes M; Lal V; Filiz G; Perez KA; Nurjono M; Caragounis A; Du T; Laughton K; Volitakis I; Bush AI; Li QX; Masters CL; Cappai R; Cherny RA; Donnelly PS; White AR; Barnham KJ. 2009. Increasing Cu bioavailability inhibits Abeta oligomers and tau phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106(2):381-6. [PubMed: 19122148] [MGI Ref ID J:143873]
D'Amico M; Di Filippo C; Marfella R; Abbatecola AM; Ferraraccio F; Rossi F; Paolisso G. 2010. Long-term inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 in Alzheimer's prone mice. Exp Gerontol 45(3):202-7. [PubMed: 20005285] [MGI Ref ID J:158446]
Ding Y; Qiao A; Wang Z; Goodwin JS; Lee ES; Block ML; Allsbrook M; McDonald MP; Fan GH. 2008. Retinoic acid attenuates beta-amyloid deposition and rescues memory deficits in an Alzheimer's disease transgenic mouse model. J Neurosci 28(45):11622-34. [PubMed: 18987198] [MGI Ref ID J:143199]
Donmez G; Wang D; Cohen DE; Guarente L. 2010. SIRT1 suppresses beta-amyloid production by activating the alpha-secretase gene ADAM10. Cell 142(2):320-32. [PubMed: 20655472] [MGI Ref ID J:163978]
Du J; Sun B; Chen K; Fan L; Wang Z. 2009. Antagonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma induces cerebellar amyloid-beta levels and motor dysfunction in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 384(3):357-61. [PubMed: 19422805] [MGI Ref ID J:150592]
Du J; Sun B; Chen K; Zhang L; Liu S; Gu Q; Fan L; Zhao N; Wang Z. 2009. Metabolites of cerebellar neurons and hippocampal neurons play opposite roles in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. PLoS ONE 4(5):e5530. [PubMed: 19436731] [MGI Ref ID J:148883]
Garcia-Alloza M; Borrelli LA; Hyman BT; Bacskai BJ. 2010. Antioxidants have a rapid and long-lasting effect on neuritic abnormalities in APP:PS1 mice. Neurobiol Aging 31(12):2058-68. [PubMed: 19124175] [MGI Ref ID J:168295]
Garcia-Alloza M; Borrelli LA; Rozkalne A; Hyman BT; Bacskai BJ. 2007. Curcumin labels amyloid pathology in vivo, disrupts existing plaques, and partially restores distorted neurites in an Alzheimer mouse model J Neurochem 102(4):1095-104. [PubMed: 17472706] [MGI Ref ID J:120785]
Garcia-Alloza M; Robbins EM; Zhang-Nunes SX; Prucell SM; Betensky RA; Raju S; Prada C; Greenberg SM; Bacskai BJ; Frosch MP. 2006. Charaterization of amyloid deposition in the APPswe/PS2dE9 mouse model of Alzheimer disease Neurobiol Dis 24(3):516-524. [PubMed: 17029828] [MGI Ref ID J:113200]
Gimbel DA; Nygaard HB; Coffey EE; Gunther EC; Lauren J; Gimbel ZA; Strittmatter SM. 2010. Memory impairment in transgenic Alzheimer mice requires cellular prion protein. J Neurosci 30(18):6367-74. [PubMed: 20445063] [MGI Ref ID J:160557]
Goto Y; Niidome T; Hongo H; Akaike A; Kihara T; Sugimoto H. 2008. Impaired muscarinic regulation of excitatory synaptic transmission in the APPswe/PS1dE9 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Pharmacol 583(1):84-91. [PubMed: 18282567] [MGI Ref ID J:134791]
Halford RW; Russell DW. 2009. Reduction of cholesterol synthesis in the mouse brain does not affect amyloid formation in Alzheimer's disease, but does extend lifespan. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106(9):3502-6. [PubMed: 19204288] [MGI Ref ID J:146447]
He G; Luo W; Li P; Remmers C; Netzer WJ; Hendrick J; Bettayeb K; Flajolet M; Gorelick F; Wennogle LP; Greengard P. 2010. Gamma-secretase activating protein is a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease. Nature 467(7311):95-8. [PubMed: 20811458] [MGI Ref ID J:163997]
Heneka MT; Nadrigny F; Regen T; Martinez-Hernandez A; Dumitrescu-Ozimek L; Terwel D; Jardanhazi-Kurutz D; Walter J; Kirchhoff F; Hanisch UK; Kummer MP. 2010. Locus ceruleus controls Alzheimer's disease pathology by modulating microglial functions through norepinephrine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107(13):6058-63. [PubMed: 20231476] [MGI Ref ID J:158919]
Hickman SE; Allison EK; El Khoury J. 2008. Microglial dysfunction and defective beta-amyloid clearance pathways in aging Alzheimer's disease mice. J Neurosci 28(33):8354-60. [PubMed: 18701698] [MGI Ref ID J:138606]
Hirsch-Reinshagen V; Chan JY; Wilkinson A; Tanaka T; Fan J; Ou G; Maia LF; Singaraja RR; Hayden MR; Wellington CL. 2007. Physiologically regulated transgenic ABCA1 does not reduce amyloid burden or amyloid-beta peptide levels in vivo. J Lipid Res 48(4):914-23. [PubMed: 17235115] [MGI Ref ID J:121674]
Hirsch-Reinshagen V; Maia LF; Burgess BL; Blain JF; Naus KE; McIsaac SA; Parkinson PF; Chan JY; Tansley GH; Hayden MR; Poirier J; Van Nostrand W; Wellington CL. 2005. The absence of ABCA1 decreases soluble ApoE levels but does not diminish amyloid deposition in two murine models of Alzheimer disease. J Biol Chem 280(52):43243-56. [PubMed: 16207707] [MGI Ref ID J:105900]
Ho A; Liu X; Sudhof TC. 2008. Deletion of Mint proteins decreases amyloid production in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. J Neurosci 28(53):14392-400. [PubMed: 19118172] [MGI Ref ID J:142874]
Hooijmans CR; Graven C; Dederen PJ; Tanila H; van Groen T; Kiliaan AJ. 2007. Amyloid beta deposition is related to decreased glucose transporter-1 levels and hippocampal atrophy in brains of aged APP/PS1 mice. Brain Res 1181:93-103. [PubMed: 17916337] [MGI Ref ID J:127348]
Hooijmans CR; Rutters F; Dederen PJ; Gambarota G; Veltien A; van Groen T; Broersen LM; Lutjohann D; Heerschap A; Tanila H; Kiliaan AJ. 2007. Changes in cerebral blood volume and amyloid pathology in aged Alzheimer APP/PS1 mice on a docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) diet or cholesterol enriched Typical Western Diet (TWD). Neurobiol Dis 28(1):16-29. [PubMed: 17720508] [MGI Ref ID J:134833]
Israeli E; Yakunin E; Zarbiv Y; Hacohen-Solovich A; Kisos H; Loeb V; Lichtenstein M; Ben-Gedalya T; Sabag O; Pikarsky E; Lorberboum-Galski H; Sharon R. 2011. alpha-Synuclein Expression Selectively Affects Tumorigenesis in Mice Modeling Parkinson's Disease. PLoS One 6(5):e19622. [PubMed: 21611169] [MGI Ref ID J:172735]
Jankowsky JL; Slunt HH; Ratovitski T; Jenkins NA; Copeland NG; Borchelt DR. 2001. Co-expression of multiple transgenes in mouse CNS: a comparison of strategies. Biomol Eng 17(6):157-65. [PubMed: 11337275] [MGI Ref ID J:78664]
Jankowsky JL; Younkin LH; Gonzales V; Fadale DJ; Slunt HH; Lester HA; Younkin SG; Borchelt DR. 2007. Rodent A beta modulates the solubility and distribution of amyloid deposits in transgenic mice. J Biol Chem 282(31):22707-20. [PubMed: 17556372] [MGI Ref ID J:124804]
Jardanhazi-Kurutz D; Kummer MP; Terwel D; Vogel K; Thiele A; Heneka MT. 2011. Distinct adrenergic system changes and neuroinflammation in response to induced locus ceruleus degeneration in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Neuroscience 176:396-407. [PubMed: 21129451] [MGI Ref ID J:169872]
Jin JJ; Kim HD; Maxwell JA; Li L; Fukuchi K. 2008. Toll-like receptor 4-dependent upregulation of cytokines in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. J Neuroinflammation 5:23. [PubMed: 18510752] [MGI Ref ID J:174833]
Kagedal K; Kim WS; Appelqvist H; Chan S; Cheng D; Agholme L; Barnham K; McCann H; Halliday G; Garner B. 2010. Increased expression of the lysosomal cholesterol transporter NPC1 in Alzheimer's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta 1801(8):831-8. [PubMed: 20497909] [MGI Ref ID J:165464]
Kang JE; Lim MM; Bateman RJ; Lee JJ; Smyth LP; Cirrito JR; Fujiki N; Nishino S; Holtzman DM. 2009. Amyloid-{beta} Dynamics Are Regulated by Orexin and the Sleep-Wake Cycle. Science :. [PubMed: 19779148] [MGI Ref ID J:154074]
Kanninen K; Heikkinen R; Malm T; Rolova T; Kuhmonen S; Leinonen H; Yla-Herttuala S; Tanila H; Levonen AL; Koistinaho M; Koistinaho J. 2009. Intrahippocampal injection of a lentiviral vector expressing Nrf2 improves spatial learning in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106(38):16505-10. [PubMed: 19805328] [MGI Ref ID J:153226]
Kanninen K; Malm TM; Jyrkkanen HK; Goldsteins G; Keksa-Goldsteine V; Tanila H; Yamamoto M; Yla-Herttuala S; Levonen AL; Koistinaho J. 2008. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 protects against beta amyloid. Mol Cell Neurosci 39(3):302-13. [PubMed: 18706502] [MGI Ref ID J:142109]
Kim J; Castellano JM; Jiang H; Basak JM; Parsadanian M; Pham V; Mason SM; Paul SM; Holtzman DM. 2009. Overexpression of low-density lipoprotein receptor in the brain markedly inhibits amyloid deposition and increases extracellular A beta clearance. Neuron 64(5):632-44. [PubMed: 20005821] [MGI Ref ID J:155809]
Knafo S; Venero C; Merino-Serrais P; Fernaud-Espinosa I; Gonzalez-Soriano J; Ferrer I; Santpere G; DeFelipe J. 2009. Morphological alterations to neurons of the amygdala and impaired fear conditioning in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. J Pathol 219(1):41-51. [PubMed: 19449368] [MGI Ref ID J:151904]
Koffie RM ; Meyer-Luehmann M ; Hashimoto T ; Adams KW ; Mielke ML ; Garcia-Alloza M ; Micheva KD ; Smith SJ ; Kim ML ; Lee VM ; Hyman BT ; Spires-Jones TL. 2009. Oligomeric amyloid beta associates with postsynaptic densities and correlates with excitatory synapse loss near senile plaques. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106(10):4012-7. [PubMed: 19228947] [MGI Ref ID J:146596]
Koronyo-Hamaoui M; Ko MK; Koronyo Y; Azoulay D; Seksenyan A; Kunis G; Pham M; Bakhsheshian J; Rogeri P; Black KL; Farkas DL; Schwartz M. 2009. Attenuation of AD-like neuropathology by harnessing peripheral immune cells: local elevation of IL-10 and MMP-9. J Neurochem 111(6):1409-24. [PubMed: 19780903] [MGI Ref ID J:156031]
Kuchibhotla KV; Lattarulo CR; Hyman BT; Bacskai BJ. 2009. Synchronous hyperactivity and intercellular calcium waves in astrocytes in Alzheimer mice. Science 323(5918):1211-5. [PubMed: 19251629] [MGI Ref ID J:145934]
Kumar S; Rezaei-Ghaleh N; Terwel D; Thal DR; Richard M; Hoch M; Mc Donald JM; Wullner U; Glebov K; Heneka MT; Walsh DM; Zweckstetter M; Walter J. 2011. Extracellular phosphorylation of the amyloid beta-peptide promotes formation of toxic aggregates during the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. EMBO J 30(11):2255-65. [PubMed: 21527912] [MGI Ref ID J:173179]
Kummer MP; Hermes M; Delekarte A; Hammerschmidt T; Kumar S; Terwel D; Walter J; Pape HC; Konig S; Roeber S; Jessen F; Klockgether T; Korte M; Heneka MT. 2011. Nitration of tyrosine 10 critically enhances amyloid beta aggregation and plaque formation. Neuron 71(5):833-44. [PubMed: 21903077] [MGI Ref ID J:176667]
Lalonde R; Kim HD; Fukuchi K. 2004. Exploratory activity, anxiety, and motor coordination in bigenic APPswe + PS1/DeltaE9 mice. Neurosci Lett 369(2):156-61. [PubMed: 15450687] [MGI Ref ID J:93096]
Lalonde R; Kim HD; Maxwell JA; Fukuchi K. 2005. Exploratory activity and spatial learning in 12-month-old APP(695)SWE/co+PS1/DeltaE9 mice with amyloid plaques. Neurosci Lett 390(2):87-92. [PubMed: 16169151] [MGI Ref ID J:104569]
Lam V; Takechi R; Pallebage-Gamarallage MM; Galloway S; Mamo JC. 2011. Colocalisation of plasma derived apo B lipoproteins with cerebral proteoglycans in a transgenic-amyloid model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurosci Lett 492(3):160-4. [PubMed: 21310214] [MGI Ref ID J:170853]
Lefterov I; Fitz NF; Cronican AA; Fogg A; Lefterov P; Kodali R; Wetzel R; Koldamova R. 2010. Apolipoprotein A-I deficiency increases cerebral amyloid angiopathy and cognitive deficits in APP/PS1DeltaE9 mice. J Biol Chem 285(47):36945-57. [PubMed: 20739292] [MGI Ref ID J:166877]
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Machova E; Jakubik J; Michal P; Oksman M; Iivonen H; Tanila H; Dolezal V. 2008. Impairment of muscarinic transmission in transgenic APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. Neurobiol Aging 29(3):368-78. [PubMed: 17140703] [MGI Ref ID J:135055]
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Mazzitelli S; Xu P; Ferrer I; Davis RJ; Tournier C. 2011. The Loss of c-Jun N-Terminal Protein Kinase Activity Prevents the Amyloidogenic Cleavage of Amyloid Precursor Protein and the Formation of Amyloid Plaques In Vivo. J Neurosci 31(47):16969-76. [PubMed: 22114267] [MGI Ref ID J:178060]
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Sheng JG; Price DL; Koliatsos VE. 2002. Disruption of corticocortical connections ameliorates amyloid burden in terminal fields in a transgenic model of Abeta amyloidosis. J Neurosci 22(22):9794-9. [PubMed: 12427835] [MGI Ref ID J:134697]
Shi Q; Prior M; He W; Tang X; Hu X; Yan R. 2009. Reduced amyloid deposition in mice overexpressing RTN3 is adversely affected by preformed dystrophic neurites. J Neurosci 29(29):9163-73. [PubMed: 19625507] [MGI Ref ID J:151798]
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Sotthibundhu A; Li QX; Thangnipon W; Coulson EJ. 2009. Abeta(1-42) stimulates adult SVZ neurogenesis through the p75 neurotrophin receptor. Neurobiol Aging 30(12):1975-85. [PubMed: 18374455] [MGI Ref ID J:155160]
Stoltenberg M; Bush AI; Bach G; Smidt K; Larsen A; Rungby J; Lund S; Doering P; Danscher G. 2007. Amyloid plaques arise from zinc-enriched cortical layers in APP/PS1 transgenic mice and are paradoxically enlarged with dietary zinc deficiency. Neuroscience 150(2):357-69. [PubMed: 17949919] [MGI Ref ID J:130788]
Takata K; Kitamura Y; Saeki M; Terada M; Kagitani S; Kitamura R; Fujikawa Y; Maelicke A; Tomimoto H; Taniguchi T; Shimohama S. 2010. Galantamine-induced amyloid-{beta} clearance mediated via stimulation of microglial nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. J Biol Chem 285(51):40180-91. [PubMed: 20947502] [MGI Ref ID J:167587]
Tamayev R; Matsuda S; Giliberto L; Arancio O; D'Adamio L. 2011. APP heterozygosity averts memory deficit in knockin mice expressing the Danish dementia BRI2 mutant. EMBO J 30(12):2501-9. [PubMed: 21587206] [MGI Ref ID J:173362]
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