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- Description
- Disease & phenotype
- Genes & alleles
- Genotyping
- Health & care
- References
- Pricing & purchasing
- Terms of use
Description
The genotypes of the animals provided may not reflect those discussed in the strain description or the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation. Please inquire for possible genotypes for this specific strain.
Strain Information
Type Congenic; Mutant Strain; Targeted Mutation; Additional information on Genetically Engineered and Mutant Mice. Visit our online Nomenclature tutorial. Additional information on Congenic nomenclature. Mating System +/+ sibling x Heterozygote (Female x Male) 08-SEP-06 Species laboratory mouse Generation N11p
Generation DefinitionsDonating Investigator Huda Zoghbi, Baylor College of Medicine Description
Mice that are heterozygous for the targeted mutation are viable, fertile, normal in size and do not display any gross physical or behavioral abnormalities. Homozygous mutant mice have a perinatal lethal phenotype and die shortly after birth. No gene product (protein) is detected in resting chondrocytes by immunohistochemical analysis of embryonic age 18.5 homozygotes. Beta-galactosidase X-gal staining of neural tissue from embryonic day 14.5 and newborn (postnatal day 0) aged homozygous and heterozygous mice mimicks the endogenous expression pattern. Mice homozygous for this mutation exhibit a phenotype similar to the phenotype observed in mice homozygous for the null (loss of function) targeted mutation. Homozygotes lack cerebellar granule neurons, cochlear and ventricular hair cells, and the pontine nuclei in the brain stem. This mutant mouse strain may be useful in studies of brain and inner ear development.Development
A targeting vector containing lacZ, neomycin resistance and herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase genes was used to disrupt the entire coding region. The construct was electroporated into 129S7/SvEvBrd-Hprtb-m2derived AB2.2 embryonic stem (ES) cells. Correctly targeted ES cells were injected into recipient blastocysts. The resulting chimeric animals were crossed to C57BL/6 mice, and then backcrossed to the same for 10 generations.
Control Information
| Control | ||
|---|---|---|
| Wild-type from the colony | ||
| 000664 C57BL/6J | ||
| Considerations for Choosing Controls | ||
Related Strains
lacZ Expression Strains
View lacZ Expression Strains (255 strains)
013593 B6.129S-Atoh1tm4.1Hzo/J 013594 B6.129S-Atoh1tm5.1(Cre/PGR)Hzo/J 013595 B6.129S-Atoh1tm6.1Hzo/J 008681 B6.129S7-Atoh1tm3Hzo/J 011104 B6.Cg-Tg(Atoh1-cre)1Bfri/J 007684 STOCK Tg(Atoh1-cre/Esr1*)14Fsh/J
Additional Web Information
Fluorescent Proteins/lacZ Systems
Phenotype
Phenotype Information
assigned by genotype
The following phenotype information may relate to a genetic background differing from this JAX® Mice strain.
Atoh1tm2Hzo/Atoh1tm2Hzo
Background Not Specified
- mortality/aging
- complete neonatal lethality
- hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype
- absent cochlear hair cells (MGI Ref ID J:55694)
- absent vestibular hair cells
- hair cells were absent from utricles and cochlea (MGI Ref ID J:55694)
- homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
- cyanosis (MGI Ref ID J:60393)
- respiratory system phenotype
- decreased pulmonary respiratory rate
- diaphragmatic electromyograms indicate slow and variable respiratory rhythms involving the phrenic nerve (MGI Ref ID J:155760)
- rhythms also slow when recorded from hypoglossal and C4 nerves when the diaphragm is not part of the experimental preparation (MGI Ref ID J:155760)
- glutamatergic modulators such as dihydrokainic acid and ampakine (CX546) restore near normal rhythm and pattern in expermimental preparations (MGI Ref ID J:155760)
- substance P increases respiratory rhythm but does not restore normal frequency or pattern (MGI Ref ID J:155760)
- norepinephrin establishes a similar slow, regular pace in both mutant and control experimental preparations (MGI Ref ID J:155760)
- respiratory failure
- animals do not breathe after birth (MGI Ref ID J:60393)
- nervous system phenotype
- *normal* nervous system phenotype
- normal hindbrain: normal nucleus tractus solitarus, nucleus ambiguus, dorsal vagus nucleus and trigeminal ganglion (MGI Ref ID J:60393)
- abnormal cerebellar Purkinje cell layer
- disorganized and cells localized at periphery of cerebellum (MGI Ref ID J:60393)
- abnormal hindbrain development
- in null embryos, certain nuclei of the rostrolateral region of the hindbrain that originate in the cerebellar rhombic lip fail to form; nuclei such as the pontine nuclei and the external granule layer do not seem to form in the rostrolateral hindbrain but are present at more caudal positions in mutant brains (MGI Ref ID J:105186)
- absent cochlear hair cells (MGI Ref ID J:55694)
- absent vestibular hair cells
- hair cells were absent from utricles and cochlea (MGI Ref ID J:55694)
- small cerebellum (MGI Ref ID J:60393)
This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:
Developmental Biology Research
Neurodevelopmental Defects
Perinatal Lethality
Homozygous
Neurobiology Research
lacZ expression in neural tissue
Cerebellar Defects
Hearing Defects
Neurodevelopmental Defects
Research Tools
lacZ Expression
Neurobiology Research
cell marker
Sensorineural Research
Genes & Alleles
Gene & Allele Information provided by MGI
| Allele Symbol | Atoh1tm2Hzo | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Allele Name | targeted mutation 2, Huda Y Zoghbi | ||
| Allele Type | Targeted (Reporter) | ||
| Common Name(s) | Atoh1LacZ; Math1/lacZ; Math1-; Math1beta-Gal; Math1lacZ; | ||
| Mutation Made By | Huda Zoghbi, Baylor College of Medicine | ||
| Site of Expression | lacZ replaces/mimics endogenous gene expression | ||
| Expressed Gene | lacZ, beta-galactosidase, E. coli | ||
| Molecular Note | A lacZ-PGK-neomycin resistance cassette replaced the coding region and placed lacZ under control of the endogenous promoter. [MGI Ref ID J:60393] | ||
| Gene Symbol and Name | Atoh1, atonal homolog 1 (Drosophila) | ||
| Chromosome | 6 | ||
| Gene Common Name(s) | ATH1; HATH1; MATH-1; Math1; RGD1565171; bHLHa14; | ||
Genotyping
Genotyping Information
Genotyping Protocols
Atohtm2Hzo,Separated MCA
Atohtm2Hzo, Separated PCR
Helpful Links
Genotyping resources and troubleshooting
References
References provided by MGI
Selected Reference(s)
Ben-Arie N; Hassan BA; Bermingham NA; Malicki DM; Armstrong D; Matzuk M; Bellen HJ; Zoghbi HY. 2000. Functional conservation of atonal and Math1 in the CNS and PNS. Development 127(5):1039-48. [PubMed: 10662643] [MGI Ref ID J:60393]
Additional References
Atoh1tm2Hzo relatedBermingham NA; Hassan BA; Price SD; Vollrath MA; Ben-Arie N; Eatock RA; Bellen HJ; Lysakowski A; Zoghbi HY. 1999. Math1: an essential gene for the generation of inner ear hair cells. Science 284(5421):1837-41. [PubMed: 10364557] [MGI Ref ID J:55694]
Bermingham NA; Hassan BA; Wang VY; Fernandez M; Banfi S; Bellen HJ; Fritzsch B; Zoghbi HY. 2001. Proprioceptor pathway development is dependent on math1. Neuron 30(2):411-22. [PubMed: 11395003] [MGI Ref ID J:69624]
Chizhikov VV; Lindgren AG; Currle DS; Rose MF; Monuki ES; Millen KJ. 2006. The roof plate regulates cerebellar cell-type specification and proliferation. Development 133(15):2793-804. [PubMed: 16790481] [MGI Ref ID J:119033]
Chizhikov VV; Lindgren AG; Mishima Y; Roberts RW; Aldinger KA; Miesegaes GR; Currle DS; Monuki ES; Millen KJ. 2010. Lmx1a regulates fates and location of cells originating from the cerebellar rhombic lip and telencephalic cortical hem. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107(23):10725-30. [PubMed: 20498066] [MGI Ref ID J:161290]
Chung SH; Marzban H; Aldinger K; Dixit R; Millen K; Schuurmans C; Hawkes R. 2011. Zac1 plays a key role in the development of specific neuronal subsets in the mouse cerebellum. Neural Dev 6:25. [PubMed: 21592321] [MGI Ref ID J:173393]
Dabdoub A; Puligilla C; Jones JM; Fritzsch B; Cheah KS; Pevny LH; Kelley MW. 2008. Sox2 signaling in prosensory domain specification and subsequent hair cell differentiation in the developing cochlea. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105(47):18396-401. [PubMed: 19011097] [MGI Ref ID J:142229]
Driver EC; Pryor SP; Hill P; Turner J; Ruther U; Biesecker LG; Griffith AJ; Kelley MW. 2008. Hedgehog signaling regulates sensory cell formation and auditory function in mice and humans. J Neurosci 28(29):7350-8. [PubMed: 18632939] [MGI Ref ID J:139256]
Englund C; Kowalczyk T; Daza RA; Dagan A; Lau C; Rose MF; Hevner RF. 2006. Unipolar brush cells of the cerebellum are produced in the rhombic lip and migrate through developing white matter. J Neurosci 26(36):9184-95. [PubMed: 16957075] [MGI Ref ID J:112207]
Flora A; Garcia JJ; Thaller C; Zoghbi HY. 2007. The E-protein Tcf4 interacts with Math1 to regulate differentiation of a specific subset of neuronal progenitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104(39):15382-7. [PubMed: 17878293] [MGI Ref ID J:125313]
Flora A; Klisch TJ; Schuster G; Zoghbi HY. 2009. Deletion of Atoh1 disrupts Sonic Hedgehog signaling in the developing cerebellum and prevents medulloblastoma. Science 326(5958):1424-7. [PubMed: 19965762] [MGI Ref ID J:155047]
Fritzsch B; Matei VA; Nichols DH; Bermingham N; Jones K; Beisel KW; Wang VY. 2005. Atoh1 null mice show directed afferent fiber growth to undifferentiated ear sensory epithelia followed by incomplete fiber retention. Dev Dyn 233(2):570-83. [PubMed: 15844198] [MGI Ref ID J:98393]
Huang WH; Tupal S; Huang TW; Ward CS; Neul JL; Klisch TJ; Gray PA; Zoghbi HY. 2012. Atoh1 Governs the Migration of Postmitotic Neurons that Shape Respiratory Effectiveness at Birth and Chemoresponsiveness in Adulthood. Neuron 75(5):799-809. [PubMed: 22958821] [MGI Ref ID J:188329]
Jensen P; Smeyne R; Goldowitz D. 2004. Analysis of cerebellar development in math1 null embryos and chimeras. J Neurosci 24(9):2202-11. [PubMed: 14999071] [MGI Ref ID J:90130]
Jensen P; Zoghbi HY; Goldowitz D. 2002. Dissection of the cellular and molecular events that position cerebellar Purkinje cells: a study of the math1 null-mutant mouse. J Neurosci 22(18):8110-6. [PubMed: 12223565] [MGI Ref ID J:79141]
Kiernan AE; Pelling AL; Leung KK; Tang AS; Bell DM; Tease C; Lovell-Badge R; Steel KP; Cheah KS. 2005. Sox2 is required for sensory organ development in the mammalian inner ear. Nature 434(7036):1031-5. [PubMed: 15846349] [MGI Ref ID J:98458]
Kim D; Ackerman SL. 2011. The UNC5C netrin receptor regulates dorsal guidance of mouse hindbrain axons. J Neurosci 31(6):2167-79. [PubMed: 21307253] [MGI Ref ID J:169455]
Kim K; Petrova YM; Scott BL; Nigam R; Agrawal A; Evans CM; Azzegagh Z; Gomez A; Rodarte EM; Olkkonen VM; Bagirzadeh R; Piccotti L; Ren B; Yoon JH; McNew JA; Adachi R; Tuvim MJ; Dickey BF. 2012. Munc18b is an essential gene in mice whose expression is limiting for secretion by airway epithelial and mast cells. Biochem J 446(3):383-94. [PubMed: 22694344] [MGI Ref ID J:188931]
Krizhanovsky V; Ben-Arie N. 2006. A novel role for the choroid plexus in BMP-mediated inhibition of differentiation of cerebellar neural progenitors. Mech Dev 123(1):67-75. [PubMed: 16325379] [MGI Ref ID J:104282]
Li S; Mark S; Radde-Gallwitz K; Schlisner R; Chin MT; Chen P. 2008. Hey2 functions in parallel with Hes1 and Hes5 for mammalian auditory sensory organ development. BMC Dev Biol 8:20. [PubMed: 18302773] [MGI Ref ID J:135642]
Machold R; Fishell G. 2005. Math1 is expressed in temporally discrete pools of cerebellar rhombic-lip neural progenitors. Neuron 48(1):17-24. [PubMed: 16202705] [MGI Ref ID J:105186]
Machold RP; Kittell DJ; Fishell GJ. 2007. Antagonism between Notch and bone morphogenetic protein receptor signaling regulates neurogenesis in the cerebellar rhombic lip. Neural Dev 2:5. [PubMed: 17319963] [MGI Ref ID J:160654]
Maricich SM; Morrison KM; Mathes EL; Brewer BM. 2012. Rodents rely on Merkel cells for texture discrimination tasks. J Neurosci 32(10):3296-300. [PubMed: 22399751] [MGI Ref ID J:182735]
Maricich SM; Wellnitz SA; Nelson AM; Lesniak DR; Gerling GJ; Lumpkin EA; Zoghbi HY. 2009. Merkel cells are essential for light-touch responses. Science 324(5934):1580-2. [PubMed: 19541997] [MGI Ref ID J:149981]
Maricich SM; Xia A; Mathes EL; Wang VY; Oghalai JS; Fritzsch B; Zoghbi HY. 2009. Atoh1-lineal neurons are required for hearing and for the survival of neurons in the spiral ganglion and brainstem accessory auditory nuclei. J Neurosci 29(36):11123-33. [PubMed: 19741118] [MGI Ref ID J:152678]
Matei V; Pauley S; Kaing S; Rowitch D; Beisel KW; Morris K; Feng F; Jones K; Lee J; Fritzsch B. 2005. Smaller inner ear sensory epithelia in Neurog 1 null mice are related to earlier hair cell cycle exit. Dev Dyn 234(3):633-50. [PubMed: 16145671] [MGI Ref ID J:102293]
Morrison KM; Miesegaes GR; Lumpkin EA; Maricich SM. 2009. Mammalian Merkel cells are descended from the epidermal lineage. Dev Biol 336(1):76-83. [PubMed: 19782676] [MGI Ref ID J:154915]
Prasad T; Wang X; Gray PA; Weiner JA. 2008. A differential developmental pattern of spinal interneuron apoptosis during synaptogenesis: insights from genetic analyses of the protocadherin-{gamma} gene cluster. Development 135(24):4153-64. [PubMed: 19029045] [MGI Ref ID J:142349]
Rose MF; Ahmad KA; Thaller C; Zoghbi HY. 2009. Excitatory neurons of the proprioceptive, interoceptive, and arousal hindbrain networks share a developmental requirement for Math1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106(52):22462-7. [PubMed: 20080794] [MGI Ref ID J:155932]
Rose MF; Ren J; Ahmad KA; Chao HT; Klisch TJ; Flora A; Greer JJ; Zoghbi HY. 2009. Math1 is essential for the development of hindbrain neurons critical for perinatal breathing. Neuron 64(3):341-54. [PubMed: 19914183] [MGI Ref ID J:155760]
Shroyer NF; Helmrath MA; Wang VY; Antalffy B; Henning SJ; Zoghbi HY. 2007. Intestine-specific ablation of mouse atonal homolog 1 (Math1) reveals a role in cellular homeostasis. Gastroenterology 132(7):2478-88. [PubMed: 17570220] [MGI Ref ID J:128312]
Shroyer NF; Wallis D; Venken KJ; Bellen HJ; Zoghbi HY. 2005. Gfi1 functions downstream of Math1 to control intestinal secretory cell subtype allocation and differentiation. Genes Dev 19(20):2412-7. [PubMed: 16230531] [MGI Ref ID J:102106]
Swanson DJ; Tong Y; Goldowitz D. 2005. Disruption of cerebellar granule cell development in the Pax6 mutant, Sey mouse. Brain Res Dev Brain Res 160(2):176-93. [PubMed: 16289327] [MGI Ref ID J:103551]
Vandussen KL; Carulli AJ; Keeley TM; Patel SR; Puthoff BJ; Magness ST; Tran IT; Maillard I; Siebel C; Kolterud A; Grosse AS; Gumucio DL; Ernst SA; Tsai YH; Dempsey PJ; Samuelson LC. 2012. Notch signaling modulates proliferation and differentiation of intestinal crypt base columnar stem cells. Development 139(3):488-97. [PubMed: 22190634] [MGI Ref ID J:179656]
Wallis D; Hamblen M; Zhou Y; Venken KJ; Schumacher A; Grimes HL; Zoghbi HY; Orkin SH; Bellen HJ. 2003. The zinc finger transcription factor Gfi1, implicated in lymphomagenesis, is required for inner ear hair cell differentiation and survival. Development 130(1):221-32. [PubMed: 12441305] [MGI Ref ID J:80025]
Wang VY; Hassan BA; Bellen HJ; Zoghbi HY. 2002. Drosophila atonal fully rescues the phenotype of Math1 null mice: new functions evolve in new cellular contexts. Curr Biol 12(18):1611-6. [PubMed: 12372255] [MGI Ref ID J:79026]
Wang VY; Rose MF; Zoghbi HY. 2005. Math1 expression redefines the rhombic lip derivatives and reveals novel lineages within the brainstem and cerebellum. Neuron 48(1):31-43. [PubMed: 16202707] [MGI Ref ID J:105185]
Weston MD; Pierce ML; Jensen-Smith HC; Fritzsch B; Rocha-Sanchez S; Beisel KW; Soukup GA. 2011. MicroRNA-183 family expression in hair cell development and requirement of microRNAs for hair cell maintenance and survival. Dev Dyn 240(4):808-19. [PubMed: 21360794] [MGI Ref ID J:169673]
Woods C; Montcouquiol M; Kelley MW. 2004. Math1 regulates development of the sensory epithelium in the mammalian cochlea. Nat Neurosci 7(12):1310-8. [PubMed: 15543141] [MGI Ref ID J:95110]
Yang Q; Bermingham NA; Finegold MJ; Zoghbi HY. 2001. Requirement of Math1 for secretory cell lineage commitment in the mouse intestine. Science 294(5549):2155-8. [PubMed: 11739954] [MGI Ref ID J:73284]
Health & husbandry
The genotypes of the animals provided may not reflect those discussed in the strain description or the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation. Please inquire for possible genotypes for this specific strain.
Health & Colony Maintenance Information
Animal Health Reports
Production of mice from cryopreserved embryos or sperm occurs in a maximum barrier room, G200.Colony Maintenance
Breeding & Husbandry When maintaining a live colony, these mice are bred as heterozygotes due to the homozygous perinatal lethal phenotype. Mating System +/+ sibling x Heterozygote (Female x Male) 08-SEP-06
Pricing and Purchasing
Pricing, Supply Level & Notes, Controls
| Pricing for USA, Canada and Mexico shipping destinations |
|
Cryopreserved
Cryopreserved Mice - Ready for Recovery
Animals Provided
Price (US dollars $) Cryorecovery* $2250.00 At least two mice that carry the mutation (if it is a mutant strain) will be provided. Their genotypes may not reflect those discussed in the strain description. Please inquire for possible genotypes and see additional details below.
Standard Supply
Cryopreserved. Ready for recovery. Please refer to pricing and supply notes on the strain data sheet for further information.
Supply Notes
- Cryorecovery - Standard.
Progeny testing is not required.
The average number of mice provided from recovery of our cryopreserved strains is 10. The total number of animals provided, their gender and genotype will vary. We will fulfill your order by providing at least two pair of mice, at least one animal of each pair carrying the mutation of interest. Please inquire if larger numbers of animals with specific genotype and genders are needed. Animals typically ship between 11 and 14 weeks from the date of your order. If a second cryorecovery is needed in order to provide the minimum number of animals, animals will ship within 25 weeks. IMPORTANT NOTE: The genotypes of animals provided may not reflect the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation, or that discussed in the strain description. Please inquire about possible genotypes which will be recovered for this specific strain. The Jackson Laboratory cannot guarantee the reproductive success of mice shipped to your facility. If the mice are lost after the first three days (post-arrival) or do not produce progeny at your facility, a new order and fee will be necessary.Cryorecovery to establish a Dedicated Supply for greater quantities of mice.
Mice recovered can be used to establish a dedicated colony to contractually supply you mice according to your requirements. Price by quotation. For more information on Dedicated Supply, please contact JAX® Services, Tel: 1-800-422-6423 (from U.S.A., Canada or Puerto Rico only) or 1-207-288-5845 (from any location).
| Pricing for International shipping destinations |
|
Cryopreserved
Cryopreserved Mice - Ready for Recovery
Animals Provided
Price (US dollars $) Cryorecovery* $2925.00 At least two mice that carry the mutation (if it is a mutant strain) will be provided. Their genotypes may not reflect those discussed in the strain description. Please inquire for possible genotypes and see additional details below.
Standard Supply
Cryopreserved. Ready for recovery. Please refer to pricing and supply notes on the strain data sheet for further information.
Supply Notes
- Cryorecovery - Standard.
Progeny testing is not required.
The average number of mice provided from recovery of our cryopreserved strains is 10. The total number of animals provided, their gender and genotype will vary. We will fulfill your order by providing at least two pair of mice, at least one animal of each pair carrying the mutation of interest. Please inquire if larger numbers of animals with specific genotype and genders are needed. Animals typically ship between 11 and 14 weeks from the date of your order. If a second cryorecovery is needed in order to provide the minimum number of animals, animals will ship within 25 weeks. IMPORTANT NOTE: The genotypes of animals provided may not reflect the mating scheme utilized by The Jackson Laboratory prior to cryopreservation, or that discussed in the strain description. Please inquire about possible genotypes which will be recovered for this specific strain. The Jackson Laboratory cannot guarantee the reproductive success of mice shipped to your facility. If the mice are lost after the first three days (post-arrival) or do not produce progeny at your facility, a new order and fee will be necessary.Cryorecovery to establish a Dedicated Supply for greater quantities of mice.
Mice recovered can be used to establish a dedicated colony to contractually supply you mice according to your requirements. Price by quotation. For more information on Dedicated Supply, please contact JAX® Services, Tel: 1-800-422-6423 (from U.S.A., Canada or Puerto Rico only) or 1-207-288-5845 (from any location).
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|
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Standard Supply
Cryopreserved. Ready for recovery. Please refer to pricing and supply notes on the strain data sheet for further information.
Control Information
| Control | ||
|---|---|---|
| Wild-type from the colony | ||
| 000664 C57BL/6J | ||
| Considerations for Choosing Controls | ||
| Control Pricing Information for Genetically Engineered Mutant Strains. | ||
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The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise
The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.Ordering Information
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JAX® Mice, Products & Services Conditions of Use
"MICE" means mouse strains, their progeny derived by inbreeding or crossbreeding, unmodified derivatives from mouse strains or their progeny supplied by The Jackson Laboratory ("JACKSON"). "PRODUCTS" means biological materials supplied by JACKSON, and their derivatives. "RECIPIENT" means each recipient of MICE, PRODUCTS, or services provided by JACKSON including each institution, its employees and other researchers under its control. MICE or PRODUCTS shall not be: (i) used for any purpose other than the internal research, (ii) sold or otherwise provided to any third party for any use, or (iii) provided to any agent or other third party to provide breeding or other services. Acceptance of MICE or PRODUCTS from JACKSON shall be deemed as agreement by RECIPIENT to these conditions, and departure from these conditions requires JACKSON's prior written authorization.No Warranty
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