Description

Strain Information

Type Congenic; Mutant Strain; Targeted Mutation; Additional information on Genetically Engineered and Mutant Mice. Visit our online Nomenclature tutorial. Additional information on Congenic nomenclature. Mating System Homozygote x Homozygote         (Female x Male)   17-APR-08 Species laboratory mouse Generation N5+N1F3 (28-JAN-09)   Donating Investigator Richard Cummings,   University of Oklahoma

Description
Mice that are homozygous for the targeted mutation are viable, fertile, normal in size and do not display any gross physical abnormalities. No gene product (mRNA or protein) is detected by in situ hybridization of dorsal root ganglia and facial motorneuron nucleus and Western blot analysis of adult muscle tissue. Neonate mice homozygous for the mutation have abnormal axon targeting to the caudal region of the olfactory bulb. Mutant mice have fewer neural progenitor cells in the subventricular zone of the forebrain, although the number of apoptotic cells are not affected. Homozygotes exhibit hypoalgesia with a diminished nocifensive withdraw response to thermal testing. Immunohistological analysis of dorsal root ganglia from homozygotes reveals abnormal proportions of axon subpopulations and a larger number of myelinated axons. Mutant mice have a longer recovery of motorneuron function after experimental nerve injury. This mutant mouse strain represents a model that may be useful in studies of pain reception, motorneuron regeneration, axonal growth and guidance and development of the nervous system.

This strain was transferred from the collection of the Consortium for Functional Glycomics.

It has been the experience of The Jackson Laboratory that these mice experience a transient period of hairloss between the ages of 2-6 weeks, with full hair growth returning by six weeks of age. Analysis of skin sections reveals a pathology similar to what is seen in C57BL/6 alopecia and movement of these alleles onto the C57BL/6J background may have exacerbated this phenotype.

Development
A targeting vector containing neomycin resistance and herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase genes was used to disrupt 1.0kb of sequence that includes exon 2. The construct was electroporated into 129S6/SvEvTac derived CCE embryonic stem (ES) cells. Correctly targeted ES cells were injected into outbred MF-1 blastocysts. The resulting chimeric male animals were crossed to outbred MF-1 female mice. Heterozygotes were crossed to generate homozygotes. The mice were then bred to mice homozygous for a targeted mutation of Lgals3. The double mutant strain was then backcrossed to C57BL/6 for 5 generations. Upon arrival at The Jackson Laboratory, the second allele was removed by selective breeding. These mice carry only the Lgals1^tm1Rob allele.

Control Information

	Control
	000664 C57BL/6J
Considerations for Choosing Controls

Related Strains

Strains carrying   Lgals1^tm1Rob allele

006354

B6.Cg-Lgals3tm1Poi Lgals1tm1Rob/J

View Strains carrying   Lgals1^tm1Rob     (1 strain)

Phenotype

Phenotype Information

View Mammalian Phenotype Terms

Mammalian Phenotype Terms

      assigned by genotype

The following phenotype information may relate to a genetic background differing from this JAX^® Mice strain.

Lgals1^tm1Rob/Lgals1^tm1Rob

        involves: 129S/SvEv * MF1

• nervous system phenotype
• abnormal olfactory nerve morphology (MGI Ref ID J:36694)
  • although the olfactory nerve itself was normal, projections from it to the dorsocaudal surface of the olfactory bulb were severly reduced and axons never terminated in glomeruli
  • mice were otherwise normal
• normal phenotype
• no abnormal phenotype detected (MGI Ref ID J:16245)
  • mice are normal

Lgals1^tm1Rob/Lgals1^tm1Rob

        involves: 129S/SvEv

• nervous system phenotype
• abnormal dorsal root ganglion morphology (MGI Ref ID J:101850)
  • mice exhibit fewer IB4-binding neurons (non-peptidergic nociceptor neurons), more NF200-exressing neurons (large-diameter mechanoreceptor neurons) and more myelinated sensory axons in the dorsal root ganglia than in wild-type mice
  • the mean diameter of neurons in the dorsal root ganglia is reduced compared to in wild-type mice
  • however, the total number of neurons in the dorsal root ganglia is normal
• abnormal neuromuscular synapse morphology (MGI Ref ID J:122104)
  • mice exhibit a delay in eliminating nerve endings after axotomy compared to in wild-type mice
• abnormal postnatal subventricular zone morphology (MGI Ref ID J:109590)
  • mice exhibit fewer proliferating cells and slowly dividing cells in the adult subventricular zone (SVZ) compared to in wild-type mice
  • fewer progenitor cells are found in the adult SVZ compared to in wild-type mice
  • however, the number of apoptotic cells in the SVZ is normal
• abnormal sensory neuron morphology (MGI Ref ID J:101850)
  • mice exhibit more myelinated sensory axons in the dorsal root ganglia than in wild-type mice
• abnormal mechanoreceptor morphology (MGI Ref ID J:101850)
  • mice exhibit fewer IB4-binding neurons (non-peptidergic nociceptor neurons) in the dorsal root ganglia than in wild-type mice
  • IB4-binding axons extend deeper into the dorsal horn of the spinal cord than in wild-type mice
• abnormal nociceptor morphology (MGI Ref ID J:101850)
  • mice exhibit more myelinated sensory axons in the dorsal root ganglia than in wild-type mice
• abnormal olfactory neuron morphology (MGI Ref ID J:36694)
  • olfactory axons exhibit abnormal projections in the dorsocaudal olfactory bulb and, unlike in wild-type mice most axons do not terminate in discrete glomeruli
• immune system phenotype
• increased interferon-gamma secretion (MGI Ref ID J:123416)
  • stimulated CD4+ T cells secrete more IFN-gamma than wild-type mice
• increased interleukin-2 secretion (MGI Ref ID J:123416)
  • stimulated CD4+ T cells secrete more IL-2 than wild-type mice
• increased susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (MGI Ref ID J:123416)
  • when treated to induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, mice exhibit a more severe disease, vigorous splenocyte proliferation, IL-17 and IFN-gamma production and a greater accumulation of MOG35-55-specific TH1 and TH-17 cells compared to in similarly treated wild-type mice
• muscle phenotype
• delayed muscle development (MGI Ref ID J:119480)
  • mice exhibit a delay in muscle development beginning at day 1 through day 7
• touch/vibrissae phenotype
• increased thermal nociceptive threshold (MGI Ref ID J:101850)
• behavior/neurological phenotype
• increased thermal nociceptive threshold (MGI Ref ID J:101850)

Lgals1^tm1Rob/Lgals1^tm1Rob

        involves: 129S/SvEv * 129S1/SvImJ * DBA/2J

• immune system phenotype
• abnormal cytokine secretion (MGI Ref ID J:130208)
  • following treatment with dydrogesterone, uterine support cells exhibit an increase in TH1 to TH2 cytokine ratio compared to wild-type mice
• reproductive system phenotype
• *normal* reproductive system phenotype (MGI Ref ID J:130208)
  • mice exhibit more fetal loss than in wild-type mice without altered number of implantation sites or litter size

View Research Applications

Research Applications

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Developmental Biology Research
Neurodevelopmental Defects

Neurobiology Research
Neurodevelopmental Defects

Sensorineural Research
Nociception

Genes & Alleles

Gene & Allele Information

Allele Symbol		Lgals1tm1Rob
Allele Name		targeted mutation 1, Elizabeth J Robertson
Allele Type		Targeted (knock-out)
Common Name(s)		gal-1-; gal1-;
Mutation Made By		Richard Cummings,   University of Oklahoma
Strain of Origin		129S/SvEv-Gpi1
ES Cell Line Name		CCE/EK.CCE
ES Cell Line Strain		129S/SvEv-Gpi1
Gene Symbol and Name		Lgals1, lectin, galactose binding, soluble 1
Chromosome		15
Gene Common Name(s)		AA410090; DKFZp686E23103; GAL1; GBP; Gal-1; Galbp; L14; Lect14; beta galactoside binding protein; expressed sequence AA410090; galectin-1; lactose binding soluble lectin, 14 kDa;
Molecular Note		Exon 2, encoding the carbohydrate-binding domain, was replaced with a neomycin selection cassette. Western blot analysis and immunostaining of sections showed an absence of encoded protein in muscle tissue obtained from adult homozygous mutant mice. [MGI Ref ID J:16245]

Genotyping

Genotyping Information

Genotyping Protocols

Lgals1^tm1Rob, Standard PCR

Helpful Links

Genotyping resources and troubleshooting

References

References

Selected Reference(s)

Poirier F; Robertson EJ. 1993. Normal development of mice carrying a null mutation in the gene encoding the L14 S-type lectin. Development 119(4):1229-36. [PubMed: 8306885]  [MGI Ref ID J:16245]

Additional References

Lgals1^tm1Rob related

Barrionuevo P; Beigier-Bompadre M; Ilarregui JM; Toscano MA; Bianco GA; Isturiz MA; Rabinovich GA. 2007. A novel function for galectin-1 at the crossroad of innate and adaptive immunity: galectin-1 regulates monocyte/macrophage physiology through a nonapoptotic ERK-dependent pathway. J Immunol 178(1):436-45. [PubMed: 17182582]  [MGI Ref ID J:141926]

Blois SM; Ilarregui JM; Tometten M; Garcia M; Orsal AS; Cordo-Russo R; Toscano MA; Bianco GA; Kobelt P; Handjiski B; Tirado I; Markert UR; Klapp BF; Poirier F; Szekeres-Bartho J; Rabinovich GA; Arck PC. 2007. A pivotal role for galectin-1 in fetomaternal tolerance. Nat Med 13(12):1450-7. [PubMed: 18026113]  [MGI Ref ID J:130208]

Cao Z; Said N; Amin S; Wu HK; Bruce A; Garate M; Hsu DK; Kuwabara I; Liu FT; Panjwani N. 2002. Galectins-3 and -7, but not galectin-1, play a role in re-epithelialization of wounds. J Biol Chem 277(44):42299-305. [PubMed: 12194966]  [MGI Ref ID J:79889]

Case D; Irwin D; Ivester C; Harral J; Morris K; Imamura M; Roedersheimer M; Patterson A; Carr M; Hagen M; Saavedra M; Crossno J Jr; Young KA; Dempsey EC; Poirier F; West J; Majka S. 2007. Mice deficient in galectin-1 exhibit attenuated physiological responses to chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 292(1):L154-64. [PubMed: 16951131]  [MGI Ref ID J:141598]

Colnot C; Fowlis D; Ripoche MA; Bouchaert I; Poirier F. 1998. Embryonic implantation in galectin 1/galectin 3 double mutant mice. Dev Dyn 211(4):306-13. [PubMed: 9566950]  [MGI Ref ID J:47227]

Colnot C; Ripoche MA; Scaerou F; Foulis D; Poirier F. 1996. Galectins in mouse embryogenesis. Biochem Soc Trans 24(1):141-6. [PubMed: 8674632]  [MGI Ref ID J:31899]

Cooper D; Norling LV; Perretti M. 2008. Novel insights into the inhibitory effects of Galectin-1 on neutrophil recruitment under flow. J Leukoc Biol 83(6):1459-66. [PubMed: 18372340]  [MGI Ref ID J:136833]

Espeli M; Mancini SJ; Breton C; Poirier F; Schiff C. 2009. Impaired B-cell development at the pre-BII-cell stage in galectin-1-deficient mice due to inefficient pre-BII/stromal cell interactions. Blood 113(23):5878-86. [PubMed: 19329777]  [MGI Ref ID J:149365]

Garin MI; Chu CC; Golshayan D; Cernuda-Morollon E; Wait R; Lechler RI. 2007. Galectin-1: a key effector of regulation mediated by CD4+CD25+ T cells. Blood 109(5):2058-65. [PubMed: 17110462]  [MGI Ref ID J:145355]

Georgiadis V; Stewart HJ; Pollard HJ; Tavsanoglu Y; Prasad R; Horwood J; Deltour L; Goldring K; Poirier F; Lawrence-Watt DJ. 2007. Lack of galectin-1 results in defects in myoblast fusion and muscle regeneration. Dev Dyn 236(4):1014-1024. [PubMed: 17366633]  [MGI Ref ID J:119480]

Ilarregui JM; Croci DO; Bianco GA; Toscano MA; Salatino M; Vermeulen ME; Geffner JR; Rabinovich GA. 2009. Tolerogenic signals delivered by dendritic cells to T cells through a galectin-1-driven immunoregulatory circuit involving interleukin 27 and interleukin 10. Nat Immunol 10(9):981-91. [PubMed: 19668220]  [MGI Ref ID J:151758]

Jouault T; El Abed-El Behi M; Martinez-Esparza M; Breuilh L; Trinel PA; Chamaillard M; Trottein F; Poulain D. 2006. Specific recognition of Candida albicans by macrophages requires galectin-3 to discriminate Saccharomyces cerevisiae and needs association with TLR2 for signaling. J Immunol 177(7):4679-87. [PubMed: 16982907]  [MGI Ref ID J:139314]

Liu SD; Tomassian T; Bruhn KW; Miller JF; Poirier F; Miceli MC. 2009. Galectin-1 tunes TCR binding and signal transduction to regulate CD8 burst size. J Immunol 182(9):5283-95. [PubMed: 19380775]  [MGI Ref ID J:147951]

Liu SD; Whiting CC; Tomassian T; Pang M; Bissel SJ; Baum LG; Mossine VV; Poirier F; Huflejt ME; Miceli MC. 2008. Endogenous galectin-1 enforces class I-restricted TCR functional fate decisions in thymocytes. Blood 112(1):120-30. [PubMed: 18323414]  [MGI Ref ID J:137307]

McGraw J; Gaudet AD; Oschipok LW; Steeves JD; Poirier F; Tetzlaff W; Ramer MS. 2005. Altered primary afferent anatomy and reduced thermal sensitivity in mice lacking galectin-1. Pain 114(1-2):7-18. [PubMed: 15733626]  [MGI Ref ID J:101850]

McGraw J; McPhail LT; Oschipok LW; Horie H; Poirier F; Steeves JD; Ramer MS; Tetzlaff W. 2004. Galectin-1 in regenerating motoneurons. Eur J Neurosci 20(11):2872-80. [PubMed: 15579141]  [MGI Ref ID J:101280]

Moore GT; Brown SJ; Winterhalter AC; Lust M; Salvaris EJ; Selan C; Nandurkar HH; Desmond PV; Cowan PJ; d'Apice AJ. 2008. Glycosylation changes in hFUT1 transgenic mice increase TCR signaling and apoptosis resulting in thymocyte maturation arrest. Mol Immunol 45(8):2401-10. [PubMed: 18155296]  [MGI Ref ID J:138374]

Motran CC; Molinder KM; Liu SD; Poirier F; Miceli MC. 2008. Galectin-1 functions as a Th2 cytokine that selectively induces Th1 apoptosis and promotes Th2 function. Eur J Immunol 38(11):3015-27. [PubMed: 18991278]  [MGI Ref ID J:141406]

Plachta N; Annaheim C; Bissiere S; Lin S; Ruegg M; Hoving S; Muller D; Poirier F; Bibel M; Barde YA. 2007. Identification of a lectin causing the degeneration of neuronal processes using engineered embryonic stem cells. Nat Neurosci 10(6):712-9. [PubMed: 17486104]  [MGI Ref ID J:122104]

Puche AC; Poirier F; Hair M; Bartlett PF; Key B. 1996. Role of galectin-1 in the developing mouse olfactory system. Dev Biol 179(1):274-87. [PubMed: 8873770]  [MGI Ref ID J:36694]

Sakaguchi M; Shingo T; Shimazaki T; Okano HJ; Shiwa M; Ishibashi S; Oguro H; Ninomiya M; Kadoya T; Horie H; Shibuya A; Mizusawa H; Poirier F; Nakauchi H; Sawamoto K; Okano H. 2006. A carbohydrate-binding protein, Galectin-1, promotes proliferation of adult neural stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103(18):7112-7. [PubMed: 16636291]  [MGI Ref ID J:109590]

Shoji H; Deltour L; Nakamura T; Tajbakhsh S; Poirier F. 2009. Expression pattern and role of Galectin1 during early mouse myogenesis. Dev Growth Differ 51(7):607-15. [PubMed: 19712265]  [MGI Ref ID J:153078]

Thijssen VL; Postel R; Brandwijk RJ; Dings RP; Nesmelova I; Satijn S; Verhofstad N; Nakabeppu Y; Baum LG; Bakkers J; Mayo KH; Poirier F; Griffioen AW. 2006. Galectin-1 is essential in tumor angiogenesis and is a target for antiangiogenesis therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103(43):15975-80. [PubMed: 17043243]  [MGI Ref ID J:147258]

Toscano MA; Bianco GA; Ilarregui JM; Croci DO; Correale J; Hernandez JD; Zwirner NW; Poirier F; Riley EM; Baum LG; Rabinovich GA. 2007. Differential glycosylation of T(H)1, T(H)2 and T(H)-17 effector cells selectively regulates susceptibility to cell death. Nat Immunol 8(8):825-834. [PubMed: 17589510]  [MGI Ref ID J:123416]

Health & husbandry

Health & Colony Maintenance Information

Animal Health Reports

Room Number           AX11

Colony Maintenance

Breeding & Husbandry	When maintaining a live colony, these mice are bred as homozygotes.
Mating System	Homozygote x Homozygote         (Female x Male)   17-APR-08
Diet Information	LabDiet® 5K52/5K67

Purchasing information

Pricing, Supply Level & Notes, Controls, General Terms & Conditions

Pricing

Supply Details

Standard Supply

Repository-Live. A collection of over 1000 strains maintained as live colonies. Individual colonies are sized to meet current customer demand. Delivery for orders of 10 mice or less ranges on average from one to eight weeks; mice are generally shipped between four to six weeks of age with a maximum shipping age of approximately nine weeks. Colony sizes do not generally support stringent age specifications for large volumes of mice; however custom orders and larger quantities of mice are easily arranged. Estimated ship dates for all orders provided within two business days following order placement.

Supply Notes

Usually shipped between four and eight weeks of age. This strain is included in the Induced Mutant Resource Colony collection.

Control Information

	Control
	000664 C57BL/6J
Considerations for Choosing Controls
USA, Canada and Mexico - Control Pricing Information for Genetically Engineered Mutant Strains.
International - Control Pricing Information for Genetically Engineered Mutant Strains.

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Terms are granted by individual review and stated on the customer invoice(s) and account statement. These transactions are payable in U.S. currency within the granted terms. Payment for services, products, shipping containers, and shipping costs that are rendered are expected within the payment terms indicated on the invoice or stated by contract. Invoices and account balances in arrears of stated terms may result in The Jackson Laboratory pursuing collection activities including but not limited to outside agencies and court filings.

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The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise

The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX^® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX^® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX^® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.

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Terms of Use

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For Licensing and Use Restrictions view the link(s) below:
- Strain(s) not available to companies or for-profit entities.

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phone:	207-288-6470
fax:	207-288-6655

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"MICE" means mouse strains, their progeny derived by inbreeding or crossbreeding, unmodified derivatives from mouse strains or their progeny supplied by The Jackson Laboratory ("JACKSON"). "PRODUCTS" means biological materials supplied by JACKSON, and their derivatives. "RECIPIENT" means each recipient of MICE, PRODUCTS, or services provided by JACKSON including each institution, its employees and other researchers under its control. MICE or PRODUCTS shall not be: (i) used for any purpose other than the internal research, (ii) sold or otherwise provided to any third party for any use, or (iii) provided to any agent or other third party to provide breeding or other services. Acceptance of MICE or PRODUCTS from JACKSON shall be deemed as agreement by RECIPIENT to these conditions, and departure from these conditions requires JACKSON's prior written authorization.

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