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Strain Name:

B6.129S2(C)-Il8rbtm1Mwm/J

Stock Number:

006848

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General Terms and Conditions

Genes & Alleles   Il8rb;   Il8rbtm1Mwm;

Product Information

Strain Details

Type JAX® GEMM® Strain - Congenic
Additional information on JAX® GEMM® Strains.
Type JAX® GEMM® Strain - Mutant Strain
Type JAX® GEMM® Strain - Targeted Mutation
Mating System+/+ sibling x Heterozygote         (Female x Male)
Specieslaboratory mouse
Donating Investigator Ann Richmond,   Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
GenerationN13+F1 (20-DEC-07)

Strain Description
The donating investigator reports that homozygous mice are viable and fertile but few pups are produced, and they need a gnotobiotic facility to thrive. Homozygous mice have several abnormalities, including neurological defects, impaired wound healing, impaired angiogenesis, and altered growth of induced/implanted tumors. Homozygotes may also exhibit splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and increased susceptibility to various pathogens due to impaired neutrophil recruitment and decreased pathogen clearance during innate immune responses. These mutant mice may be useful in studies of inflammation and immunology and cancer biology.

In an attempt to offer alleles on well-characterized or multiple genetic backgrounds, alleles are frequently moved to a genetic background different from that on which an allele was first characterized. It should be noted that the phenotype could vary from that originally described. We will modify the strain description if necessary as published results become available.

Strain Development
A targeting vector was designed to replace the single exon of the targeted gene with a PGK-neomycin resistance cassette. The construct was electroporated into the 129S2/SvPas-derived D3 embryonic stem (ES) cells, and correctly targeted ES cells were injected into C57BL/6J blastocysts. The resulting chimeric males were bred to C57BL/6J females to establish a mutant colony, and then backcrossed to BALB/c for many generations in the laboratory of Dr. Mark Moore at Genentech, Inc. Mice on this BALB/c congenic background (see Stock No. 002724) were sent to Dr. Robert Terkeltaub (Univ. of California, San Diego) where they were backcrossed for approximately 12 generations to C57BL/6, and thestrain was next sent to Dr. Ann Richmond (Vanderbilt University Medical Center), who provided the strain to The Jackson Laboratory.

Mammalian Phenotype Terms assigned by genotype

Il8rbtm1Mwm/Il8rbtm1Mwm

        B6.Cg-Il8rbtm1Mwm
  • tumorigenesis
  • altered tumor morphology (MGI Ref ID J:88233)
    • in homozygotes, heterotopic LLC tumors display increased tumor necrosis relative to wild-type controls
    • at 4 weeks, heterotopic LCC tumors from mutant mice exhibit reduced tumor angiogenesis but no differences on intratumor leukocyte infiltration relative to tumors from wild-type mice
    • decreased tumor growth/size (MGI Ref ID J:88233)
      • homozygotes exhibit inhibition of both heterotopic and orthotopic Lewis lung cancer (LLC) primary tumor growth over 4 weeks relative to wild-type
  • decreased metastatic potential (MGI Ref ID J:88233)
    • at 4 weeks, homozygotes show a significant reduction in spontaneous lung metastases of heterotopic LCC tumors relative to wild-type

The following phenotype information may relate to a genetic background differing from this JAX® Mice strain.

Il8rbtm1Mwm/Il8rb+

        C.129S2(B6)-Il8rbtm1Mwm/J
  • immune system phenotype
  • impaired neutrophil recruitment (MGI Ref ID J:63935)
    • heterozygotes subjected to excisional wounds exhibit a diminished neutrophil recruitment into the wound site
    • heterozygotes exhibit an intermediate myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity on postwound days 1 and 2 and an intermediate delay in neutrophil influx for postwound days 3-4 as compared with homozygotes or wild-type mice
    • strikingly, heterozygotes exhibit a delayed increase in neutrophil count compared with wild-type mice; moreover, MPO activity does not correlate with neutrophil number on postwound day 7
  • homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
  • delayed wound healing (MGI Ref ID J:63935)
    • heterozygotes exposed to excisional punch biopsy show a delayed cutaneous healing response that is intermediary relative to wild-type and homozygous mutant mice

Il8rbtm1Mwm/Il8rbtm1Mwm

        involves: 129S2/SvPas * C57BL/6J
  • hematopoietic system phenotype
  • *normal* hematopoietic system phenotype (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
    • despite myeloid hyperplasia of the marrow, homozygotes are not anemic, contain normal amounts of erythrocytes and hemoglobin, a normal hematocrit value, and do not display an increase in nucleated red blood cells
    • abnormal myelopoiesis (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
      • the presence of metamyelocytes, bands and neutrophils in normal ratios suggests that extramedullary myelopoiesis occurs in the liver, lymph node and spleen
      • abnormal granulocyte differentiation (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
        • ~25% of homozygotes display multiple foci of granulopoiesis in the periportal region of the liver
        • however, no signs of parenchymal infiltration, inflammation or hepatic damage are observed
    • abnormal spleen white pulp morphology (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
      • spenomegaly results from expansion of the splenic white pulp by proliferation of myeloid elements (metamyelocytes, bands and neutrophils) and megakaryocytes
    • enlarged spleen (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
      • at necropsy, all homozygotes display a 2-4-fold increase in spleen size relative to wild-type
      • in contrast, the thymus and all other organs remain grossly normal
    • increased B cell number (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
      • homozygotes display a ~10-fold increase in B cells relative to wild-type mice
    • increased neutrophil cell number (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
      • homozygotes show a ~12-fold increase in circulating neutrophils relative to wild-type
  • immune system phenotype
  • abnormal lymph node medulla (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
    • in lymph nodes, the medullary cords are expanded by multiple foci of myelopoiesis, Russell bodies, and plasma cells, compressing the adjacent medullary sinuses
  • abnormal myelopoiesis (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
    • the presence of metamyelocytes, bands and neutrophils in normal ratios suggests that extramedullary myelopoiesis occurs in the liver, lymph node and spleen
    • abnormal granulocyte differentiation (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
      • ~25% of homozygotes display multiple foci of granulopoiesis in the periportal region of the liver
      • however, no signs of parenchymal infiltration, inflammation or hepatic damage are observed
  • abnormal spleen white pulp morphology (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
    • spenomegaly results from expansion of the splenic white pulp by proliferation of myeloid elements (metamyelocytes, bands and neutrophils) and megakaryocytes
  • enlarged cervical lymph nodes (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
    • all homozygotes exhibit enlarged cervical lymph nodes (3- to 10-fold)
    • in contrast, mutant inguinal and popliteal lymph nodes appear grossly normal
  • enlarged lymph nodes (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
    • most mutant lymph nodes are enlarged; however, the degree of enlargement varies among individual mice
  • enlarged spleen (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
    • at necropsy, all homozygotes display a 2-4-fold increase in spleen size relative to wild-type
    • in contrast, the thymus and all other organs remain grossly normal
  • impaired neutrophil migration (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
    • mutant neutrophils show a normal locomotor function and are effective at intracellular and extracellular killing of bacteria
    • however, mutant neutrophils fail to chemotax in response to CXCL2 (MIP-2), and show impaired migration in response to thioglycollate injection; the number of mutant neutrophils that migrates to the peritoneum is one-fifth that of wild-type
  • increased B cell number (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
    • homozygotes display a ~10-fold increase in B cells relative to wild-type mice
  • increased circulating interleukin-6 level (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
    • homozygotes display significantly high serum levels of IL-6 (average of 4.8 ng/ml) relative to wild-type mice (below 0.1 ng/ml)
  • increased neutrophil cell number (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
    • homozygotes show a ~12-fold increase in circulating neutrophils relative to wild-type
  • skeleton phenotype
  • abnormal bone marrow morphology (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
    • in homozygotes, the femur and tibia exhibit a grossly white marrow as opposed to the normal red marrow found in wild-type
    • homozygotes show a significant increase in bone marrow cellularity composed of the normal myeloid maturation series; the erythroid series remains unchanged
  • homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
  • increased circulating interleukin-6 level (MGI Ref ID J:19570)
    • homozygotes display significantly high serum levels of IL-6 (average of 4.8 ng/ml) relative to wild-type mice (below 0.1 ng/ml)

Il8rbtm1Mwm/Il8rbtm1Mwm

        C.129S2(B6)-Il8rbtm1Mwm/J
  • life span-post-weaning/aging
  • abnormal induced morbidity/mortality (MGI Ref ID J:85647)
    • in a model of septic peritonitis provoked by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), homozygotes are significantly protected from CLP-induced tissue injury and mortality relative to wild-type mice
    • in this model, enhanced survival is associated with higher resting and CLP-induced levels of peritoneal CXCL10
  • immune system phenotype
  • abnormal chemokine level (MGI Ref ID J:73947)
    • after conidia challenge, whole lung levels of eotaxin/small chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 11 are significantly reduced in A. fumigatus-sensitized homozygotes relative to wild-type
  • abnormal cytokine secretion (MGI Ref ID J:72824)
    • homozygotes infected with Toxoplasma gondii show reduced production of proinflammatory cytokines, as shown by lowered TNF and IFN-gamma responses in spleen
  • abnormal interleukin level (MGI Ref ID J:73947)
    • after conidia challenge, whole lung levels of IL-4 and IL-5 are significantly reduced in A. fumigatus-sensitized homozygotes relative to wild-type
    • whole lung levels of IL-12 are reduced at all time points after conidia challenge; however, these differences become significant only at days 7 and 37 post-challenge
    • levels of both mRNA and IL-6 protein levels in HSV-infected corneas of mutant mice are higher (up to 100-fold) than those in wild-type infected corneas
  • abnormal leukocyte physiology (MGI Ref ID J:94170)
    • chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 5 (CXCL5; GCP-2) has little or no effect on resting wild-type or mutant lymphocytes
    • however, CXCL5 significantly increases the expression of CD28 by CD3epsilon-stimulated lymphocytes from wild-type but not from mutant mice
    • similar to the induction of CD28 expression, CXCL5 modestly increases the expression of CD80 and CD86 by B220+ B cells from wild-type but not from mutant mice costimulated by anti-CD3epsilon, mAb-treated T cells in culture
    • abnormal T cell physiology (MGI Ref ID J:73947)
      • after conidial challenge, A. fumigatus-sensitized homozygotes display impaired T cell, but not neutrophil, recruitment into the airways relative to wild-type
      • abnormal NK T cell physiology (MGI Ref ID J:66399)
        • after intraocular OVA inoculation, homozygotes show no accumulation of NKT cells in their spleens and are unable to generate Ag-specific T regulatory cells; peripheral tolerance is thus prevented
        • untreated homozygotes display reduced numbers of splenic NKT cells relative to wild-type mice, suggesting impaired development or basal trafficking of NKT cells to lymphoid organs
      • abnormal T-helper 1 physiology (MGI Ref ID J:73947)
        • A. fumigatus-sensitized homozygotes show significant increases in various Th1-associated chemokines and cytokines (IP-10/CXCL10, MIG/CXCL9, and IFN-gamma) at various times after conidia challenge
      • abnormal T-helper 2 physiology (MGI Ref ID J:73947)
        • unlike wild-type mice, A. fumigatus-sensitized homozygotes fail to exhibit a robust Th2 response after conidia challenge
    • abnormal eosinophil physiology (MGI Ref ID J:73947)
      • after conidial challenge, A. fumigatus-sensitized homozygotes exhibit impaired eosinophil recruitment into the airways relative to wild-type
    • abnormal neutrophil physiology (MGI Ref ID J:73947)
      • at day 3 after conidia challenge, A. fumigatus-sensitized mutants display increased neutrophil activation (based on MPO levels) relative to wild-type
      • surprisingly, neutrophil recruitment into the airways of sensitized mutants is comparable with that of sensitized wild-type mice
      • TNF-treated homozygotes retain normal levels of neutrophil arrest in inflamed venules relative to BALB/c wild-type mice; however, treatment with anti-E-selectin mAb reduces neutrophil adhesion to approximately baseline levels
      • impaired neutrophil migration (MGI Ref ID J:65905)
        • in response to infection with uropathogenic E. coli, mutant neutrophils fail to cross the epithelial barrier, accumulate in the tissues, and eventually cause renal scarring
        • mutant neutrophils fail to migrate into the peritoneal cavity during early infection with Toxoplasma gondii; tachyzoite numbers are increased and PMN influx remains defective 36 h post-infection
      • impaired neutrophil recruitment (MGI Ref ID J:63935)
        • homozygotes subjected to excisional wounds exhibit a significantly diminished neutrophil recruitment into the wound site, as shown by both myeloperoxidase assay and cell count
        • in response to intravesical inoculation with E. coli, homozygotes display delayed neutrophil recruitment and subepithelial neutrophil accumulation during the first 7 days post-infection; neutrophils fail to cross the epithelium into the urine and neutrophil numbers excreted into the urine remain low at all times
        • in response to infection with Pneumocystis sp., homozygotes exhibit a significantly reduced accumulation of neutrophils in the alveolar compartments (only 5-10% of wild-type); however, no major differences in pulmonary pathology are observed
    • increased IgE level (MGI Ref ID J:73947)
      • A. fumigatus-sensitized homozygotes show significantly increased serum levels of IgE at days 7 and 37 after conidia, but not at any other times during the course of chronic fungal asthma
      • notably, IgG1 levels remain unaffected at all times after conidia challenge
  • decreased susceptibility to fungal infection (MGI Ref ID J:73947)
    • homozygotes sensitized to soluble A. fumigatus antigens are not susceptible to the lethal effects of a conidia challenge
    • in contrast to wild-type, A. fumigatus-sensitized homozygotes fail to exhibit persistent airway signs of chronic fungal asthma
    • no peribronchial inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, or fungal overgrowth is observed
  • increased susceptibility to bacterial infection (MGI Ref ID J:65905)
    • in response to infection with uropathogenic E. coli, homozygotes show an intact initial chemokine production, but display a diffuse CXCL2 (MIP-2) distribution at later time points
    • at 7 days post-infection, homozygotes show impaired clearance of bacteria and acute pyelonephritic changes (i.e. edema, increased renal size, hyperemia, neutrophil influx, and abscess formation); some animals die of systemic infection
    • at 35 days post-infection, kidneys of surviving mutants are pale and show parenchymal thinning, loss of cortical tissue, abscesses, fibrosis and diffuse inflammatory infiltrates
  • increased susceptibility to parasitic infection (MGI Ref ID J:72824)
    • homozygotes exhibit an increased susceptibility to infection with Toxoplasma gondii, associated with rapid tachyzoite infection and replication
    • at 30 days post-infection, mutant brains harbor ~5-fold greater cyst numbers than wild-type infected mice
  • increased susceptibility to viral infection (MGI Ref ID J:87365)
    • homozygotes are more susceptible to HSV-induced ocular lesions, show impaired viral clearance, and develop severe herpetic stromal keratitis upon exposure to a dose of HSV that is minimally pathogenic to BALB/c wild-type mice
  • respiratory system phenotype
  • abnormal airway responsiveness (MGI Ref ID J:73947)
    • at days 3 and 7 after conidia challenge, A. fumigatus-sensitized homozygotes show significantly increased methacholine-induced airway hyperreactivity than wild-type mice
    • in contrast, mutants display significantly reduced airway hyperresponsiveness than wild-type mice at days 14 and 37 after conidia
    • decreased airway responsiveness (MGI Ref ID J:82293)
      • unlike wild-type mice, homozygotes fail to develop respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced airway hyperresponsiveness after a methacholine challenge at all time points tested
  • abnormal respiratory mucosa goblet cell morphology (MGI Ref ID J:82293)
    • RSV-infected homozygotes display reduced goblet cell hyperplasia and a notable suppression in mucus production (based on decreased PAS+ staining and mucus in the BALF) relative to RSV-infected wild-type mice
  • vision/eye phenotype
  • corneal vascularization (MGI Ref ID J:87365)
    • in HSV-infected corneas of mutant mice, abnormal IL-6 response is associated with enhanced corneal neovascularization (VEGFA induction)
  • nervous system phenotype
  • abnormal myelination (MGI Ref ID J:78470)
    • in wild-type mice, myelin is distributed uniformly throughout the developing spinal cord white matter; in contrast, in mutants, myelin is concentrated at the periphery and deeper regions of white matter contain few myelin sheaths
  • abnormal spinal cord morphology (MGI Ref ID J:78470)
    • in homozygotes, developing spinal cords contain reduced oligodendrocytes, abnormally localized at the periphery
  • decreased oligodendrocyte progenitor number (MGI Ref ID J:78470)
    • at P7, homozygotes exhibit fewer differentiated spinal cord oligodendrocytes, despite normal migration to the ventral presumptive white matter
    • the remaining oligodendrocytes are abnormally displaced to the pial surface of the spinal cord
    • reduced oligodendrocyte number is associated with decreased precursor proliferation in the white matter, and is partially compensated by decreased cell death
  • homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
  • abnormal interleukin level (MGI Ref ID J:73947)
    • after conidia challenge, whole lung levels of IL-4 and IL-5 are significantly reduced in A. fumigatus-sensitized homozygotes relative to wild-type
    • whole lung levels of IL-12 are reduced at all time points after conidia challenge; however, these differences become significant only at days 7 and 37 post-challenge
    • levels of both mRNA and IL-6 protein levels in HSV-infected corneas of mutant mice are higher (up to 100-fold) than those in wild-type infected corneas
  • delayed wound healing (MGI Ref ID J:63935)
    • homozygotes exposed to excisional punch biopsy show a delayed cutaneous healing response
    • mutants show impaired neovascularization, reduced neutrophil recruitment, abnormal monocyte recruitment, and decreased secretion of IL-1beta into the wound bed
    • also, primary cultures of mutant keratinocytes exhibit a delayed in vitro wound closure relative to wild-type, indicating a defective migration and proliferative response to wounding

Il8rbtm1Mwm/Il8rbtm1Mwm

        involves: 129S5/SvEvBrd * BALB/c
  • growth/size phenotype
  • decreased body size (MGI Ref ID J:113489)
    • female knockouts have slightly lower body weights than wild type
  • hematopoietic system phenotype
  • abnormal myelopoiesis (MGI Ref ID J:113489)
    • a marked increase in extramedullary myelopoiesis is observed compared to wild type
  • decreased thymus weight (MGI Ref ID J:113489)
    • male and female mice have slightly decreased thymus weights at 9 weeks
  • extramedullary hematopoiesis (MGI Ref ID J:113489)
    • a moderate increase is observed vs wild type
  • increased granulocyte number (MGI Ref ID J:113489)
    • marked increase in absolute neutrophilic granulocyte count is seen in females
  • increased spleen weight (MGI Ref ID J:113489)
    • a significant increase (~165 mg) in spleen weight is observed compared to wild type (95 mg)
  • immune system phenotype
  • abnormal lymph node cellularity (MGI Ref ID J:113489)
  • abnormal myelopoiesis (MGI Ref ID J:113489)
    • a marked increase in extramedullary myelopoiesis is observed compared to wild type
  • abnormal neutrophil physiology (MGI Ref ID J:113489)
    • intradermal injection of human or mouse chemokines does not induce accumulation of neutrophils in the skin, in contrast to wild type or knockin mice
  • decreased thymus weight (MGI Ref ID J:113489)
    • male and female mice have slightly decreased thymus weights at 9 weeks
  • increased granulocyte number (MGI Ref ID J:113489)
    • marked increase in absolute neutrophilic granulocyte count is seen in females
  • increased spleen weight (MGI Ref ID J:113489)
    • a significant increase (~165 mg) in spleen weight is observed compared to wild type (95 mg)
  • reproductive system phenotype
  • increased epididymis weight (MGI Ref ID J:113489)
    • males have slightly increased epididymis weight at 9 weeks
  • increased seminal gland weight (MGI Ref ID J:113489)
    • males show a moderate increase in seminal vesicle weight
  • renal/urinary system phenotype
  • increased kidney weight (MGI Ref ID J:113489)
    • mice show a slight increase in kidney weight
  • endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
  • increased seminal gland weight (MGI Ref ID J:113489)
    • males show a moderate increase in seminal vesicle weight

Gene & Allele Details

Allele Symbol Il8rbtm1Mwm
Allele Name targeted mutation 1, Mark Moore
Common Name(s) CXCR2 -; CXCR2-; Cmkar2tm1Mwm; Cmkartm1Mwm; mIL-8Rh KO; mIL-8Rh-;
Mutation Made By Mark Moore,   Deltagen
Strain of Origin129S2/SvPas
ES Cell Line NameD3
ES Cell Line Strain129S2/SvPas
Gene Symbol and Name Il8rb, interleukin 8 receptor, beta
Chromosome 1
Gene Common Name(s) CD128; CD182; CDw128b; CMKAR2; CXCR2; Cmkar2; G-protein coupled receptor 16; Gpcr16; IL-8Rh; IL-8rb; IL8R2; IL8RA; chemokine (C-X-C) receptor 2;
Molecular Note A neomycin selection cassette replaced the entire coding sequence of the gene. [MGI Ref ID J:19570]

Control Information

  Control
   Wild-type from the colony
   000664 C57BL/6J
 
  Considerations for Choosing Controls

Genotyping Protocols

Il8rbtm1Mwm

Colony Maintenance

Breeding & HusbandryWhen maintaining a live colony, these mice are bred as heterozyotes. The donating investigator breeds heterozygotes and wildtype siblings with the best results obtained in a germ free gnotobiotic environment.
Diet Information LabDiet® 5K52/5K67

Related Strains

Strains carrying   Il8rbtm1Mwm allele
002724   C.129S2(B6)-Il8rbtm1Mwm/J
View Strains carrying   Il8rbtm1Mwm     (1 strain)

Additional Web Information

Congenic Nomenclature

Animal Health Reports

Room Number           AX11

Research Applications

This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Cancer Research
Growth Factors/Receptors/Cytokines
Tumor Resistance

Hematological Research
Neutrophil Defects

Immunology and Inflammation Research
CD Antigens, Antigen Receptors, and Histocompatibility Markers (genes regulating susceptibility to infectious disease and endotoxin)
Growth Factors/Receptors/Cytokines
Inflammation (Neutrophil defects)

Internal/Organ Research
Wound Healing (delayed/impaired)

Research Tools
Cancer Research (anti-tumor activity)
Cancer Research (tumor immunology)
Immunology and Inflammation Research (genes regulating susceptibility to infectious disease and endotoxin)
Immunology and Inflammation Research

Il8rbtm1Mwm related

Cancer Research
Growth Factors/Receptors/Cytokines

Immunology and Inflammation Research
Growth Factors/Receptors/Cytokines

Internal/Organ Research
Spleen Defects

References

Selected Reference(s)

Keane MP; Belperio JA; Xue YY; Burdick MD; Strieter RM. 2004. Depletion of CXCR2 inhibits tumor growth and angiogenesis in a murine model of lung cancer. J Immunol 172(5):2853-60. [PubMed: 14978086]  [MGI Ref ID J:88233]

Additional References

Price and Supply Information

Strain Name: B6.129S2(C)-Il8rbtm1Mwm/J
Stock Number: 006848

Price Details

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Supply Details

Standard SupplyRepository-Live. A collection of over 1000 strains maintained as live colonies. Individual colonies are sized to meet current customer demand. Delivery for orders of 10 mice or less ranges on average from one to eight weeks; mice are generally shipped between four to six weeks of age with a maximum shipping age of ~nine weeks. Colony sizes do not generally support stringent age specifications for large volumes of mice; however custom orders and larger quantities of mice are easily arranged. Estimated ship dates for all orders provided within 48 hours of order placement.
Supply Notes Usually shipped between four and eight weeks of age.
This strain is included in the Induced Mutant Resource Colony collection.
LicensingSee General Terms and Conditions below  
Control InformationView Control Information in Strain Details.

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The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise

The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.
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