Strain Name:

NOD.Cg-Rag1tm1Mom Il2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ

Stock Number:

007799

Availability:

Repository- Live

Use Restrictions Apply, see Terms of Use
Common Names: NOD-Rag1<null> IL2rg<null>;     NRG;    
These NOD-Rag1null IL2rgnull double mutant mice may be useful for cell or tissue transplantation studies, particularly as a model for human lymphohematopoietic cell engraftment studies that require a radioresistant host.

Description

Strain Information

Type Congenic; Targeted Mutation;
Additional information on Genetically Engineered Mutant Mice.
Mating SystemSee Colony Maintenance
When maintaining a live colony, females homozygous for both the Rag1null and IL2rgnull mutations and bred with males homozygous for the Rag1null mutation and hemizygous for the X-linked IL2rgnull mutation.
Specieslaboratory mouse
GenerationN9+ (10-SEP-08)
 
Donating Investigator Leonard Shultz,   The Jackson Laboratory

Description
Females homozygous for both the Rag1null and IL2rgnull mutations (and males homozygous for Rag1null and hemizygous for the X-linked IL2rgnull mutation) are viable and fertile. When compared to NOD-scid IL2rgnull (Stock No. 005557), these NOD-Rag1null IL2rgnull mice tolerate much higher levels of irradiation conditioning. Additionally, NOD-Rag1null IL2rgnull mice support higher levels of both human cord blood stem cell engraftment following irradiation-conditioning (leading to multi-lineage hematopoietic cell populations and a complete repertoire of human immune cells, including human T cells) and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells engraftment in unconditioned adult mice with respect to NOD-Rag1null (Stock No. 003729) or NOD-scid (Stock No. 001303) mice. These NOD-Rag1null IL2rgnull double mutant mice may be useful for cell or tissue transplantation studies, particularly as a model for human lymphohematopoietic cell engraftment studies that require a radioresistant host.

Development
These mutant mice harbor the Rag1null (Rag1tm1Mom) mutation on chromosome 2 and the IL2rgnull (Il2rgtm1Wjl) mutation on the X chromosome. These NOD-Rag1null IL2rgnull double mutant mice were produced by breeding NOD-Rag1null (Stock No. 003729) mice with NOD-scid IL2rgnull (Stock No. 005557) mice. Offspring were intercrossed and bred to be homozygous for the Rag1null mutation, homozygous (for females; or hemizygous for males) for the X-linked IL2rgnull mutation, and wild-type for the scid mutation. The donating investigator reports that the genetic background is equivalent to approximately N9 prior to arrival at The Jackson Laboratory Repository.

Control Information

  Control
   003729 NOD.129S7(B6)-Rag1tm1Mom/J
   001976 NOD/ShiLtJ
 
  Considerations for Choosing Controls

Related Strains

Strains carrying   Il2rgtm1Wjl allele
003174   B6.129S4-Il2rgtm1Wjl/J
003169   C.129S4-Il2rgtm1Wjl/J
005557   NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid Il2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ
View Strains carrying   Il2rgtm1Wjl     (3 strains)

View Strains carrying   Rag1tm1Mom     (16 strains)

Strains carrying other alleles of Il2rg
002479   STOCK Il2rgtm1Cgn/J
View Strains carrying other alleles of Il2rg     (1 strain)

Strains carrying other alleles of Rag1
007790   B6;129P2-Rag1/Rag2tm1Mnz/J
002194   B6;CBA-Tg(CD3E)26Cpt/J
002506   STOCK Tg(CD3E)26Cpt-Rag1tm1Mom/J
View Strains carrying other alleles of Rag1     (3 strains)

Additional Web Information

Congenic Nomenclature

Phenotype

Phenotype Information

View Mammalian Phenotype Terms

Mammalian Phenotype Terms
      assigned by genotype

Il2rgtm1Wjl/Y Rag1tm1Mom/Rag1tm1Mom

        NOD.Cg-Rag1tm1Mom Il2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ
  • immune system phenotype
  • abnormal adaptive immunity (MGI Ref ID J:140388)
    • mature T and B cell populations are absent
    • there are diminished CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ T cells and Igk+ light chain+ B cells in the spleen
  • abnormal innate immunity (MGI Ref ID J:140388)
    • cells functioning in innate immunity are severely decreased in number
  • abnormal response to transplant (MGI Ref ID J:140388)
    • irradiated mice engrafted with human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) show much greater engraftment of human hematopoietic cells at 12 weeks than control NOD.129S7(B6)-Rag1tm1Mom homozygotes
    • percentages of human CD45+ cells engrafted in bone marrow are higher than in NOD.129S7(B6)-Rag1tm1Mom homozygotes
    • levels of human CD45+ cell and CD3+ T cell engraftment are higher in spleens than in NOD.129S7(B6)-Rag1tm1Mom mice
    • CD4:CD8 human T cell ratios that are close to normal physiological values and high levels of human B cells are observed in spleens of mice compared to NOD.129S7(B6)-Rag1tm1Mom mice
    • engraftment of human lymphohematopoietic cells in blood and thymus, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBC) engraftment are higher than in NOD.129S7(B6)-Rag1tm1Mom mice
  • abnormal spleen B cell follicle morphology (MGI Ref ID J:140388)
    • spleen contains no follicles (or germinal centers)
  • abnormal spleen cellularity (MGI Ref ID J:140388)
    • spleen contains mainly myeloid-like cells and few lymphoid cells
  • abnormal thymus morphology (MGI Ref ID J:140388)
    • thymus contains large cysts
    • abnormal thymus cellularity (MGI Ref ID J:140388)
      • no lymphoid cells are present
    • abnormal thymus lobule morphology (MGI Ref ID J:140388)
      • no defined cortical or medullary region is observed
  • absent NK T cells (MGI Ref ID J:140388)
    • natural killer cell (NK; DX5+LGL+ cells) are absent
  • decreased macrophage cell number (MGI Ref ID J:140388)
    • levels are Gr-1-ve Mac-1+ve macrophages are reduced
  • hematopoietic system phenotype
  • abnormal spleen B cell follicle morphology (MGI Ref ID J:140388)
    • spleen contains no follicles (or germinal centers)
  • abnormal spleen cellularity (MGI Ref ID J:140388)
    • spleen contains mainly myeloid-like cells and few lymphoid cells
  • abnormal thymus morphology (MGI Ref ID J:140388)
    • thymus contains large cysts
    • abnormal thymus cellularity (MGI Ref ID J:140388)
      • no lymphoid cells are present
    • abnormal thymus lobule morphology (MGI Ref ID J:140388)
      • no defined cortical or medullary region is observed
  • absent NK T cells (MGI Ref ID J:140388)
    • natural killer cell (NK; DX5+LGL+ cells) are absent
  • decreased macrophage cell number (MGI Ref ID J:140388)
    • levels are Gr-1-ve Mac-1+ve macrophages are reduced
  • cellular phenotype
  • increased cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation (MGI Ref ID J:140388)
    • mice are more sensitive to radiation than NOD.CB17-Prkdcscid mice
    • 50% lethality is observed at 41 days after a dose of 700 cGy radiation, but with a 650 cGy dose, all treated mice survive to at least 8 weeks post-irradiation
View Research Applications

Research Applications
This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Cancer Research
Toxicology (B and T cell deficiency) (xenograft/transplant host)
Toxicology (xenograft/transplant host)

Immunology and Inflammation Research
T Cell Receptor Signaling Defects (B and T cell deficiency) (xenograft/transplant host)

Research Tools
Cancer Research (B, T, and NK cell deficiency) (xenograft/transplant host)
Cancer Research (xenograft/transplant host)
Immunology and Inflammation Research (T cell deficiency) (xenograft/transplant host)
Toxicology Research (B and T cell deficiency) (xenograft transplant host)
Toxicology Research (xenograft/transplant host)

Il2rgtm1Wjl related

Cancer Research
Growth Factors/Receptors/Cytokines

Immunology and Inflammation Research
Growth Factors/Receptors/Cytokines

Rag1tm1Mom related

Cancer Research
Toxicology (B and T cell deficiency) (xenograft/transplant host)

Hematological Research
Immunological Defects (B and T cell deficiency)

Immunology and Inflammation Research
Immunodeficiency (B and T cell deficiency)
Inflammation (B and T cell deficiency)
T Cell Receptor Signaling Defects (B and T cell deficiency)

Internal/Organ Research
Lymphoid Tissue Defects (B and T cell deficiency)

Research Tools
Cancer Research (B and T cell deficiency) (xenograft/transplant host)
Toxicology Research (xenograft/transplant host)

Genes & Alleles

Gene & Allele Information

Allele Symbol Il2rgtm1Wjl
Allele Name targeted mutation 1, Warren J Leonard
Allele Type Targeted (knock-out)
Common Name(s) CD132-; IL2Rgammanull; [KO]gammac; gammac-;
Mutation Made By Warren Leonard,   NHLBI, NIH
Strain of Origin129S4/SvJae
ES Cell Line NameJ1
ES Cell Line Strain129S4/SvJae
Gene Symbol and Name Il2rg, interleukin 2 receptor, gamma chain
Chromosome X
Gene Common Name(s) Ab2-183; CD132; IMD4; SCIDX; SCIDX1; [g]c; common cytokine receptor gamma chain; common gamma chain; gamma C receptor; gamma(c);
Molecular Note A neomycin resistance cassette replaced part of exon 3 and all of exons 4 - 8 of the gene, resulting in the loss of most of the extracellular domain and all of the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of the protein. [MGI Ref ID J:24117]
 
Allele Symbol Rag1tm1Mom
Allele Name targeted mutation 1, Peter Mombaerts
Allele Type Targeted (knock-out)
Common Name(s) RAG-1-; RAG1null; Rag-; Rag-1KO; Rag1-;
Mutation Made By Peter Mombaerts,   Max Planck Institute of Biophysics
Strain of Origin129S7/SvEvBrd-Hprt1<+>
ES Cell Line NameAB1
ES Cell Line Strain129S7/SvEvBrd-Hprt1<+>
Gene Symbol and Name Rag1, recombination activating gene 1
Chromosome 2
Gene Common Name(s) MGC43321; RNF74; Rag-1;
Molecular Note A 1356 bp genomic fragment of the Rag1 gene, encoding the nuclear localization signal and the zinc-finger motif, was replaced by a neomycin cassette. A mutant transcript expressed from this allele was detected by Northern blot in bone marrow derived cell lines from homozygous mice. [MGI Ref ID J:1934] [MGI Ref ID J:96036]

Genotyping

Genotyping Information

This strain will not have a genotyping protocol or one is not currently available.

Helpful Links

Optimizing PCR Protocols

References

References

Selected Reference(s)

Pearson T; Shultz LD; Miller D; King M; Laning J; Fodor W; Cuthbert A; Burzenski L; Gott B; Lyons B; Foreman O; Rossini AA; Greiner DL. 2008. Non-obese diabetic-recombination activating gene-1 (NOD-Rag1 null) interleukin (IL)-2 receptor common gamma chain (IL2r gamma null) null mice: a radioresistant model for human lymphohaematopoietic engraftment. Clin Exp Immunol 154(2):270-84. [PubMed: 18785974]  [MGI Ref ID J:140388]

Additional References

Cao X; Shores EW; Hu-Li J; Anver MR; Kelsall BL; Russell SM; Drago J; Noguchi M; Grinberg A; Bloom ET; Paul WE; Katz SI; Love PE; Leonard WJ. 1995. Defective lymphoid development in mice lacking expression of the common cytokine receptor gamma chain. Immunity 2(3):223-38. [PubMed: 7697543]  [MGI Ref ID J:24117]

Mombaerts P; Iacomini J; Johnson RS; Herrup K; Tonegawa S; Papaioannou VE. 1992. RAG-1-deficient mice have no mature B and T lymphocytes. Cell 68(5):869-77. [PubMed: 1547488]  [MGI Ref ID J:1934]

Il2rgtm1Wjl related

Al-Shami A; Spolski R; Kelly J; Fry T; Schwartzberg PL; Pandey A; Mackall CL; Leonard WJ. 2004. A role for thymic stromal lymphopoietin in CD4(+) T cell development. J Exp Med 200(2):159-68. [PubMed: 15263024]  [MGI Ref ID J:108209]

Ashkar AA; Black GP; Wei Q; He H; Liang L; Head JR; Croy BA. 2003. Assessment of requirements for IL-15 and IFN regulatory factors in uterine NK cell differentiation and function during pregnancy. J Immunol 171(6):2937-44. [PubMed: 12960317]  [MGI Ref ID J:85375]

Bayer AL; Lee JY; de la Barrera A; Surh CD; Malek TR. 2008. A function for IL-7R for CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T regulatory cells. J Immunol 181(1):225-34. [PubMed: 18566388]  [MGI Ref ID J:137409]

Bueno C; Lopes LF; Greaves M; Menendez P. 2007. Toward development of a novel NOD/SCID-based in vivo strategy to model multiple myeloma pathogenesis. Exp Hematol 35(10):1477-8. [PubMed: 17681665]  [MGI Ref ID J:126691]

Cao X; Shores EW; Hu-Li J; Anver MR; Kelsall BL; Russell SM; Drago J; Noguchi M; Grinberg A; Bloom ET; Paul WE; Katz SI; Love PE; Leonard WJ. 1995. Defective lymphoid development in mice lacking expression of the common cytokine receptor gamma chain. Immunity 2(3):223-38. [PubMed: 7697543]  [MGI Ref ID J:24117]

Cooper AB; Sawai CM; Sicinska E; Powers SE; Sicinski P; Clark MR; Aifantis I. 2006. A unique function for cyclin D3 in early B cell development. Nat Immunol 7(5):489-97. [PubMed: 16582912]  [MGI Ref ID J:112393]

Darabi R; Gehlbach K; Bachoo RM; Kamath S; Osawa M; Kamm KE; Kyba M; Perlingeiro RC. 2008. Functional skeletal muscle regeneration from differentiating embryonic stem cells. Nat Med 14(2):134-43. [PubMed: 18204461]  [MGI Ref ID J:133565]

Feng CG; Kaviratne M; Rothfuchs AG; Cheever A; Hieny S; Young HA; Wynn TA; Sher A. 2006. NK cell-derived IFN-gamma differentially regulates innate resistance and neutrophil response in T cell-deficient hosts infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Immunol 177(10):7086-93. [PubMed: 17082625]  [MGI Ref ID J:140483]

Fontenot JD; Rasmussen JP; Gavin MA; Rudensky AY. 2005. A function for interleukin 2 in Foxp3-expressing regulatory T cells. Nat Immunol 6(11):1142-51. [PubMed: 16227984]  [MGI Ref ID J:112602]

Gill N; Rosenthal KL; Ashkar AA. 2005. NK and NKT cell-independent contribution of interleukin-15 to innate protection against mucosal viral infection. J Virol 79(7):4470-8. [PubMed: 15767447]  [MGI Ref ID J:97038]

Guimond M; Leonard WJ; Spolski R; Rossi SW; Veenstra RG; Hollander GA; Mackall CL; Blazar BR. 2008. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin is not necessary or sufficient to mediate the thymopoietic effects of keratinocyte growth factor. Blood 111(2):969-70. [PubMed: 18182587]  [MGI Ref ID J:130979]

Gurish MF; Tao H; Abonia JP; Arya A; Friend DS; Parker CM; Austen KF. 2001. Intestinal mast cell progenitors require CD49dbeta7 (alpha4beta7 integrin) for tissue-specific homing. J Exp Med 194(9):1243-52. [PubMed: 11696590]  [MGI Ref ID J:119138]

Kelly J; Spolski R; Imada K; Bollenbacher J; Lee S; Leonard WJ. 2003. A role for stat5 in CD8(+) T cell homeostasis. J Immunol 170(1):210-7. [PubMed: 12496402]  [MGI Ref ID J:80897]

Krueger A; von Boehmer H. 2007. Identification of a T lineage-committed progenitor in adult blood. Immunity 26(1):105-16. [PubMed: 17222572]  [MGI Ref ID J:118201]

Lu L; Ikizawa K; Hu D; Werneck MB; Wucherpfennig KW; Cantor H. 2007. Regulation of activated CD4+ T cells by NK cells via the Qa-1-NKG2A inhibitory pathway. Immunity 26(5):593-604. [PubMed: 17509909]  [MGI Ref ID J:123555]

Ma S; Turetsky A; Trinh L; Lu R. 2006. IFN regulatory factor 4 and 8 promote Ig light chain kappa locus activation in pre-B cell development. J Immunol 177(11):7898-904. [PubMed: 17114461]  [MGI Ref ID J:140693]

Masse GX; Corcuff E; Decaluwe H; Bommhardt U; Lantz O; Buer J; Di Santo JP. 2007. gamma(c) cytokines provide multiple homeostatic signals to naive CD4(+) T cells. Eur J Immunol 37(9):2606-16. [PubMed: 17683114]  [MGI Ref ID J:124346]

Mintern JD; Maurice MM; Ploegh HL; Schott E. 2004. Thymic selection and peripheral activation of CD8 T cells by the same class I MHC/peptide complex. J Immunol 172(1):699-708. [PubMed: 14688383]  [MGI Ref ID J:87075]

Morris SC; Orekhova T; Meadows MJ; Heidorn SM; Yang J; Finkelman FD. 2006. IL-4 induces in vivo production of IFN-gamma by NK and NKT cells. J Immunol 176(9):5299-305. [PubMed: 16621996]  [MGI Ref ID J:131660]

Mukai K; Matsuoka K; Taya C; Suzuki H; Yokozeki H; Nishioka K; Hirokawa K; Etori M; Yamashita M; Kubota T; Minegishi Y; Yonekawa H; Karasuyama H. 2005. Basophils play a critical role in the development of IgE-mediated chronic allergic inflammation independently of T cells and mast cells. Immunity 23(2):191-202. [PubMed: 16111637]  [MGI Ref ID J:100537]

Nakajima H; Leonard WJ. 1997. Impaired peripheral deletion of activated T cells in mice lacking the common cytokine receptor gamma-chain: defective Fas ligand expression in gamma-chain-deficient mice. J Immunol 159(10):4737-44. [PubMed: 9366397]  [MGI Ref ID J:43962]

Nakajima H; Shores EW; Noguchi M; Leonard WJ. 1997. The common cytokine receptor gamma chain plays an essential role in regulating lymphoid homeostasis. J Exp Med 185(2):189-95. [PubMed: 9016868]  [MGI Ref ID J:107159]

O'Leary JG; Goodarzi M; Drayton DL; von Andrian UH. 2006. T cell- and B cell-independent adaptive immunity mediated by natural killer cells. Nat Immunol 7(5):507-16. [PubMed: 16617337]  [MGI Ref ID J:112596]

Ohteki T; Suzue K; Maki C; Ota T; Koyasu S. 2001. Critical role of IL-15-IL-15R for antigen-presenting cell functions in the innate immune response. Nat Immunol 2(12):1138-43. [PubMed: 11702064]  [MGI Ref ID J:125660]

Pearson T; Shultz LD; Lief J; Burzenski L; Gott B; Chase T; Foreman O; Rossini AA; Bottino R; Trucco M; Greiner DL. 2008. A new immunodeficient hyperglycaemic mouse model based on the Ins2 ( Akita ) mutation for analyses of human islet and beta stem and progenitor cell function. Diabetologia 51(8):1449-56. [PubMed: 18563383]  [MGI Ref ID J:138005]

Porcellini S; Traggiai E; Schenk U; Ferrera D; Matteoli M; Lanzavecchia A; Michalak M; Grassi F. 2006. Regulation of peripheral T cell activation by calreticulin. J Exp Med 203(2):461-71. [PubMed: 16492806]  [MGI Ref ID J:119147]

Porter BO; Malek TR. 1999. IL-2Rbeta/IL-7Ralpha doubly deficient mice recapitulate the thymic and intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) developmental defects of gammac-/- mice: roles for both IL-2 and IL-15 in CD8alphaalpha IEL development. J Immunol 163(11):5906-12. [PubMed: 10570276]  [MGI Ref ID J:58655]

Ramsey C; Rubinstein MP; Kim DM; Cho JH; Sprent J; Surh CD. 2008. The lymphopenic environment of CD132 (common gamma-chain)-deficient hosts elicits rapid homeostatic proliferation of naive T cells via IL-15. J Immunol 180(8):5320-6. [PubMed: 18390713]  [MGI Ref ID J:134238]

Rosenberger CM; Clark AE; Treuting PM; Johnson CD; Aderem A. 2008. ATF3 regulates MCMV infection in mice by modulating IFN-gamma expression in natural killer cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105(7):2544-9. [PubMed: 18268321]  [MGI Ref ID J:132172]

Rothfuchs AG; Trumstedt C; Wigzell H; Rottenberg ME. 2004. Intracellular bacterial infection-induced IFN-gamma is critically but not solely dependent on Toll-like receptor 4-myeloid differentiation factor 88-IFN-alpha beta-STAT1 signaling. J Immunol 172(10):6345-53. [PubMed: 15128825]  [MGI Ref ID J:89856]

Shultz LD; Lyons BL; Burzenski LM; Gott B; Chen X; Chaleff S; Kotb M; Gillies SD; King M; Mangada J; Greiner DL; Handgretinger R. 2005. Human lymphoid and myeloid cell development in NOD/LtSz-scid IL2R gamma null mice engrafted with mobilized human hemopoietic stem cells. J Immunol 174(10):6477-89. [PubMed: 15879151]  [MGI Ref ID J:109833]

Suzuki K; Nakajima H; Saito Y; Saito T; Leonard WJ; Iwamoto I. 2000. Janus kinase 3 (Jak3) is essential for common cytokine receptor gamma chain (gamma(c))-dependent signaling: comparative analysis of gamma(c), Jak3, and gamma(c) and Jak3 double-deficient mice. Int Immunol 12(2):123-32. [PubMed: 10653847]  [MGI Ref ID J:60418]

Taylor RT; Lugering A; Newell KA; Williams IR. 2004. Intestinal cryptopatch formation in mice requires lymphotoxin alpha and the lymphotoxin beta receptor. J Immunol 173(12):7183-9. [PubMed: 15585839]  [MGI Ref ID J:94865]

Tolar J; Wang X; Braunlin E; McElmurry RT; Nakamura Y; Bell S; Xia L; Zhang J; Hu Q; Panoskaltsis-Mortari A; Zhang J; Blazar BR. 2007. The host immune response is essential for the beneficial effect of adult stem cells after myocardial ischemia. Exp Hematol 35(4):682-90. [PubMed: 17379078]  [MGI Ref ID J:123112]

Veinotte LL; Halim TY; Takei F. 2008. Unique subset of natural killer cells develops from progenitors in lymph node. Blood 111(8):4201-8. [PubMed: 18227350]  [MGI Ref ID J:134359]

Wei C; Zeff R; Goldschneider I. 2000. Murine pro-B cells require IL-7 and its receptor complex to up-regulate IL-7R alpha, terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase, and c mu expression. J Immunol 164(4):1961-70. [PubMed: 10657646]  [MGI Ref ID J:60331]

Yamaoka K; Min B; Zhou YJ; Paul WE; O'shea JJ. 2005. Jak3 negatively regulates dendritic-cell cytokine production and survival. Blood 106(9):3227-33. [PubMed: 16020505]  [MGI Ref ID J:123902]

Yu G; Xu X; Vu MD; Kilpatrick ED; Li XC. 2006. NK cells promote transplant tolerance by killing donor antigen-presenting cells. J Exp Med 203(8):1851-8. [PubMed: 16864660]  [MGI Ref ID J:124395]

Rag1tm1Mom related

Ahn S; Lee G; Yang SJ; Lee D; Lee S; Shin HS; Kim MC; Lee KN; Palmer DC; Theoret MR; Jenkinson EJ; Anderson G; Restifo NP; Kim MG. 2008. TSCOT+ thymic epithelial cell-mediated sensitive CD4 tolerance by direct presentation. PLoS Biol 6(8):e191. [PubMed: 18684012]  [MGI Ref ID J:140121]

Ait-Azzouzene D; Verkoczy L; Peters J; Gavin A; Skog P; Vela JL; Nemazee D. 2005. An immunoglobulin C{kappa}-reactive single chain antibody fusion protein induces tolerance through receptor editing in a normal polyclonal immune system. J Exp Med 201(5):817-28. [PubMed: 15738053]  [MGI Ref ID J:96759]

Alugupalli KR; Gerstein RM; Chen J; Szomolanyi-Tsuda E; Woodland RT; Leong JM. 2003. The resolution of relapsing fever borreliosis requires IgM and is concurrent with expansion of B1b lymphocytes. J Immunol 170(7):3819-27. [PubMed: 12646649]  [MGI Ref ID J:125443]

Alugupalli KR; Leong JM; Woodland RT; Muramatsu M; Honjo T; Gerstein RM. 2004. B1b lymphocytes confer T cell-independent long-lasting immunity. Immunity 21(3):379-90. [PubMed: 15357949]  [MGI Ref ID J:93752]

Anderson MG; Nair KS; Amonoo LA; Mehalow A; Trantow CM; Masli S; John SW. 2008. GpnmbR150X allele must be present in bone marrow derived cells to mediate DBA/2J glaucoma. BMC Genet 9:30. [PubMed: 18402690]  [MGI Ref ID J:134670]

Anginot A; Dacquin R; Mazzorana M; Jurdic P. 2007. Lymphocytes and the Dap12 adaptor are key regulators of osteoclast activation associated with gonadal failure. PLoS ONE 2(7):e585. [PubMed: 17611620]  [MGI Ref ID J:129304]

Antony PA; Piccirillo CA; Akpinarli A; Finkelstein SE; Speiss PJ; Surman DR; Palmer DC; Chan CC; Klebanoff CA; Overwijk WW; Rosenberg SA; Restifo NP. 2005. CD8+ T cell immunity against a tumor/self-antigen is augmented by CD4+ T helper cells and hindered by naturally occurring T regulatory cells. J Immunol 174(5):2591-601. [PubMed: 15728465]  [MGI Ref ID J:129825]

Aurora AB; Baluk P; Zhang D; Sidhu SS; Dolganov GM; Basbaum C; McDonald DM; Killeen N. 2005. Immune complex-dependent remodeling of the airway vasculature in response to a chronic bacterial infection. J Immunol 175(10):6319-26. [PubMed: 16272283]  [MGI Ref ID J:119344]

Baccala R; Witherden D; Gonzalez-Quintial R; Dummer W; Surh CD; Havran WL; Theofilopoulos AN. 2005. Gamma delta T cell homeostasis is controlled by IL-7 and IL-15 together with subset-specific factors. J Immunol 174(8):4606-12. [PubMed: 15814683]  [MGI Ref ID J:98166]

Backhed F; Ding H; Wang T; Hooper LV; Koh GY; Nagy A; Semenkovich CF; Gordon JI. 2004. The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101(44):15718-23. [PubMed: 15505215]  [MGI Ref ID J:93455]

Bajou K; Peng H; Laug WE; Maillard C; Noel A; Foidart JM; Martial JA; DeClerck YA. 2008. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 protects endothelial cells from FasL-mediated apoptosis. Cancer Cell 14(4):324-34. [PubMed: 18835034]  [MGI Ref ID J:140088]

Banuelos SJ; Shultz LD; Greiner DL; Burzenski LM; Gott B; Lyons BL; Rossini AA; Appel MC. 2004. Rejection of human islets and human HLA-A2.1 transgenic mouse islets by alloreactive human lymphocytes in immunodeficient NOD-scid and NOD-Rag1(null)Prf1(null) mice. Clin Immunol 112(3):273-83. [PubMed: 15308121]  [MGI Ref ID J:91764]

Barjaktarevic I; Rahman A; Radoja S; Bogunovic B; Vollmer A; Vukmanovic S; Maric M. 2006. Inhibitory role of IFN-gamma-inducible lysosomal thiol reductase in T cell activation. J Immunol 177(7):4369-75. [PubMed: 16982871]  [MGI Ref ID J:139329]

Beilke JN; Kuhl NR; Van Kaer L; Gill RG. 2005. NK cells promote islet allograft tolerance via a perforin-dependent mechanism. Nat Med 11(10):1059-65. [PubMed: 16155578]  [MGI Ref ID J:101693]

Belkaid Y; Von Stebut E; Mendez S; Lira R; Caler E; Bertholet S; Udey MC; Sacks D. 2002. CD8+ T cells are required for primary immunity in C57BL/6 mice following low-dose, intradermal challenge with Leishmania major. J Immunol 168(8):3992-4000. [PubMed: 11937556]  [MGI Ref ID J:125458]

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