Strain Name:

WCB6F1/J KitlSl KitlSl-d

Stock Number:

100401

Availability:

Repository- Live

Description

Strain Information

Former Names WCB6F1/J-KitlSl/KitlSl-d    (Changed: 23-FEB-06 )
Type Mutant Stock; Spontaneous Mutation;
Additional information on Genetically Engineered and Mutant Mice.
Type *F1 Hybrid;
Additional information on Hybrid Strains.
Visit our online Nomenclature tutorial.
Specieslaboratory mouse

Appearance
black eyed, white coat, affected
Related Genotype: a/a KitlSl/KitlSl-d

grey with light belly, infrequent belly spot, affected (reversed phenotype on F1 hybrid background)
Related Genotype: a/a KitlSl/+

dark grey with white head blaze, affected (reversed phenotype on F1 hybrid background)
Related Genotype: a/a KitlSl-d/+

black, unaffected
Related Genotype: a/a +/+

Important Note
This strain is heterozygous for the retinal degeneration allele Pde6brd1.

Description
The multiple steel mutations (KitlSl) behave in a semidominant fashion and cause deficiencies in pigment cells, germ cells, and blood cells paralleling those caused by the Kit locus mutations (dominant spotting alleles). Many steel alleles cause severe anemia resulting in death in utero of homozygous mutant mice. However, mice homozygous for some steel mutations and compound heterozygotes for two steel alleles (e.g., KitlSl/KitlSl-d) are viable and have black eyes and a white coat; they have severe macrocytic anemia, and both sexes are usually sterile due to failure of germ cells to migrate correctly during development. Mice heterozygous for a single steel mutation have diluted coat color with a small amount of white spotting, are viable and fertile, and may have a slight macrocytic anemia. Primordial germ cells are absent in the nonviable steel homozygotes and severely reduced in steel heterozygotes. Mast cells are virtually absent in skin and other tissues of steel mutant mice. Tumors tend to develop in germ-cell-deficient ovaries with advancing age.

Control Information

  Control
   Wild-type from the colony
 
  Considerations for Choosing Controls

Related Strains

Strains carrying   KitlSl-d allele
000160   B6.D2-KitlSl-d/J
000161   WB.D2-KitlSl-d/J
View Strains carrying   KitlSl-d     (2 strains)

Strains carrying   KitlSl allele
000124   B6.Cg-KitlSl Krt71Ca/J
000291   C3FeLe.Cg-a/a Hm KitlSl Krt71Ca-J/J
000693   WC/ReJ KitlSl/J
View Strains carrying   KitlSl     (3 strains)

Strains carrying   Pde6brd1 allele
004202   B6.C3 Pde6brd1 Hps4le/+ +-Lmx1adr-8J/J
000002   B6.C3-Pde6brd1 Hps4le/J
001022   B6C3FeF1/J a/a
000652   BDP/J
000653   BUB/BnJ
002439   C3.129P2(B6)-B2mtm1Unc/J
005494   C3.129S1(B6)-Grm1rcw/J
000509   C3.Cg-Lystbg-2J/J
000480   C3.MRL-Faslpr/J
001957   C3A Pde6brd1.O20/A-Prph2Rd2/J
005973   C3Bir.129P2(B6)-Il10C3Bir/LtJ
004326   C3Bir.129P2(B6)-Il10tm1Cgn/Lt
003968   C3Bir.129P2(B6)-Il10tm1Cgn/LtJ
001906   C3Ga.Cg-Catb/J
001904   C3H-Atcayji-hes/J
000659   C3H/HeJ
000784   C3H/HeJ-Faslgld/J
002433   C3H/HeJ-Spnb4qv-lnd2J/J
005972   C3H/HeJBirLtJ
001824   C3H/HeJSxJ
000635   C3H/HeOuJ
000474   C3H/HeSn
001431   C3H/HeSn-ocd/J
000661   C3H/HeSnJ
002235   C3H/HeSnJ-Ctnna2cdf/J
002333   C3H/HeSnJ-gri/J
006435   C3HeB.SW-Soaa/MonJ
000658   C3HeB/FeJ
001576   C3HeB/FeJ-Atp7btx-J/J
002588   C3HeB/FeJ-Eya1bor/J
001533   C3HeB/FeJ-Mc1rE-so Gli3Xt-J/J
001886   C3HeB/FeJLe a/a-gnd/J
001908   C3HfB/BiJ
001502   C3Sn.B6-Epha4rb/EiGrsrJ
001547   C3Sn.Cg-Cm/J
000656   CBA/J
000813   CBA/J-Atp7aMo-pew/J
000660   DA/HuSnJ
000023   FL/1ReJ
000025   FL/4ReJ
003024   FVB.129P2(B6)-Fmr1tm1Cgr/J
002539   FVB.129P2-Abcb4tm1Bor/J
002935   FVB.129S2(B6)-Ccnd1tm1Wbg/J
002953   FVB.Cg-Tg(MMTVTGFA)254Rjc/J
003170   FVB.Cg-Tg(Myh6-tTA)6Smbf/J
003078   FVB.Cg-Tg(WapIgf1)39Dlr/J
003257   FVB/N-Tg(GFAPGFP)14Mes/J
002374   FVB/N-Tg(MMTV-PyVT)634Mul/J
002856   FVB/N-Tg(TIE2-lacZ)182Sato/J
002384   FVB/N-Tg(UcpDta)1Kz/J
001800   FVB/NJ
003487   FVB/NJ-Tg(XGFAP-lacZ)3Mes/J
001491   FVB/NMob
000734   MOLD/RkJ
000550   MOLF/EiJ
002423   NON/ShiLtJ
000679   P/J
000680   PL/J
100299   PLSJLF1/J
000269   SB/LeJ
005651   SJL.AK-Thy1a/TseJ
000686   SJL/J
000688   ST/bJ
004808   STOCK Mapttm1(EGFP)Klt Tg(MAPT)8cPdav/J
002648   STOCK a/a Cln6nclf/J
000279   STOCK gr +/+ Ap3d1mh/J
005965   STOCK Tg(Pomc1-cre)16Lowl/J
004770   SW.B6-Soab/J
002023   SWR.M-Emv21 Emv22/J
000689   SWR/J
000939   SWR/J-Clcn1adr-mto/J
000692   WB/ReJ KitW/J
100410   WBB6F1/J-KitW/KitW-v/J
000693   WC/ReJ KitlSl/J
View Strains carrying   Pde6brd1     (74 strains)

Strains carrying other alleles of Kitl
000090   129S1/Sv-Oca2+ Tyr+ KitlSl-J/J
002993   B6.Cg-KitlSl-18H/EiJ
008656   B6.Cg-KitlSl-gb/MbeJ
001380   C3Sn.Cg-KitlSl-con/J
003252   C57BL/6J-KitlSl-20J/J
000979   STOCK KitlSl-16J/J
View Strains carrying other alleles of Kitl     (6 strains)

View Strains carrying other alleles of Pde6b     (10 strains)

Additional Web Information

JAX® NOTES, February 2001; 481. Mgf Gene Name Changes to Kitl.
JAX® NOTES, Winter 1991; 444. Coat Colors of Anemic Mice.

Phenotype

Phenotype Information

View Mammalian Phenotype Terms

Mammalian Phenotype Terms
      assigned by genotype

KitlSl/KitlSl-d

        involves: C57BL/6 * WC
  • life span-post-weaning/aging
  • premature death (MGI Ref ID J:5758)
    • 69% of mice live until 4 weeks of age, and 59% survive to 5 months; life span of mice reaching 5 months is reduced 51% vs wild-type
    • 88% of mice die from leukemia or ulcerative dermatitis
  • growth/size phenotype
  • weight loss (MGI Ref ID J:5758)
    • dermatitis is accompanied by weight loss
  • hematopoietic system phenotype
  • abnormal reticulocyte morphology (MGI Ref ID J:27511)
    • reticulocyte percentages are higher (8-12%) than in KitlW/KitlW-v mice
  • anemia (MGI Ref ID J:2777)
    • packed cell volumes (PCVs) are 28.8 compared to ~45 for controls
    • surviving mice show macrocytic anemia
  • decreased hematocrit (MGI Ref ID J:27511)
    • hematocrit is lower than normal (~29%) and have lower than normal numbers of macrocytic erythrocytes
  • thymus atrophy (MGI Ref ID J:5758)
    • at autopsy, thymic atrophy was observed in mice that developed ulcerative dermatitis
  • reproductive system phenotype
  • *normal* reproductive system phenotype (MGI Ref ID J:5547)
    • although mutants show a severe deficiency of primordial germ cells (PGCs), migration remaining PGCs from gut endoderm to gonadal ridges appears normal
    • decreased primordial germ cell number (MGI Ref ID J:5547)
      • mean of total PGC counts in embryos on E9 do not differ from mutant counts on E10 and E11; however, means of counts from normal embryos on E10 and E11 are 3 and 8-fold higher than day 9 mean PGC count, indicating a paucity of PGCs in mutants
    • infertility (MGI Ref ID J:5547)
      • mice carrying two mutant alleles at the Kitl locus are sterile
  • tumorigenesis
  • abnormal tumor incidence (MGI Ref ID J:5758)
    • no mice develop reticulum cell neoplasms compared to 30% of controls at 889 days of age
    • leukemia (MGI Ref ID J:5758)
      • lymphocytic leukemia develops in mice (37%) at average age of 370 days vs 5% incidence in wild-type and heterozygous mice at 965 days of age
    • papilloma (MGI Ref ID J:2777)
      • mice develop gastric papillomas, with greater frequency than controls
  • immune system phenotype
  • dermatitis (MGI Ref ID J:5758)
    • progressive ulcerative dermatitis develops at average age of 441 days (56% incidence), predominantly on the head and neck and in the axilla vs 20% of controls at 772 days of age; only 5 mice displayed lymphocytic leukemia as well
  • stomach inflammation (MGI Ref ID J:2777)
    • mixed inflammatory infiltrates are seen in lamina propria and submucosa of stomach
  • thymus atrophy (MGI Ref ID J:5758)
    • at autopsy, thymic atrophy was observed in mice that developed ulcerative dermatitis
  • digestive/alimentary phenotype
  • abnormal stomach morphology (MGI Ref ID J:2777)
    • lamina propria of forestomach is mildly edematous with mixed inflammatory infiltrate
    • all layers of forestomach are increased in thickness, but stratum spinosum and stratum corneum are most affected
    • abnormal stomach epithelium morphology (MGI Ref ID J:2777)
      • forestomach is significantly thicker (187 um) than controls (40 um)
      • abnormal stomach squamous epithelium morphology (MGI Ref ID J:2777)
        • nonglandular portion of forestomach is consists of stratified squammous epithelium that is significantly thicker than controls and appears as short folds extending into lamina propria in endophytic pattern
  • peptic ulcer (MGI Ref ID J:2777)
    • one mutant had an ulcer in glandular portion of stomach
  • stomach inflammation (MGI Ref ID J:2777)
    • mixed inflammatory infiltrates are seen in lamina propria and submucosa of stomach
  • skin/coat/nails phenotype
  • dermatitis (MGI Ref ID J:5758)
    • progressive ulcerative dermatitis develops at average age of 441 days (56% incidence), predominantly on the head and neck and in the axilla vs 20% of controls at 772 days of age; only 5 mice displayed lymphocytic leukemia as well

KitlSl/KitlSl-d

        (WC/ReJ KitlSl x B6.D2-KitlSl-d/J)F1-KitlSl/KitlSl-d/J
  • growth/size phenotype
  • decreased body weight (MGI Ref ID J:111273)
    • male mutants weigh 29, 27, and 13% less than than wild-type littermates at 5, 7, and 12 weeks of age
  • postnatal growth retardation (MGI Ref ID J:111273)
    • at 5 weeks, tibial length in males is less than controls, but by 12 weeks there has been catch-up growth and no significant difference is detected
  • skeleton phenotype
  • abnormal bone mineralization (MGI Ref ID J:111273)
    • whole body bone mineral content (BMC) is reduced in males compared to controls at all age groups
    • in females, wild-type BMC is higher than in female mutants at 5 weeks
  • abnormal cancellous bone morphology (MGI Ref ID J:111273)
    • cancellous bone volume/tissue volume is significantly reduced compared to wild-type
  • abnormal osteoblast physiology (MGI Ref ID J:111273)
    • in culture, primary osteoblasts display decreased mineralization compared to wild-type when both are treated with BMP-2
  • abnormal osteoclast morphology (MGI Ref ID J:111273)
    • osteoclast surface per bone surface is increased from 59% at 5 weeks to 441% at 12 weeks compared to wild-type males
  • abnormal skeleton development (MGI Ref ID J:111273)
    • bone formation rate is decreased in 5 week old mice and to a lesser extent at 7 weeks, but no difference is seen at 12 weeks
  • decreased bone density (MGI Ref ID J:111273)
    • bone mineral density (BMD) in males is significantly reduced at all age groups compared to controls; whole body as well as long bone and lumbar vertebral BMD are reduced
    • in females, BMD at 5 weeks is reduced compared to controls with exception of the femur
    • magnitude of change for each bone is larger in male mutants (9-41%) than female mutants (5-25%)
  • decreased cortical bone thickness (MGI Ref ID J:111273)
    • cortical and marrow area of tibias is reduced in males vs controls
  • hematopoietic system phenotype
  • abnormal osteoclast morphology (MGI Ref ID J:111273)
    • osteoclast surface per bone surface is increased from 59% at 5 weeks to 441% at 12 weeks compared to wild-type males
  • abnormal red blood cell (MGI Ref ID J:5985)
    • moderate but significant increase in protoporphrin levels in red blood cells compared to controls
  • immune system phenotype
  • abnormal osteoclast morphology (MGI Ref ID J:111273)
    • osteoclast surface per bone surface is increased from 59% at 5 weeks to 441% at 12 weeks compared to wild-type males
  • homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
  • increased porphyrin level (MGI Ref ID J:5985)
    • moderate but significant increase in protoporphrin levels in red blood cells compared to controls

The following phenotype information may relate to a genetic background differing from this JAX® Mice strain.

KitlSl-d/Kitl+

        either: DBA/2J or (C57BL/6 x DBA/2)F1
  • pigmentation phenotype
  • diluted coat color (MGI Ref ID J:13392)
    • heterozygotes have a slightly diluted coat color
  • skin/coat/nails phenotype
  • diluted coat color (MGI Ref ID J:13392)
    • heterozygotes have a slightly diluted coat color

KitlSl-d/Kitl+

        either: (involves: C57BL/6 * DBA/2J) or (involves: C3H * C57BL/6 * DBA/2J * WC)
  • hematopoietic system phenotype
  • anemia (MGI Ref ID J:6084)
    • mice are slightly anemic
  • decreased mast cell number (MGI Ref ID J:6084)
    • heterozygotes have decreased mast cell numbers in dorsal skin compared to wild-type
  • immune system phenotype
  • decreased mast cell number (MGI Ref ID J:6084)
    • heterozygotes have decreased mast cell numbers in dorsal skin compared to wild-type

KitlSl-d/Kitl+

        C3.D2-KitlSl-d
  • hematopoietic system phenotype
  • increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MGI Ref ID J:79293)
    • significantly increased compared to wild-type at P24-25
  • increased mean corpuscular volume (MGI Ref ID J:79293)
    • significantly increased compared to wild-type at P24-25
  • low mean erythrocyte cell number (MGI Ref ID J:79293)
    • at P1, mean red blood cell (RBC) counts are not different from KitlSl-d / KitlSl-gb compound heterozygotes (2.9 x 109 cells/ml; 4.1 x 109 cells/ml in wild-type mice)
  • macrocytic anemia (MGI Ref ID J:79293)
    • mild at birth
  • pigmentation phenotype
  • abnormal ventral coat pigmentation (MGI Ref ID J:79293)
    • diluted ventrum
  • head spot (MGI Ref ID J:79293)
  • skin/coat/nails phenotype
  • abnormal ventral coat pigmentation (MGI Ref ID J:79293)
    • diluted ventrum
  • head spot (MGI Ref ID J:79293)

KitlSl-d/KitlSl-d

        C3.D2-KitlSl-d
  • life span-post-weaning/aging
  • *normal* life span-post-weaning/aging (MGI Ref ID J:79293)
    • homozygotes are viable with expected number of homozygotes observed at P1; 83% of mice survive to P18, similar to wild-type
  • hematopoietic system phenotype
  • decreased hematocrit (MGI Ref ID J:79293)
    • significantly lower than wild-type at P24-25
  • increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MGI Ref ID J:79293)
    • significantly increased compared to wild-type at P24-25
  • increased mean corpuscular volume (MGI Ref ID J:79293)
    • significantly increased compared to wild-type at P24-25
  • low mean erythrocyte cell number (MGI Ref ID J:79293)
    • significantly lower than wild-type at birth (32% of wild-type value)
  • macrocytic anemia (MGI Ref ID J:79293)
    • severe at birth
  • reproductive system phenotype
  • abnormal primordial germ cell morphology (MGI Ref ID J:115437)
    • between E9.5 and 10.5, most PGCs are found with in the hindgut and these have abnormal morphology, while in wild-type embryos most PGCs are found in dorsal portions of mesentery
    • decreased primordial germ cell number (MGI Ref ID J:115437)
      • moderate numbers of primordial germ cells (PGCs) are seen in genital ridges relative to wild-type and KitlSl-gb homozygotes at E11.5
      • at E9.5, PGCs are located primarily in the ventral axis of the hindgut while in wild-type PGCs are found primarily associated with the hindgut epithelium or in the dorsal axis of the hindgut; total PGC number in mutant embryos is 22% of wild-type
  • cellular phenotype
  • abnormal cell migration (MGI Ref ID J:115437)
    • at E10.5, only 45% of total PGCs have migrated from hindgut, compared to 93% in wild-type
  • abnormal cell proliferation (MGI Ref ID J:115437)
    • proliferation indices of migratory (in mesentery and genital ridges) and postmigratory PGCs (in genital ridges) at 10.5 and 11.5 are significantly reduced compared to wild-type values (54-66% of wild-type values)
  • increased apoptosis (MGI Ref ID J:115437)
    • at E10.5, many PGCs in hindgut appear to be disintegrating; abnormal PGCs in hindgut tend to be nonmotile and apoptotic

KitlSl/KitlSl-d

        involves: C3H * C57BL/6 * DBA/2J * WC
  • hematopoietic system phenotype
  • decreased mast cell number (MGI Ref ID J:6084)
    • in early postnatal mice, mast cell number in skin is ~4% of wild-type number
    • adult mice have <1% of numbers in wild-type mice
    • no mast cells are detected in stomachs and mesenteries of adult mutants; none are found in cecum, bone marrow, spleen, thymus, heart, lung, kidney, liver or brain in mutants of various ages
  • immune system phenotype
  • abnormal response to transplant (MGI Ref ID J:6084)
    • after receiving skin grafts from Kit/Kit donors, a significant increase in mast cell number in skin is seen, compared no increase observed in reciprocal transplant
  • decreased mast cell number (MGI Ref ID J:6084)
    • in early postnatal mice, mast cell number in skin is ~4% of wild-type number
    • adult mice have <1% of numbers in wild-type mice
    • no mast cells are detected in stomachs and mesenteries of adult mutants; none are found in cecum, bone marrow, spleen, thymus, heart, lung, kidney, liver or brain in mutants of various ages
View Research Applications

Research Applications
This mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:

Cancer Research
Increased Tumor Incidence
      Gonadal Tumors: testicular teratomas

Hematological Research
Anemia, Iron Deficiency and Transport Defects
Mast Cell Deficiency

Mouse/Human Gene Homologs
synpolydactyly

KitlSl-d related

Cancer Research
Growth Factors/Receptors/Cytokines
Increased Tumor Incidence
      Gonadal Tumors: ovarian and testicular

Dermatology Research
Color and White Spotting Defects

Developmental Biology Research
Neural Tube Defects

Endocrine Deficiency Research
Bone/Bone Marrow Defects
Gonad Defects
Hypothalamus/Pituitary Defects
Skin Defects

Immunology and Inflammation Research
Growth Factors/Receptors/Cytokines
Immunodeficiency
      Mast Cell Deficiency

Neurobiology Research
Vestibular and Hearing Defects

Reproductive Biology Research
Developmental Defects Affecting Gonads
      germ cell deficient
Fertility Defects
Gonadal Tumors
      ovarian and testicular

Research Tools
Immunology and Inflammation Research
      Mast Cell Deficiency

Sensorineural Research
Vestibular and Hearing Defects

KitlSl related

Cancer Research
Growth Factors/Receptors/Cytokines
Increased Tumor Incidence
      Gonadal Tumors: ovarian and testicular

Dermatology Research
Color and White Spotting Defects

Developmental Biology Research
Neural Crest Defects

Endocrine Deficiency Research
Bone/Bone Marrow Defects
Gonad Defects
Hypothalamus/Pituitary Defects
Skin Defects

Immunology and Inflammation Research
Growth Factors/Receptors/Cytokines
Immunodeficiency
      Mast Cell Deficiency

Neurobiology Research
Vestibular and Hearing Defects

Reproductive Biology Research
Developmental Defects Affecting Gonads
      germ cell deficient
Fertility Defects
Gonadal Tumors
      ovarian and testicular

Research Tools
Immunology and Inflammation Research
      Mast Cell Deficiency

Sensorineural Research
Vestibular and Hearing Defects

Pde6brd1 related

Mouse/Human Gene Homologs
retinitis pigmentosa, autosomal recessive

Sensorineural Research
Retinal Degeneration

Genes & Alleles

Gene & Allele Information

 
Allele Symbol KitlSl-d
Allele Name steel Dickie
Allele Type Spontaneous
Common Name(s) KL; MGF; MgfSl-d; Sld; Sld;
Strain of OriginDBA/2J
Gene Symbol and Name Kitl, kit ligand
Chromosome 10
Gene Common Name(s) Clo; Con; DKFZp686F2250; FPH2; Gb; KL-1; MGF; Mgf; SCF; SF; SHEP7; SLF; Sl; Steel; Steel factor; cloud gray; contrasted; grizzle-belly; mast cell growth factor; steel; stem cell factor;
General Note

Genbank ID for this allele: M64262

Molecular Note A 4kb deletion in genomic DNA results in the absence of 241bp in the mRNA and the addition of 67bp of novel sequence, a 174bp net loss. The region that is deleted corresponds to 5 amino acids N-terminal to the transmembrane domain of the encoded protein, and results in termination of the open reading frame after an additional 3 amino acids. The resulting protein is a soluble truncated one, lacking both transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains. Northern analysis indicates that mRNA is transcribed at nearly wild-type levels in adult tissues. [MGI Ref ID J:10750] [MGI Ref ID J:20286] [MGI Ref ID J:40339]
 
Allele Symbol KitlSl
Allele Name steel
Allele Type Spontaneous
Common Name(s) MgfSl; Sl;
Strain of OriginC3H
Gene Symbol and Name Kitl, kit ligand
Chromosome 10
Gene Common Name(s) Clo; Con; DKFZp686F2250; FPH2; Gb; KL-1; MGF; Mgf; SCF; SF; SHEP7; SLF; Sl; Steel; Steel factor; cloud gray; contrasted; grizzle-belly; mast cell growth factor; steel; stem cell factor;
Molecular Note By Southern blotting, it was concluded that this allele contains a deletion encompassing most, if not all, of the coding region of the gene. A probe corresponding to nucleotides 6 to 685 of the cDNA failed to hybridize to DNA obtained from embryos homozygous for this allele. PCR analysis with primers for sequences at various distances from the Kit gene narrowed the 5' and 3' deletion endpoints to a 350 and a 380 base-pair region, respectively. Sequencing of the product of PCR using primers designed to span the deletion revealed that it extends through 973,366 base pairs on Chromosome 10 between nucleotide positions 99,177,807 and 100,151,173 (NCBI Map Viewer, Build 36.1), with a 4-base pair insertion joining the deletion endpoints, and contains 6 predicted and 3 known genes. [MGI Ref ID J:10750] [MGI Ref ID J:115283]
 
Allele Symbol Pde6brd1
Allele Name retinal degeneration 1
Allele Type Spontaneous
Common Name(s) Pdebrd1; rd; rd-1; rd1; rodless retina;

Genotyping

Genotyping Information

This strain will not have a genotyping protocol or one is not currently available.

Helpful Links

Genotyping resources and troubleshooting

References

References

Selected Reference(s)

Arguello F; Furlanetto RW; Baggs RB; Graves BT; Harwell SE; Cohen HJ; Frantz CN. 1992. Incidence and distribution of experimental metastases in mutant mice with defective organ microenvironments (genotypes Sl/Sld and W/Wv). Cancer Res 52(8):2304-9. [PubMed: 1559233]  [MGI Ref ID J:468]

Hayashi C; Sonoda T; Nakano T; Nakayama H; Kitamura Y. 1985. Mast-cell precursors in the skin of mouse embryos and their deficiency in embryos of Sl/Sld genotype. Dev Biol 109(1):234-41. [PubMed: 3987963]  [MGI Ref ID J:7810]

Huang E; Nocka K; Beier DR; Chu TY; Buck J; Lahm HW; Wellner D; Leder P; Besmer P. 1990. The hematopoietic growth factor KL is encoded by the Sl locus and is the ligand of the c-kit receptor, the gene product of the W locus. Cell 63(1):225-33. [PubMed: 1698557]  [MGI Ref ID J:10751]

Murphy ED. 1977. Effects of mutant steel alleles on leukemogenesis and life-span in the mouse. J Natl Cancer Inst 58(1):107-10. [PubMed: 319242]  [MGI Ref ID J:5758]

Shinohara T; Avarbock MR; Brinster RL. 2000. Functional analysis of spermatogonial stem cells in Steel and cryptorchid infertile mouse models. Dev Biol 220(2):401-11. [PubMed: 10753526]  [MGI Ref ID J:61712]

Zsebo KM; Williams DA; Geissler EN; Broudy VC; Martin FH; Atkins HL; Hsu RY; Birkett NC; Okino KH; Murdock DC; Jacobsen FW; Langley KE; Smith KA; Takeishi T; Cattanach BM; Galli SJ; Suggs SV. 1990. Stem cell factor is encoded at the Sl locus of the mouse and is the ligand for the c-kit tyrosine kinase receptor. Cell 63(1):213-24. [PubMed: 1698556]  [MGI Ref ID J:10750]

Additional References

Feldweg AM; Friend DS; Zhou JS; Kanaoka Y; Daheshia M; Li L; Austen KF; Katz HR. 2003. gp49B1 suppresses stem cell factor-induced mast cell activation-secretion and attendant inflammation in vivo. Eur J Immunol 33(8):2262-8. [PubMed: 12884301]  [MGI Ref ID J:84936]

Schrott A; Egg G; Spoendlin H. 1988. Intermediate filaments in the cochleas of normal and mutant (w/wv, sl/sld) mice. Arch Otorhinolaryngol 245(4):250-4. [PubMed: 2460075]  [MGI Ref ID J:9423]

Wolf NS. 1978. Dissecting the hematopoietic microenvironment. II. The kinetics of the erythron of the S1/S1d mouse and the dual nature of its anemia. Cell Tissue Kinet 11(4):325-34. [PubMed: 688326]  [MGI Ref ID J:6031]

KitlSl-d related

Barker JE. 1997. Early transplantation to a normal microenvironment prevents the development of Steel hematopoietic stem cell defects. Exp Hematol 25(6):542-7. [PubMed: 9197334]  [MGI Ref ID J:41120]

Beckett EA; Horiguchi K; Khoyi M; Sanders KM; Ward SM. 2002. Loss of enteric motor neurotransmission in the gastric fundus of Sl/Sl(d) mice. J Physiol 543(Pt 3):871-87. [PubMed: 12231645]  [MGI Ref ID J:105989]

Bernstein S. 1960. Steel Dickie Mouse News Lett 23:33-4.  [MGI Ref ID J:13392]

Brannan CI; Lyman SD; Williams DE; Eisenman J; Anderson DM; Cosman D; Bedell MA; Jenkins NA; Copeland NG. 1991. Steel-Dickie mutation encodes a c-kit ligand lacking transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88(11):4671-4. [PubMed: 1711207]  [MGI Ref ID J:20286]

Chen R; Fairley JA; Zhao ML; Giudice GJ; Zillikens D; Diaz LA; Liu Z. 2002. Macrophages, but not T and B lymphocytes, are critical for subepidermal blister formation in experimental bullous pemphigoid: macrophage-mediated neutrophil infiltration depends on mast cell activation. J Immunol 169(7):3987-92. [PubMed: 12244200]  [MGI Ref ID J:120403]

Chen R; Ning G; Zhao ML; Fleming MG; Diaz LA; Werb Z; Liu Z. 2001. Mast cells play a key role in neutrophil recruitment in experimental bullous pemphigoid. J Clin Invest 108(8):1151-8. [PubMed: 11602622]  [MGI Ref ID J:72195]

Choi Y; Rajkovic A. 2006. Genetics of early mammalian folliculogenesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 63(5):579-90. [PubMed: 16416028]  [MGI Ref ID J:108336]

Flanagan JG; Chan DC; Leder P. 1991. Transmembrane form of the kit ligand growth factor is determined by alternative splicing and is missing in the Sld mutant. Cell 64(5):1025-35. [PubMed: 1705866]  [MGI Ref ID J:40339]

Galli SJ; Hammel I. 1984. Unequivocal delayed hypersensitivity in mast cell-deficient and beige mice. Science 226(4675):710-3. [PubMed: 6494907]  [MGI Ref ID J:127346]

Gore BB; Wong KG; Tessier-Lavigne M. 2008. Stem cell factor functions as an outgrowth-promoting factor to enable axon exit from the midline intermediate target. Neuron 57(4):501-10. [PubMed: 18304480]  [MGI Ref ID J:132880]

Gurish MF; Tao H; Abonia JP; Arya A; Friend DS; Parker CM; Austen KF. 2001. Intestinal mast cell progenitors require CD49dbeta7 (alpha4beta7 integrin) for tissue-specific homing. J Exp Med 194(9):1243-52. [PubMed: 11696590]  [MGI Ref ID J:119138]

Heissig B; Rafii S; Akiyama H; Ohki Y; Sato Y; Rafael T; Zhu Z; Hicklin DJ; Okumura K; Ogawa H; Werb Z; Hattori K. 2005. Low-dose irradiation promotes tissue revascularization through VEGF release from mast cells and MMP-9-mediated progenitor cell mobilization. J Exp Med 202(6):739-50. [PubMed: 16157686]  [MGI Ref ID J:107445]

Hu B; Colletti LM. 2008. Stem cell factor and c-kit are involved in hepatic recovery after acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 295(1):G45-G53. [PubMed: 18467506]  [MGI Ref ID J:137545]

Huang EJ; Nocka KH; Buck J; Besmer P. 1992. Differential expression and processing of two cell associated forms of the kit-ligand: KL-1 and KL-2. Mol Biol Cell 3(3):349-62. [PubMed: 1378327]  [MGI Ref ID J:1527]

Ishii M; Tachiwana T; Hoshino A; Tsunekawa N; Hiramatsu R; Matoba S; Kanai-Azuma M; Kawakami H; Kurohmaru M; Kanai Y. 2007. Potency of testicular somatic environment to support spermatogenesis in XX/Sry transgenic male mice. Development 134(3):449-54. [PubMed: 17185318]  [MGI Ref ID J:135064]

Kato M; Takeda K; Kawamoto Y; Tsuzuki T; Hossain K; Tamakoshi A; Kunisada T; Kambayashi Y; Ogino K; Suzuki H; Takahashi M; Nakashima I. 2004. c-Kit-Targeting Immunotherapy for Hereditary Melanoma in a Mouse Model. Cancer Res 64(3):801-6. [PubMed: 14871802]  [MGI Ref ID J:88074]

Kitamura Y; Go S. 1979. Decreased production of mast cells in S1/S1d anemic mice. Blood 53(3):492-7. [PubMed: 367470]  [MGI Ref ID J:6084]

Kitamura Y; Yokoyama M; Matsuda H; Shimada M. 1980. Coincidental development of forestomach papilloma and prepyloric ulcer in nontreated mutant mice of W/Wv and SI/SId genotypes. Cancer Res 40(9):3392-7. [PubMed: 7000343]  [MGI Ref ID J:6393]

Kraneveld AD; van der Kleij HP; Kool M; van Houwelingen AH; Weitenberg AC; Redegeld FA; Nijkamp FP. 2002. Key role for mast cells in nonatopic asthma. J Immunol 169(4):2044-53. [PubMed: 12165531]  [MGI Ref ID J:120703]

Krishnamoorthy N; Oriss TB; Paglia M; Fei M; Yarlagadda M; Vanhaesebroeck B; Ray A; Ray P. 2008. Activation of c-Kit in dendritic cells regulates T helper cell differentiation and allergic asthma. Nat Med 14(5):565-73. [PubMed: 18454155]  [MGI Ref ID J:136704]

Lee DM; Friend DS; Gurish MF; Benoist C; Mathis D; Brenner MB. 2002. Mast cells: a cellular link between autoantibodies and inflammatory arthritis. Science 297(5587):1689-92. [PubMed: 12215644]  [MGI Ref ID J:78906]

Lotinun S; Evans GL; Turner RT; Oursler MJ. 2005. Deletion of membrane-bound steel factor results in osteopenia in mice. J Bone Miner Res 20(4):644-52. [PubMed: 15765184]  [MGI Ref ID J:111273]

Lourenssen S; Motro B; Bernstein A; Diamond J. 2000. Defects in sensory nerve numbers and growth in mutant Kit and Steel mice. Neuroreport 11(6):1159-65. [PubMed: 10817584]  [MGI Ref ID J:103680]

Mahakali Zama A; Hudson FP rd; Bedell MA. 2005. Analysis of hypomorphic KitlSl mutants suggests different requirements for KITL in proliferation and migration of mouse primordial germ cells. Biol Reprod 73(4):639-47. [PubMed: 15917341]  [MGI Ref ID J:115437]

McCoshen JA; McCallion DJ. 1975. A study of the primordial germ cells during their migratory phase in Steel mutant mice. Experientia 31(5):589-90. [PubMed: 1170085]  [MGI Ref ID J:5547]

Mikkelsen HB; Malysz J; Huizinga JD; Thuneberg L. 1998. Action potential generation, Kit receptor immunohistochemistry and morphology of steel-Dickie (Sl/Sld) mutant mouse small intestine. Neurogastroenterol Motil 10(1):11-26. [PubMed: 9507248]  [MGI Ref ID J:113054]

Motro B; Wojtowicz JM; Bernstein A; van der Kooy D. 1996. Steel mutant mice are deficient in hippocampal learning but not long-term potentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93(5):1808-13. [PubMed: 8700840]  [MGI Ref ID J:32130]

Ogawa T; Dobrinski I; Avarbock MR; Brinster RL. 2000. Transplantation of male germ line stem cells restores fertility in infertile mice [see comments] Nat Med 6(1):29-34. [PubMed: 10613820]  [MGI Ref ID J:59322]

Ohta H; Aizawa S; Nishimune Y. 2003. Functional Analysis of the p53 Gene in Apoptosis Induced by Heat Stress or Loss of Stem Cell Factor Signaling in Mouse Male Germ Cells. Biol Reprod 68(6):2249-54. [PubMed: 12606380]  [MGI Ref ID J:83572]

Ohta H; Tohda A; Nishimune Y. 2003. Proliferation and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells in the w/wv mutant mouse testis. Biol Reprod 69(6):1815-21. [PubMed: 12890724]  [MGI Ref ID J:108583]

Ohta H; Yomogida K; Dohmae K; Nishimune Y. 2000. Regulation of proliferation and differentiation in spermatogonial stem cells: the role of c-kit and its ligand SCF Development 127(10):2125-31. [PubMed: 10769236]  [MGI Ref ID J:61520]

Perez-Losada J; Sanchez-Martin M; Rodriguez-Garcia A; Sanchez ML; Orfao A; Flores T; Sanchez-Garcia I. 2002. Zinc-finger transcription factor Slug contributes to the function of the stem cell factor c-kit signaling pathway. Blood 100(4):1274-86. [PubMed: 12149208]  [MGI Ref ID J:78323]

Rajaraman S; Davis WS; Mahakali-Zama A; Evans HK; Russell LB; Bedell MA. 2002. An Allelic Series of Mutations in the Kit ligand Gene of Mice. II. Effects of Ethylnitrosourea-Induced Kitl Point Mutations on Survival and Peripheral Blood Cells of Kitl(Steel) Mice. Genetics 162(1):341-53. [PubMed: 12242245]  [MGI Ref ID J:79293]

Ren X; Hogaboam C; Carpenter A; Colletti L. 2003. Stem cell factor restores hepatocyte proliferation in IL-6 knockout mice following 70% hepatectomy. J Clin Invest 112(9):1407-18. [PubMed: 14597766]  [MGI Ref ID J:118475]

Russell ES. 1970. Abnormalities of erythropoiesis associated with mutant genes in mice. In: Regulation of Hematopoiesis. Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York.  [MGI Ref ID J:27511]

Russell ES; Bernstein SE. 1966. Blood and Blood Formation. In: Biology of the Laboratory Mouse. McGraw Hill, New York.  [MGI Ref ID J:24829]

Sarna SK. 2008. Are interstitial cells of Cajal plurifunction cells in the gut? Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 294(2):G372-90. [PubMed: 17932226]  [MGI Ref ID J:132097]

Sassa S; Bernstein SE. 1978. Studies of erythrocyte protoporphyrin in anemic mutant mice: use of a modified hematofluorometer for the detection of heterozygotes for hemolytic disease. Exp Hematol 6(5):479-87. [PubMed: 658175]  [MGI Ref ID J:5985]

Schwarzenberger P; Huang W; Ye P; Oliver P; Manuel M; Zhang Z; Bagby G; Nelson S; Kolls JK. 2000. Requirement of endogenous stem cell factor and granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor for IL-17-mediated granulopoiesis. J Immunol 164(9):4783-9. [PubMed: 10779785]  [MGI Ref ID J:112156]

Silver DL; Hou L; Somerville R; Young ME; Apte SS; Pavan WJ. 2008. The secreted metalloprotease AMAMTS20 is required for melanoblast survival PLoS Genet 4(2):e1000003. [PubMed: 18454205]  [MGI Ref ID J:133403]

Steel KP; Davidson DR; Jackson IJ. 1992. TRP-2/DT, a new early melanoblast marker, shows that steel growth factor (c-kit ligand) is a survival factor. Development 115(4):1111-9. [PubMed: 1280558]  [MGI Ref ID J:31646]

Stokol T; O'Donnell P; Xiao L; Knight S; Stavrakis G; Botto M; von Andrian UH; Mayadas TN. 2004. C1q governs deposition of circulating immune complexes and leukocyte Fcgamma receptors mediate subsequent neutrophil recruitment. J Exp Med 200(7):835-46. [PubMed: 15466618]  [MGI Ref ID J:93949]

Sundberg JP; Kenty GA; Beamer WG; Adkison DL. 1992. Forestomach papillomas in flaky skin and steel-Dickie mutant mice. J Vet Diagn Invest 4(3):312-7. [PubMed: 1325193]  [MGI Ref ID J:2777]

Tokuda M; Kadokawa Y; Kurahashi H; Marunouchi T. 2007. CDH1 is a specific marker for undifferentiated spermatogonia in mouse testes. Biol Reprod 76(1):130-41. [PubMed: 17035642]  [MGI Ref ID J:117360]

Wang CH; Anderson N; Li SH; Szmitko PE; Cherng WJ; Fedak PW; Fazel S; Li RK; Yau TM; Weisel RD; Stanford WL; Verma S. 2006. Stem cell factor deficiency is vasculoprotective: unraveling a new therapeutic potential of imatinib mesylate. Circ Res 99(6):617-25. [PubMed: 16931795]  [MGI Ref ID J:125065]

Watanabe M; Satoh T; Yamamoto Y; Kanai Y; Karasuyama H; Yokozeki H. 2008. Overproduction of IgE induces macrophage-derived chemokine (CCL22) secretion from basophils. J Immunol 181(8):5653-9. [PubMed: 18832724]  [MGI Ref ID J:140755]

Wehrle-Haller B; Weston JA. 1995. Soluble and cell-bound forms of steel factor activity play distinct roles in melanocyte precursor dispersal and survival on the lateral neural crest migration pathway. Development 121(3):731-42. [PubMed: 7536655]  [MGI Ref ID J:40215]

Wershil BK; Castagliuolo I; Pothoulakis C. 1998. Direct evidence of mast cell involvement in Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced enteritis in mice. Gastroenterology 114(5):956-64. [PubMed: 9558284]  [MGI Ref ID J:107762]

Wershil BK; Theodos CM; Galli SJ; Titus RG. 1994. Mast cells augment lesion size and persistence during experimental Leishmania major infection in the mouse. J Immunol 152(9):4563-71. [PubMed: 8157970]  [MGI Ref ID J:17706]

Wolf NS. 1978. Dissecting the hematopoietic microenvironment. II. The kinetics of the erythron of the S1/S1d mouse and the dual nature of its anemia. Cell Tissue Kinet 11(4):325-34. [PubMed: 688326]  [MGI Ref ID J:6031]

Wouters M; De Laet A; Donck LV; Delpire E; van Bogaert PP; Timmermans JP; de Kerchove d'Exaerde A; Smans K; Vanderwinden JM. 2006. Subtractive hybridization unravels a role for the ion cotransporter NKCC1 in the murine intestinal pacemaker. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 290(6):G1219-27. [PubMed: 16123204]  [MGI Ref ID J:111089]

KitlSl related

Bennett D. 1956. Developmental analysis of a mutation with pleiotropic effects in the mouse J Morphol 98(2):199-233.  [MGI Ref ID J:28098]

Bernstein SE. 1969. Hereditary disorders of the rodent erythron. In: Genetics in Laboratory Animal Medicine. Natl Acad Sci Publ, Washington, DC.  [MGI Ref ID J:30699]

Chan CK; Chen CC; Luppen CA; Kim JB; DeBoer AT; Wei K; Helms JA; Kuo CJ; Kraft DL; Weissman IL. 2009. Endochondral ossification is required for haematopoietic stem-cell niche formation. Nature 457(7228):490-4. [PubMed: 19078959]  [MGI Ref ID J:143892]

Chen R; Ning G; Zhao ML; Fleming MG; Diaz LA; Werb Z; Liu Z. 2001. Mast cells play a key role in neutrophil recruitment in experimental bullous pemphigoid. J Clin Invest 108(8):1151-8. [PubMed: 11602622]  [MGI Ref ID J:72195]

Clark EA; Shultz LD; Pollack SB. 1981. Mutations in mice that influence natural killer (NK) cell activity. Immunogenetics 12(5-6):601-13. [PubMed: 6971254]  [MGI Ref ID J:6485]

Copeland NG; Gilbert DJ; Cho BC; Donovan PJ; Jenkins NA; Cosman D; Anderson D; Lyman SD; Williams DE. 1990. Mast cell growth factor maps near the steel locus on mouse chromosome 10 and is deleted in a number of steel alleles. Cell 63(1):175-83. [PubMed: 1698554]  [MGI Ref ID J:10748]

Flanagan JG; Leder P. 1990. The kit ligand: a cell surface molecule altered in steel mutant fibroblasts. Cell 63(1):185-94. [PubMed: 1698555]  [MGI Ref ID J:10749]

Gore BB; Wong KG; Tessier-Lavigne M. 2008. Stem cell factor functions as an outgrowth-promoting factor to enable axon exit from the midline intermediate target. Neuron 57(4):501-10. [PubMed: 18304480]  [MGI Ref ID J:132880]

Gu Y; Runyan C; Shoemaker A; Surani A; Wylie C. 2009. Steel factor controls primordial germ cell survival and motility from the time of their specification in the allantois, and provides a continuous niche throughout their migration. Development 136(8):1295-303. [PubMed: 19279135]  [MGI Ref ID J:147283]

Gurish MF; Tao H; Abonia JP; Arya A; Friend DS; Parker CM; Austen KF. 2001. Intestinal mast cell progenitors require CD49dbeta7 (alpha4beta7 integrin) for tissue-specific homing. J Exp Med 194(9):1243-52. [PubMed: 11696590]  [MGI Ref ID J:119138]

Hu B; Colletti LM. 2008. Stem cell factor and c-kit are involved in hepatic recovery after acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 295(1):G45-G53. [PubMed: 18467506]  [MGI Ref ID J:137545]

Ishii M; Tachiwana T; Hoshino A; Tsunekawa N; Hiramatsu R; Matoba S; Kanai-Azuma M; Kawakami H; Kurohmaru M; Kanai Y. 2007. Potency of testicular somatic environment to support spermatogenesis in XX/Sry transgenic male mice. Development 134(3):449-54. [PubMed: 17185318]  [MGI Ref ID J:135064]

Kitamura Y; Go S. 1979. Decreased production of mast cells in S1/S1d anemic mice. Blood 53(3):492-7. [PubMed: 367470]  [MGI Ref ID J:6084]

Kitamura Y; Yokoyama M; Matsuda H; Shimada M. 1980. Coincidental development of forestomach papilloma and prepyloric ulcer in nontreated mutant mice of W/Wv and SI/SId genotypes. Cancer Res 40(9):3392-7. [PubMed: 7000343]  [MGI Ref ID J:6393]

Krishnamoorthy N; Oriss TB; Paglia M; Fei M; Yarlagadda M; Vanhaesebroeck B; Ray A; Ray P. 2008. Activation of c-Kit in dendritic cells regulates T helper cell differentiation and allergic asthma. Nat Med 14(5):565-73. [PubMed: 18454155]  [MGI Ref ID J:136704]

Lam MY; Nadeau JH. 2003. Genetic control of susceptibility to spontaneous testicular germ cell tumors in mice. APMIS 111(1):184-90; discussion 191. [PubMed: 12752260]  [MGI Ref ID J:82965]

Lee DM; Friend DS; Gurish MF; Benoist C; Mathis D; Brenner MB. 2002. Mast cells: a cellular link between autoantibodies and inflammatory arthritis. Science 297(5587):1689-92. [PubMed: 12215644]  [MGI Ref ID J:78906]

Lotinun S; Evans GL; Turner RT; Oursler MJ. 2005. Deletion of membrane-bound steel factor results in osteopenia in mice. J Bone Miner Res 20(4):644-52. [PubMed: 15765184]  [MGI Ref ID J:111273]

Lourenssen S; Motro B; Bernstein A; Diamond J. 2000. Defects in sensory nerve numbers and growth in mutant Kit and Steel mice. Neuroreport 11(6):1159-65. [PubMed: 10817584]  [MGI Ref ID J:103680]

Majumdar MK; Everett ET; Xiao X; Cooper R; Langley K; Kapur R; Vik T; Williams DA. 1996. Xenogeneic expression of human stem cell factor in transgenic mice mimics codominant c-kit mutations. Blood 87(8):3203-11. [PubMed: 8605335]  [MGI Ref ID J:32600]

McCoshen JA; McCallion DJ. 1975. A study of the primordial germ cells during their migratory phase in Steel mutant mice. Experientia 31(5):589-90. [PubMed: 1170085]  [MGI Ref ID J:5547]

Mikkelsen HB; Malysz J; Huizinga JD; Thuneberg L. 1998. Action potential generation, Kit receptor immunohistochemistry and morphology of steel-Dickie (Sl/Sld) mutant mouse small intestine. Neurogastroenterol Motil 10(1):11-26. [PubMed: 9507248]  [MGI Ref ID J:113054]

Motro B; Wojtowicz JM; Bernstein A; van der Kooy D. 1996. Steel mutant mice are deficient in hippocampal learning but not long-term potentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93(5):1808-13. [PubMed: 8700840]  [MGI Ref ID J:32130]

Murphy ED. 1966. Characteristic Tumors. In: Biology of the Laboratory Mouse. McGraw-Hill, New York.  [MGI Ref ID J:24830]

Ogawa T; Dobrinski I; Avarbock MR; Brinster RL. 2000. Transplantation of male germ line stem cells restores fertility in infertile mice [see comments] Nat Med 6(1):29-34. [PubMed: 10613820]  [MGI Ref ID J:59322]

Ohta H; Aizawa S; Nishimune Y. 2003. Functional Analysis of the p53 Gene in Apoptosis Induced by Heat Stress or Loss of Stem Cell Factor Signaling in Mouse Male Germ Cells. Biol Reprod 68(6):2249-54. [PubMed: 12606380]  [MGI Ref ID J:83572]

Ohta H; Yomogida K; Dohmae K; Nishimune Y. 2000. Regulation of proliferation and differentiation in spermatogonial stem cells: the role of c-kit and its ligand SCF Development 127(10):2125-31. [PubMed: 10769236]  [MGI Ref ID J:61520]

Ren X; Hogaboam C; Carpenter A; Colletti L. 2003. Stem cell factor restores hepatocyte proliferation in IL-6 knockout mice following 70% hepatectomy. J Clin Invest 112(9):1407-18. [PubMed: 14597766]  [MGI Ref ID J:118475]

Rodewald HR; Kretzschmar K; Swat W; Takeda S. 1995. Intrathymically expressed c-kit ligand (stem cell factor) is a major factor driving expansion of very immature thymocytes in vivo. Immunity 3(3):313-9. [PubMed: 7552996]  [MGI Ref ID J:28959]

Runyan C; Schaible K; Molyneaux K; Wang Z; Levin L; Wylie C. 2006. Steel factor controls midline cell death of primordial germ cells and is essential for their normal proliferation and migration. Development 133(24):4861-9. [PubMed: 17107997]  [MGI Ref ID J:115283]

Russell ES. 1970. Abnormalities of erythropoiesis associated with mutant genes in mice. In: Regulation of Hematopoiesis. Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York.  [MGI Ref ID J:27511]

Russell ES; Bernstein SE. 1966. Blood and Blood Formation. In: Biology of the Laboratory Mouse. McGraw Hill, New York.  [MGI Ref ID J:24829]

Russell LB; Russell WL. 1953. Steel (Sl) and Pearl (pe) Mouse News Lett 8:14.  [MGI Ref ID J:104625]

Sarvella PA; Russell LB. 1956. Steel, a new dominant gene in the house mouse J Hered 47:123-128.  [MGI Ref ID J:3399]

Sassa S; Bernstein SE. 1978. Studies of erythrocyte protoporphyrin in anemic mutant mice: use of a modified hematofluorometer for the detection of heterozygotes for hemolytic disease. Exp Hematol 6(5):479-87. [PubMed: 658175]  [MGI Ref ID J:5985]

Schwarzenberger P; Huang W; Ye P; Oliver P; Manuel M; Zhang Z; Bagby G; Nelson S; Kolls JK. 2000. Requirement of endogenous stem cell factor and granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor for IL-17-mediated granulopoiesis. J Immunol 164(9):4783-9. [PubMed: 10779785]  [MGI Ref ID J:112156]

Silver DL; Hou L; Somerville R; Young ME; Apte SS; Pavan WJ. 2008. The secreted metalloprotease AMAMTS20 is required for melanoblast survival PLoS Genet 4(2):e1000003. [PubMed: 18454205]  [MGI Ref ID J:133403]

Staats J. 1963. Inbred Strains of Mice No. 3 Companion to Mouse News Lett No. 29 :.  [MGI Ref ID J:55932]

Stevens LC; Mackensen JA. 1961. Genetic and environmental influences on teratocarcinogenesis in mice J Natl Cancer Inst 27:443-453.  [MGI Ref ID J:50508]

Sundberg JP; Kenty GA; Beamer WG; Adkison DL. 1992. Forestomach papillomas in flaky skin and steel-Dickie mutant mice. J Vet Diagn Invest 4(3):312-7. [PubMed: 1325193]  [MGI Ref ID J:2777]

Tokuda M; Kadokawa Y; Kurahashi H; Marunouchi T. 2007. CDH1 is a specific marker for undifferentiated spermatogonia in mouse testes. Biol Reprod 76(1):130-41. [PubMed: 17035642]  [MGI Ref ID J:117360]

Wang CH; Anderson N; Li SH; Szmitko PE; Cherng WJ; Fedak PW; Fazel S; Li RK; Yau TM; Weisel RD; Stanford WL; Verma S. 2006. Stem cell factor deficiency is vasculoprotective: unraveling a new therapeutic potential of imatinib mesylate. Circ Res 99(6):617-25. [PubMed: 16931795]  [MGI Ref ID J:125065]

Watanabe M; Satoh T; Yamamoto Y; Kanai Y; Karasuyama H; Yokozeki H. 2008. Overproduction of IgE induces macrophage-derived chemokine (CCL22) secretion from basophils. J Immunol 181(8):5653-9. [PubMed: 18832724]  [MGI Ref ID J:140755]

Wehrle-Haller B; Weston JA. 1995. Soluble and cell-bound forms of steel factor activity play distinct roles in melanocyte precursor dispersal and survival on the lateral neural crest migration pathway. Development 121(3):731-42. [PubMed: 7536655]  [MGI Ref ID J:40215]

Wershil BK; Castagliuolo I; Pothoulakis C. 1998. Direct evidence of mast cell involvement in Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced enteritis in mice. Gastroenterology 114(5):956-64. [PubMed: 9558284]  [MGI Ref ID J:107762]

Wershil BK; Theodos CM; Galli SJ; Titus RG. 1994. Mast cells augment lesion size and persistence during experimental Leishmania major infection in the mouse. J Immunol 152(9):4563-71. [PubMed: 8157970]  [MGI Ref ID J:17706]

Wolf NS. 1978. Dissecting the hematopoietic microenvironment. II. The kinetics of the erythron of the S1/S1d mouse and the dual nature of its anemia. Cell Tissue Kinet 11(4):325-34. [PubMed: 688326]  [MGI Ref ID J:6031]

Wouters M; De Laet A; Donck LV; Delpire E; van Bogaert PP; Timmermans JP; de Kerchove d'Exaerde A; Smans K; Vanderwinden JM. 2006. Subtractive hybridization unravels a role for the ion cotransporter NKCC1 in the murine intestinal pacemaker. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 290(6):G1219-27. [PubMed: 16123204]  [MGI Ref ID J:111089]

Health & husbandry

Health & Colony Maintenance Information

Animal Health Reports

Room Number           FGB27

Colony Maintenance

Diet Information LabDiet® 5K52/5K67

Purchasing information

Pricing, Supply Level & Notes, Controls, General Terms & Conditions

Pricing

Pricing for USA, Canada and Mexico shipping destinations View International pricing
Weeks of AgePrice (US dollars $)GenderGenotypes Provided
Individual Mouse $173.60Female or MaleCompound Heterozygote for allele KitlSl and allele KitlSl-d
Pairs /Price (US dollars $)Pair Genotype
$245.00WC/ReJ KitlSl/J (000693) x B6.D2-KitlSl-d/J (000160)

Additional Supply Details

Pricing for International shipping destinations View USA Canada and Mexico pricing
Weeks of AgePrice (US dollars $)GenderGenotypes Provided
Individual Mouse $225.70Female or MaleCompound Heterozygote for allele KitlSl and allele KitlSl-d
Pairs /Price (US dollars $)Pair Genotype
$318.50WC/ReJ KitlSl/J (000693) x B6.D2-KitlSl-d/J (000160)

Additional Supply Details

Supply Details

Standard SupplyRepository-Live. A collection of over 1000 strains maintained as live colonies. Individual colonies are sized to meet current customer demand. Delivery for orders of 10 mice or less ranges on average from one to eight weeks; mice are generally shipped between four to six weeks of age with a maximum shipping age of approximately nine weeks. Colony sizes do not generally support stringent age specifications for large volumes of mice; however custom orders and larger quantities of mice are easily arranged. Estimated ship dates for all orders provided within two business days following order placement.
Supply Notes
Important Note
This strain is heterozygous for the retinal degeneration allele Pde6brd1.

Control Information

  Control
   Wild-type from the colony
 
  Considerations for Choosing Controls
  USA, Canada and Mexico - Control Pricing Information for Genetically Engineered Mutant Strains.
  International - Control Pricing Information for Genetically Engineered Mutant Strains.

Payment Terms and Conditions

Terms are granted by individual review and stated on the customer invoice(s) and account statement. These transactions are payable in U.S. currency within the granted terms. Payment for services, products, shipping containers, and shipping costs that are rendered are expected within the payment terms indicated on the invoice or stated by contract. Invoices and account balances in arrears of stated terms may result in The Jackson Laboratory pursuing collection activities including but not limited to outside agencies and court filings.


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The Jackson Laboratory's Genotype Promise

The Jackson Laboratory has rigorous genetic quality control and mutant gene genotyping programs to ensure the genetic background of JAX® Mice strains as well as the genotypes of strains with identified molecular mutations. JAX® Mice strains are only made available to researchers after meeting our standards. However, the phenotype of each strain may not be fully characterized and/or captured in the strain data sheets. Therefore, we cannot guarantee a strain's phenotype will meet all expectations. To ensure that JAX® Mice will meet the needs of individual research projects or when requesting a strain that is new to your research, we suggest ordering and performing tests on a small number of mice to determine suitability for your particular project.
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JAX® Mice, Products & Services Conditions of Use

"MICE" means mouse strains, their progeny derived by inbreeding or crossbreeding, unmodified derivatives from mouse strains or their progeny supplied by The Jackson Laboratory ("JACKSON"). "PRODUCTS" means biological materials supplied by JACKSON, and their derivatives. "RECIPIENT" means each recipient of MICE, PRODUCTS, or services provided by JACKSON including each institution, its employees and other researchers under its control. MICE or PRODUCTS shall not be: (i) used for any purpose other than the internal research, (ii) sold or otherwise provided to any third party for any use, or (iii) provided to any agent or other third party to provide breeding or other services. Acceptance of MICE or PRODUCTS from JACKSON shall be deemed as agreement by RECIPIENT to these conditions, and departure from these conditions requires JACKSON's prior written authorization.

No Warranty

MICE, PRODUCTS AND SERVICES ARE PROVIDED “AS IS”. JACKSON EXTENDS NO WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, WITH RESPECT TO MICE, PRODUCTS OR SERVICES, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR ANY WARRANTY OF NON-INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, TRADEMARK, OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS.

In case of dissatisfaction for a valid reason and claimed in writing by a purchaser within ninety (90) days of receipt of mice, products or services, JACKSON will, at its option, provide credit or replacement for the mice or product received or the services provided.

No Liability

In no event shall JACKSON, its trustees, directors, officers, employees, and affiliates be liable for any causes of action or damages, including any direct, indirect, special, or consequential damages, arising out of the provision of MICE, PRODUCTS or services, including economic damage or injury to property and lost profits, and including any damage arising from acts or negligence on the part of JACKSON, its agents or employees. In purchasing or receiving MICE, PRODUCTS or services from JACKSON, purchaser or recipient, or any party claiming by or through them, expressly releases and discharges JACKSON from all such causes of action or damages, and further agrees to defend and indemnify JACKSON from any costs or damages arising out of any third party claims.

MICE and PRODUCTS are to be used in a safe manner and in accordance with all applicable governmental rules and regulations.

The foregoing represents the General Terms and Conditions applicable to JACKSON’s MICE, PRODUCTS or services. In addition, special terms and conditions of sale of certain MICE, PRODUCTS or services may be set forth separately in JACKSON web pages, catalogs, price lists, contracts, and/or other documents, and these special terms and conditions shall also govern the sale of these MICE, PRODUCTS and services by JACKSON, and by its licensees and distributors.

Acceptance of delivery of MICE, PRODUCTS or services shall be deemed agreement to these terms and conditions. No purchase order or other document transmitted by purchaser or recipient that may modify the terms and conditions hereof, shall be in any way binding on JACKSON, and instead the terms and conditions set forth herein, including any special terms and conditions set forth separately, shall govern the sale of MICE, PRODUCTS or services by JACKSON.


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